Joshua12
English Standard Version
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1 Now these are the of the whom the of and took of their the , from the of the to , with all the :
2 of the who at and from , which is on the of the of the , and from the of the as far as the , the of the , that is, of ,
3 and the the of , and in the of , of the , the , to the of the slopes of ;
4 of , one of the of the , who at and at
5 and over and and all to the of the and the , and over of to the of of .
6 , the of the Lord, and the of them. And the of the Lord their land for a to the and the and the of .
7 And these are the of the whom and the of on the of the , from in the of to , that toward (and their land to the of as a according to their ,
8 in the , in the , in the , in the , in the , and in the , the land of the , the , the , the , the , and the ):
9 the of , ; the of , which is , ;
10 the of , ; the of , ;
11 the of , ; the of , ;
12 the of , ; the of , ;
13 the of , ; the of , ;
14 the of , ; the of , ;
15 the of , ; the of , ;
16 the of , ; the of , ;
17 the of , ; the of , ;
18 the of , ; the of , ;
19 the of , ; the of , ;
20 the of , ; the of , ;
21 the of , ; the of , ;
22 the of , ; the of in , ;
23 the of in , ; the of in , ;
24 the of , : in all, .
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Joshua 12Public-domain commentary and original-language notes for Joshua 12. The full AI study guide (summary, themes, context) has its own page.
Chapter Summary
In this chapter: The two kings conquered by Moses. (1–6). The kings whom Joshua smote. (7–24).
vv1-6
Fresh mercies must not drown the remembrance of former mercies, nor must the glory of the present instruments of good to the church diminish the just honour of those who went before them, since God is the same who wrought by both. Moses gave to one part of Israel a very rich and fruitful country, but it was on the outside of Jordan. Joshua gave to all Israel the holy land, within Jordan. So the law has given to some few of God's spiritual Israel worldly blessings, earnests of good things to come; but our Lord Jesus, the true Joshua, provided for all the children of promise spiritual blessings, and the heavenly Canaan.
vv7-24
We have here the limits of the country Joshua conquered. A list is given of the kings subdued by Israel: thirty-one in all. This shows how fruitful Canaan then was, in which so many chose to throng together. This was the land God appointed for Israel; yet in our day it is one of the most barren and unprofitable countries in the world. Such is the effect of the curse it lies under, since its possessors rejected Christ and his gospel, as was foretold by Moses, De 29:23. The vengeance of a righteous God, inflicted on all these kings and their subjects, for their wickedness, should make us dread and hate sin. The fruitful land bestowed on his chosen people, should fill our hearts with hope and confidence in his mercy, and with humble gratitude.
Key Words
מֶלֶךְ: a king
אֶרֶץ: the earth (at large, or partitively a land)
בֵּן: a son (as a builder of the family name), in the widest sense (of literal and figurative relationship, including grandson, subject, nation, quality or condition, etc., (like father or brother), etc.)
יִשְׂרָאֵל: Jisrael, a symbolical name of Jacob; also (typically) of his posterity
נָכָה: to strike (lightly or severely, literally or figuratively)
יָרַשׁ: to occupy (by driving out previous tenants, and possessing in their place); by implication, to seize, to rob, to inherit; also to expel, to impoverish, to ruin
עֵבֶר: properly, a region across; but used only adverbially (with or without a preposition) on the opposite side (especially of the Jordan; ususally meaning the east)
יַרְדֵּן: Jarden, the principal river of Palestine
נַחַל: a stream, especially a winter torrent; (by implication) a (narrow) valley (in which a brook runs); also a shaft (of a mine)
אַרְנוֹן: the Arnon, a river east of the Jordan, also its territory
Cross References
Joshua 12Records the initial defeat of Sihon, king of the Amorites, boundary at the river Arnon.
Supported by JFB
Celebrates Yahweh's victory over Sihon king of the Amorites and Og king of Bashan.
Supported by Matthew Henry
The original victory of Israel under Moses over Og, the giant king of Bashan.
Supported by JFB
Details Og as the remnant of the giants, specifically referencing his massive iron bedstead.
Supported by Matthew Poole
Moses' command to cross the river Arnon to possess the land of Sihon.
Supported by JFB
Elaborates on Moses' division of the Transjordan lands to the two and a half tribes.
Supported by Matthew Poole
Identical geographic markers (Baal-gad to mount Halak) defining the boundaries of Joshua's conquests.
Supported by JFB
Parallels the geographic description of the sea of Chinnereth down to the Salt Sea.
Supported by Matthew Poole
Names the southern kings (Jerusalem, Hebron, Jarmuth, Lachish) defeated by Joshua.
Supported by Matthew Poole
Names the northern kings (Madon, Hazor, Shimron, Achshaph) who coalesced against Joshua.
Supported by Matthew Poole