Numbers1
English Standard Version
1The Lord to in the of , in the of , on the day of the , in the after they had of the of , ,
2 a of the of the of , by , by ’ , according to the of , every , head by .
3From and , in who are able to to , you and shall them, company by .
4And there shall be with you a from , each being the of the of his .
5And these are the of the who shall you. From , the of ;
6from , the of ;
7from , the of ;
8from , the of ;
9from , the of ;
10from the of , from , the of , and from , the of ;
11from , the of ;
12from , the of ;
13from , the of ;
14from , the of ;
15from , the of .
16 were the chosen from the , the of their ancestral , of the .
17 and these who had ,
18and on the day of the , they the whole , who themselves by , by ’ , according to the of from and , head by ,
19as the Lord . So he them in the of .
20The of , , their , by their , by their ’ , according to the of , head by , every from and , who were able to to :
21those of the of were .
22Of the of , their , by their , by their ’ , those of them who were , according to the of , head by , from and , who were able to to :
23those of the of were .
24Of the of , their , by their , by their ’ , according to the of the , from and , who were able to to :
25those of the of were .
26Of the of , their , by their , by their ’ , according to the of , from and , man able to to :
27those of the of were .
28Of the of , their , by their clans, by their ’ , according to the number of , from and , man able to to :
29those of the tribe of were .
30Of the of , their , by their , by their ’ , according to the of , from and , man able to to :
31those of the of were .
32Of the of , namely, of the of , their , by their , by their ’ , according to the of , from and , man able to to :
33those of the of were .
34Of the of , their , by their , by their ’ , according to the of , from and , man able to to :
35those of the of were .
36Of the of Benjamin, their , by their , by their ’ , according to the of , from and , man able to to :
37those of the of were .
38Of the people of , their , by their , by their ’ , according to the of , from and , man able to to :
39those of the of were .
40Of the of , their , by their , by their ’ , according to the of , from and , man able to to :
41those of the of were .
42Of the of , their , by their , by their ’ , according to the of , from and , man able to to :
43those of the of were .
44 are those who were , whom and with the help of the of , , representing his ’ .
45So those of the of , by their ’ , from and , every man able to to in —
46 those were .
47But the were not along them by their .
48For the Lord to , ,
49 the of you shall not , and you shall not a of them the of .
50But the the of the , and its , and that belongs to it. They are to the and its , and they shall take of it and shall the .
51When the is to out, the shall it down, and when the is to be , the shall it up. And if any near, he shall be put to .
52The of shall their tents by their , each man his own and each by his own .
53But the shall the of the , so that there may be no on the of the of . And the shall over the of the .
54Thus the of ; they according to that the Lord .
Study Guide
Public-domain commentary and original-language notes for Numbers 1.
Chapter Summary
In this chapter: The numbering of the Israelites. (1–43). The number of the people. (44–46). The Levites not numbered with the rest. (47–54).
vv1-43
The people were numbered to show God's faithfulness in thus increasing the seed of Jacob, that they might be the better trained for the wars and conquest of Canaan, and to ascertain their families in order to the division of the land. It is said of each tribe, that those were numbered who were able to go forth to war; they had wars before them, though now they met with no opposition. Let the believer be prepared to withstand the enemies of his soul, though all may appear to be peace.
vv44-46
We have here the sum total. How much was required to maintain all these in the wilderness! They were all provided for by God every day. When we observe the faithfulness of God, however unlikely the performance of his promise may appear, we may take courage as to those which yet remain to be fulfilled to the church of God.
vv47-54
Care is here taken to distinguish the tribe of Levi, which, in the matter of the golden calf, had distinguished itself. Singular services shall be recompensed by singular honours. It was to the honour of the Levites, that to them was committed the care of the tabernacle and its treasures, in their camps and in their marches. It was for the honour of the holy things that none should see them, or touch them, but those who were called of God to the service. We all are unfit and unworthy to have fellowship with God, till called by his grace into the fellowship of his Son Jesus Christ our Lord; and so, being the spiritual seed of that great High Priest, we are made priests to our God. Great care must be taken to prevent sin, for preventing sin is preventing wrath. Being a holy tribe, they were not reckoned among other Israelites. They that minister about holy things, should neither entangle themselves, nor be entangled, in worldly affairs. And let every believer seek to do what the Lord has commanded.
Key Words
דָבַר: perhaps properly, to arrange; but used figuratively (of words), to speak; rarely (in a destructive sense) to subdue
מֹשֶׁה: Mosheh, the Israelite lawgiver
מִדְבָּר: a pasture (i.e. open field, whither cattle are driven); by implication, a desert; also speech (including its organs)
סִינַי: Sinai, mountain of Arabia
אֹהֶל: a tent (as clearly conspicuous from a distance)
מוֹעֵד: properly, an appointment, i.e. a fixed time or season; specifically, a festival; conventionally ayear; by implication, an assembly (as convened for a definite purpose); technically the congregation; by extension, the place of meeting; also a signal (as appointed beforehand)
אֶחָד: properly, united, i.e. one; or (as an ordinal) first
שֵׁנִי: properly, double, i.e. second; also adverbially, again
חֹדֶשׁ: the new moon; by implication, a month
שָׁנֶה: a year (as a revolution of time)
Cross References
Numbers 1Relates the previous census poll-tax total to the current military census numbers.
Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB
Judah's preeminence and largest census size fulfill Jacob's dying prophetic blessing.
Supported by JFB
Fulfillment of Jacob's blessing where Ephraim is prophesied to exceed Manasseh in number.
Supported by JFB
Fulfillment of the Abrahamic covenant promise regarding the massive increase of his offspring.
Supported by Matthew Henry, JFB
Establishes the chronological timeline of Israel's stay in the wilderness of Sinai.
Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB
The Tabernacle set up exactly one month prior to this census command.
Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB
Contrasts this first census with the second census where none of this generation remained.
Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB
The legal prescription for taking a census and paying the ransom money.
Supported by Matthew Poole
The practical implementation of the Levites dismantling and transporting the tabernacle.
Supported by Matthew Henry
Contrasts Moses' authorized census with David's unauthorized and sinful numbering.
Supported by JFB
Formal setting apart of the tribe of Levi for priestly assistance and duties.
Supported by Matthew Henry
The Tabernacle of Testimony designated under the hand of the Levites.
Supported by Matthew Poole
Shows how failure to guard the sanctuary results in divine wrath breaking out.
Supported by Matthew Henry
Identifies the designated leaders of the tribes selected to assist Moses.
Supported by Matthew Poole
The precise arrangement of the tribes around the tabernacle according to standards.
Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB