Romans16
English Standard Version
1I to , of the ,
2 you may the in a way , she may from , has a of of as .
3 , ,
4 , to the of the give thanks as .
5Greet the . , the in .
6 , has .
7 , . the , .
8 , the .
9 , , .
10 , who is . who the family of .
11 . the to the family of .
12 those the , . the , has the .
13 , the ; , who has been a mother to as .
14 , , , , , brothers who are .
15 , , , , the who are .
16 a . the of .
17 to , , to for those who to the have been ; .
18 such do , their , they the of the .
19 is , that I , I to be as what as what is .
20 of will . The of be .
21 , , ; do , .
22 , who this , the .
23 , who is to to the , . , the , our , .
25 to him who is to to the of , to the of the that was for
26 has been the has been , to the of the , to the of —
27to the be ! .
Study Guide
Public-domain commentary and original-language notes for Romans 16.
Chapter Summary
In this chapter: The apostle recommends Phebe to the church at Rome, and greets several friends there. (1–16). Cautions the church against such as made divisions. (17–20). Christian salutations. (21–24). The epistle concludes with ascribing glory to God. (25–27).
vv1-16
Paul recommends Phebe to the Christians at Rome. It becomes Christians to help one another in their affairs, especially strangers; we know not what help we may need ourselves. Paul asks help for one that had been helpful to many; he that watereth shall be watered also himself. Though the care of all the churches came upon him daily, yet he could remember many persons, and send salutations to each, with particular characters of them, and express concern for them. Lest any should feel themselves hurt, as if Paul had forgotten them, he sends his remembrances to the rest, as brethren and saints, though not named. He adds, in the close, a general salutation to them all, in the name of the churches of Christ.
vv17-20
How earnest, how endearing are these exhortations! Whatever differs from the sound doctrine of the Scriptures, opens a door to divisions and offences. If truth be forsaken, unity and peace will not last long. Many call Christ, Master and Lord, who are far from serving him. But they serve their carnal, sensual, worldly interests. They corrupt the head by deceiving the heart; perverting the judgments by winding themselves into the affections. We have great need to keep our hearts with all diligence. It has been the common policy of seducers to set upon those who are softened by convictions. A pliable temper is good when under good guidance, otherwise it may be easily led astray. Be so wise as not to be deceived, yet so simple as not to be deceivers. The blessing the apostle expects from God, is victory over Satan. This includes all designs and devices of Satan against souls, to defile, disturb, and destroy them; all his attempts to keep us from the peace of heaven here, and the possession of heaven hereafter. When Satan seems to prevail, and we are ready to give up all as lost, then will the God of peace interpose in our behalf. Hold out therefore, faith and patience, yet a little while. If the grace of Christ be with us, who can prevail against us?
vv21-24
The apostle adds affectionate remembrances from persons with him, known to the Roman Christians. It is a great comfort to see the holiness and usefulness of our kindred. Not many mighty, not many noble are called, but some are. It is lawful for believers to bear civil offices; and it were to be wished that all offices in Christian states, and in the church, were bestowed upon prudent and steady Christians.
Key Words
ὑμῖν (hymîn): to (with or by) you
ἡμῶν (hēmōn): of (or from) us
ἀδελφή (adelphḗ): a sister (naturally or ecclesiastically)
Φοίβη (Phoíbē): probably akin to the base of G5457 (φῶς)); Phœbe, a Christian woman
ὤν (ṓn): being
διάκονος (diákonos): an attendant, i.e. (genitive case) a waiter (at table or in other menial duties); specially, a Christian teacher and pastor (technically, a deacon or deaconess)
ἐκκλησία (ekklēsía): a calling out, i.e. (concretely) a popular meeting, especially a religious congregation (Jewish synagogue, or Christian community of members on earth or saints in heaven or both)
ἐν (en): "in," at, (up-)on, by, etc.
Κεγχρεαί (Kenchreaí): Cenchreæ, a port of Corinth
ἵνα (hína): compare G3588 (ὁ)); in order that (denoting the purpose or the result)
Cross References
Romans 16Direct verbal echo of the promise that the seed of the woman would bruise Satan's head.
Supported by Matthew Henry, JFB
Provides historical background of Aquila and Priscilla, their trade, and their association with Paul.
Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB
Parallels the greeting to Priscilla and Aquila and the church meeting in their home.
Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB
Echoes Paul's earlier commendation of the Roman church's widespread reputation for faith and obedience.
Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB
Parallels the language of the gospel mystery once hidden but now made manifest to the saints.
Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB
Elucidates the active role and public ministry of widows and deaconesses like Phoebe.
Supported by John Calvin
Demonstrates the enduring prominence of Prisca (Priscilla) and Aquila in the Pauline mission.
Supported by JFB
Illustrates the common early church practice of believers meeting in individual households.
Supported by Matthew Poole
Likely identifies the same Rufus, son of Simon of Cyrene, prominent in the Roman church.
Supported by JFB