Romans14
King James Version · Public Domain
1Him that is weak in the faith receive ye, but not to doubtful disputations.
2For one believeth that he may eat all things: another, who is weak, eateth herbs.
3Let not him that eateth despise him that eateth not; and let not him which eateth not judge him that eateth: for God hath received him.
4Who art thou that judgest another man's servant? to his own master he standeth or falleth. Yea, he shall be holden up: for God is able to make him stand.
5One man esteemeth one day above another: another esteemeth every day alike. Let every man be fully persuaded in his own mind.
6He that regardeth the day, regardeth it unto the Lord; and he that regardeth not the day, to the Lord he doth not regard it. He that eateth, eateth to the Lord, for he giveth God thanks; and he that eateth not, to the Lord he eateth not, and giveth God thanks.
7For none of us liveth to himself, and no man dieth to himself.
8For whether we live, we live unto the Lord; and whether we die, we die unto the Lord: whether we live therefore, or die, we are the Lord's.
9For to this end Christ both died, and rose, and revived, that he might be Lord both of the dead and living.
10But why dost thou judge thy brother? or why dost thou set at nought thy brother? for we shall all stand before the judgment seat of Christ.
11For it is written, As I live, saith the Lord, every knee shall bow to me, and every tongue shall confess to God.
12So then every one of us shall give account of himself to God.
13Let us not therefore judge one another any more: but judge this rather, that no man put a stumblingblock or an occasion to fall in his brother's way.
14I know, and am persuaded by the Lord Jesus, that there is nothing unclean of itself: but to him that esteemeth any thing to be unclean, to him it is unclean.
15But if thy brother be grieved with thy meat, now walkest thou not charitably. Destroy not him with thy meat, for whom Christ died.
16Let not then your good be evil spoken of:
17For the kingdom of God is not meat and drink; but righteousness, and peace, and joy in the Holy Ghost.
18For he that in these things serveth Christ is acceptable to God, and approved of men.
19Let us therefore follow after the things which make for peace, and things wherewith one may edify another.
20For meat destroy not the work of God. All things indeed are pure; but it is evil for that man who eateth with offence.
21It is good neither to eat flesh, nor to drink wine, nor any thing whereby thy brother stumbleth, or is offended, or is made weak.
22Hast thou faith? have it to thyself before God. Happy is he that condemneth not himself in that thing which he alloweth.
23And he that doubteth is damned if he eat, because he eateth not of faith: for whatsoever is not of faith is sin.
Study Guide
Public-domain commentary and original-language notes for Romans 14.
Chapter Summary
In this chapter: The Jewish converts cautioned against judging, and Gentile believers against despising one the other. (1–13). And the Gentiles exhorted to take heed of giving offence in their use of indifferent things. (14–23).
vv1-6
Differences of opinion prevailed even among the immediate followers of Christ and their disciples. Nor did St. Paul attempt to end them. Compelled assent to any doctrine, or conformity to outward observances without being convinced, would be hypocritical and of no avail. Attempts for producing absolute oneness of mind among Christians would be useless. Let not Christian fellowship be disturbed with strifes of words. It will be good for us to ask ourselves, when tempted to disdain and blame our brethren; Has not God owned them? and if he has, dare I disown them? Let not the Christian who uses his liberty, despise his weak brother as ignorant and superstitious. Let not the scrupulous believer find fault with his brother, for God accepted him, without regarding the distinctions of meats. We usurp the place of God, when we take upon us thus to judge the thoughts and intentions of others, which are out of our view. The case as to the observance of days was much the same. Those who knew that all these things were done away by Christ's coming, took no notice of the festivals of the Jews. But it is not enough that our consciences consent to what we do; it is necessary that it be certified from the word of God. Take heed of acting against a doubting conscience. We are all apt to make our own views the standard of truth, to deem things certain which to others appear doubtful. Thus Christians often despise or condemn each other, about doubtful matters of no moment. A thankful regard to God, the Author and Giver of all our mercies, sanctifies and sweetens them.
vv7-13
Though some are weak, and others are strong, yet all must agree not to live to themselves. No one who has given up his name to Christ, is allowedly a self-seeker; that is against true Christianity. The business of our lives is not to please ourselves, but to please God. That is true Christianity, which makes Christ all in all. Though Christians are of different strength, capacities, and practices in lesser things, yet they are all the Lord's; all are looking and serving, and approving themselves to Christ. He is Lord of those that are living, to rule them; of those that are dead, to revive them, and raise them up. Christians should not judge or despise one another, because both the one and the other must shortly give an account. A believing regard to the judgment of the great day, would silence rash judgings. Let every man search his own heart and life; he that is strict in judging and humbling himself, will not be apt to judge and despise his brother. We must take heed of saying or doing things which may cause others to stumble or to fall. The one signifies a lesser, the other a greater degree of offence; that which may be an occasion of grief or of guilt to our brother.
vv14-18
Christ deals gently with those who have true grace, though they are weak in it. Consider the design of Christ's death: also that drawing a soul to sin, threatens the destruction of that soul. Did Christ deny himself for our brethren, so as to die for them, and shall not we deny ourselves for them, so as to keep from any indulgence? We cannot hinder ungoverned tongues from speaking evil; but we must not give them any occasion. We must deny ourselves in many cases what we may lawfully do, when our doing it may hurt our good name. Our good often comes to be evil spoken of, because we use lawful things in an uncharitable and selfish manner. As we value the reputation of the good we profess and practise, let us seek that it may not be evil-spoken of. Righteousness, peace, and joy, are words that mean a great deal. As to God, our great concern is to appear before him justified by Christ's death, sanctified by the Spirit of his grace; for the righteous Lord loveth righteousness. As to our brethren, it is to live in peace, and love, and charity with them; following peace with all men. As to ourselves, it is joy in the Holy Ghost; that spiritual joy wrought by the blessed Spirit in the hearts of believers, which respects God as their reconciled Father, and heaven as their expected home. Regard to Christ in doing our duties, alone can make them acceptable. Those are most pleasing to God that are best pleased with him; and they abound most in peace and joy in the Holy Ghost. They are approved by wise and good men; and the opinion of others is not to be regarded.
Key Words
ἀσθενέω (asthenéō): to be feeble (in any sense)
πίστις (pístis): persuasion, i.e. credence; moral conviction (of religious truth, or the truthfulness of God or a religious teacher), especially reliance upon Christ for salvation; abstractly, constancy in such profession; by extension, the system of religious (Gospel) truth itself
προσλαμβάνω (proslambánō): to take to oneself, i.e. use (food), lead (aside), admit (to friendship or hospitality)
δέ (dé): but, and, etc.
μή (mḗ): (adverb) not, (conjunction) lest; also (as an interrogative implying a negative answer (whereas G3756 (οὐ) expects an affirmative one)) whether
εἰς (eis): to or into (indicating the point reached or entered), of place, time, or (figuratively) purpose (result, etc.); also in adverbial phrases
διαλογισμός (dialogismós): discussion, i.e. (internal) consideration (by implication, purpose), or (external) debate
διάκρισις (diákrisis): judicial estimation
μέν (mén): properly, indicative of affirmation or concession (in fact); usually followed by a contrasted clause with G1161 (δέ) (this one, the former, etc.)
ὅς (hós): the relatively (sometimes demonstrative) pronoun, who, which, what, that
Cross References
Romans 14Direct Old Testament citation establishing that every knee shall bow to the Lord and swear allegiance.
Supported by Matthew Henry, Matthew Poole, John Calvin
Parallels the warning against letting anyone judge you regarding food, drink, or observance of festival days.
Supported by Matthew Henry, Matthew Poole, JFB
Explicit parallel asserting that we must all appear before the judgment seat of Christ to give account.
Supported by Matthew Henry, Matthew Poole, JFB
Detailed treatment of weak consciences, scrupulous eating, and avoiding being a stumblingblock to others.
Supported by Matthew Poole, John Calvin, JFB
Warns against judging a brother, reminding that there is only one Lawgiver and Judge.
Supported by Matthew Henry, Matthew Poole
Addresses the controversial Galatian practice of scrupulously observing days, months, seasons, and years.
Supported by Matthew Henry, Matthew Poole, John Calvin
Reinforces that believers are not their own; they were bought with a price to glorify God.
Supported by Matthew Henry
Confirms that Christ died for all so that those who live should live for Him.
Supported by JFB
Echoes Jesus' teaching that nothing entering a man's mouth defiles him; it is unclean only to him.
Supported by Matthew Poole
Reflects Peter's vision where God declared that what He has cleansed is no longer to be called common.
Supported by Matthew Poole
Immediate sequel urging the strong to bear with the failings of the weak.
Supported by Matthew Poole, John Calvin
Historical example of Daniel refusing defiling food, choosing pulse and water instead of royal meat.
Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB
Condemns those commanding to abstain from foods which God created to be received with thanksgiving.
Supported by Matthew Henry
Command to eat and drink to the glory of God, echoing giving thanks to the Lord.
Supported by Matthew Henry
Jesus' warning against causing one of these little ones who believe in Him to stumble.
Supported by Matthew Henry
Affirms that to the pure all things are pure, matching Paul's statement on food.
Supported by Matthew Poole
Paul's vow to never eat meat if it makes his brother stumble.
Supported by JFB