Joshua23
American Standard Version · Public Domain
1And it came to pass after many days, when Jehovah had given rest unto Israel from all their enemies round about, and Joshua was old and well stricken in years;
2that Joshua called for all Israel, for their elders and for their heads, and for their judges and for their officers, and said unto them, I am old and well stricken in years:
3and ye have seen all that Jehovah your God hath done unto all these nations because of you; for Jehovah your God, he it is that hath fought for you.
4Behold, I have allotted unto you these nations that remain, to be an inheritance for your tribes, from the Jordan, with all the nations that I have cut off, even unto the great sea toward the going down of the sun.
5And Jehovah your God, he will thrust them out from before you, and drive them from out of your sight; and ye shall possess their land, as Jehovah your God spake unto you.
6Therefore be ye very courageous to keep and to do all that is written in the book of the law of Moses, that ye turn not aside therefrom to the right hand or to the left;
7that ye come not among these nations, these that remain among you; neither make mention of the name of their gods, nor cause to swear by them, neither serve them, nor bow down yourselves unto them;
8but cleave unto Jehovah your God, as ye have done unto this day.
9For Jehovah hath driven out from before you great nations and strong: but as for you, no man hath stood before you unto this day.
10One man of you shall chase a thousand; for Jehovah your God, he it is that fighteth for you, as he spake unto you.
11Take good heed therefore unto yourselves, that ye love Jehovah your God.
12Else if ye do at all go back, and cleave unto the remnant of these nations, even these that remain among you, and make marriages with them, and go in unto them, and they to you;
13know for a certainty that Jehovah your God will no more drive these nations from out of your sight; but they shall be a snare and a trap unto you, and a scourge in your sides, and thorns in your eyes, until ye perish from off this good land which Jehovah your God hath given you.
14And, behold, this day I am going the way of all the earth: and ye know in all your hearts and in all your souls, that not one thing hath failed of all the good things which Jehovah your God spake concerning you; all are come to pass unto you, not one thing hath failed thereof.
15And it shall come to pass, that as all the good things are come upon you of which Jehovah your God spake unto you, so will Jehovah bring upon you all the evil things, until he have destroyed you from off this good land which Jehovah your God hath given you.
16When ye transgress the covenant of Jehovah your God, which he commanded you, and go and serve other gods, and bow down yourselves to them; then will the anger of Jehovah be kindled against you, and ye shall perish quickly from off the good land which he hath given unto you.
Study Guide
Public-domain commentary and original-language notes for Joshua 23.
Chapter Summary
In this chapter: Joshua's exhortation before his death. (1–10). Joshua warns the people of idolatry. (11–16).
vv1-10
Joshua was old and dying, let them observe what he said now. He put them in mind of the great things God had done for them in his days. He exhorted them to be very courageous. Keep with care, do with diligence, and regard with sincerity what is written. Also, very cautiously to endeavour that the heathen idolatry may be forgotten, so that it may never be revived. It is sad that among Christians the names of the heathen gods are so commonly used, and made so familiar as they are. Joshua exhorts them to be very constant. There might be many things amiss among them, but they had not forsaken the Lord their God; the way to make people better, is to make the best of them.
vv11-16
Would we cleave to the Lord, we must always stand upon our guard, for many a soul is lost through carelessness. Love the Lord your God, and you will not leave him. Has God been thus true to you? Be not you false to him. He is faithful that has promised, Heb 10:23. The experience of every Christian witnesses the same truth. Conflicts may have been severe and long, trials great and many; but at the last he will acknowledge that goodness and mercy followed him all the days of his life. Joshua states the fatal consequences of going back; know for a certainty it will be your ruin. The first step would be, friendship with idolaters; the next would be, marrying with them; the end of that would be, serving their gods. Thus the way of sin is down-hill, and those who have fellowship with sinners, cannot avoid having fellowship with sin. He describes the destruction he warns them of. The goodness of the heavenly Canaan, and the free and sure grant God has made of it, will add to the misery of those who shall for ever be shut out from it. Nothing will make them see how wretched they are, so much, as to see how happy they might have been. Let us watch and pray against temptation. Let us trust in God's faithfulness, love, and power; let us plead his promises, and cleave to his commandments, then we shall be happy in life, in death, and for ever.
Key Words
רַב: abundant (in quantity, size, age, number, rank, quality)
יוֹם: a day (as the warm hours), whether literal (from sunrise to sunset, or from one sunset to the next), or figurative (a space of time defined by an associated term), (often used adverb)
אַחַר: properly, the hind part; generally used as an adverb or conjunction, after (in various senses)
נוּחַ: to rest, i.e. settle down; used in a great variety of applications, literal and figurative, intransitive, transitive and causative (to dwell, stay, let fall, place, let alone, withdraw, give comfort, etc.)
יִשְׂרָאֵל: Jisrael, a symbolical name of Jacob; also (typically) of his posterity
סָבִיב: (as noun) a circle, neighbour, or environs; but chiefly (as adverb, with or without preposition) around
אֹיֵב: hating; an adversary
יְהוֹשׁוּעַ: Jehoshua (i.e. Joshua), the Jewish leader
זָקֵן: to be old
בּוֹא: to go or come (in a wide variety of applications)
Cross References
Joshua 23Explicit prohibition of marriages with the remaining Canaanite nations, which Joshua warns against here.
Supported by Matthew Henry, Matthew Poole, JFB
The covenant promise that one shall chase a thousand, which Joshua reiterates.
Supported by Matthew Henry, JFB
Warning that remaining nations and their gods will become snares and traps.
Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB
Warning that remaining Canaanites will be pricks in eyes and thorns in sides.
Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB
Joshua exhorts the leaders using the same command of courage he received from God.
Supported by Matthew Poole
Prohibition against taking the names of false gods upon one's lips.
Supported by Matthew Poole
Commandment not to make mention of the name of other gods.
Supported by Matthew Poole
The Mosaic injunction to cleave unto the Lord, echoed by Joshua here.
Supported by Matthew Poole
The fulfillment of Joshua's warning when God refuses to drive out the nations.
Supported by JFB
The covenant curses and evil things threatened if Israel disobeyed God.
Supported by Matthew Henry
The fundamental command to love the Lord your God, requiring diligent self-watchfulness.
Supported by JFB
The Torah's strict prohibition of making covenants and marriages with Canaanites.
Supported by JFB
David uses the same expression ('going the way of all the earth') at his death.
Supported by Matthew Poole
Confirms that not one good thing promised by God had failed.
Supported by JFB