Psalms40
English Standard Version
1To the . A of . I for the Lord; he to me and my .
2He me up from the of , out of the , and my upon a , my .
3He a in my , a song of to our . will and , and put their in the Lord.
4 is the who the Lord his , who does not to the , to those who after a !
5You have , O Lord my , your and your us; can with you! I will and of them, yet they are can be .
6In and you have not , but you have me an open . and you have not .
7Then I , , I have ; in the of the it is of me:
8I to your , O my ; your is my .
9I have told the of in the ; , I have not my , as you , O Lord.
10I have not your my ; I have of your and your ; I have not your and your from the .
11As for you, O Lord, you will not your from me; your and your will me!
12For have me beyond ; my have me, and I ; they are the of my ; my me.
13Be , O Lord, to me! O Lord, to me!
14Let those be and who to away my ; let those be and who in my !
15Let those be of their who to me, , !
16But may who you and be in you; may those who your , is the Lord!
17As for me, I am and , but the takes for me. You are my and my ; do not , O my !
Study Guide
Public-domain commentary and original-language notes for Psalms 40.
Chapter Summary
In this chapter: Confidence for deliverance. (1–5). Christ's work of redemption. (6–10). Prayer for mercy and grace. (11–17).
vv1-5
Doubts and fears about the eternal state, are a horrible pit and miry clay, and have been so to many a dear child of God. There is power enough in God to help the weakest, and grace enough to help the unworthiest of all that trust in him. The psalmist waited patiently; he continued believing, hoping, and praying. This is applicable to Christ. His agony, in the garden and on the cross, was a horrible pit and miry clay. But those that wait patiently for God do not wait in vain. Those that have been under religious melancholy, and by the grace of God have been relieved, may apply verse 2 very feelingly to themselves; they are brought up out of a horrible pit. Christ is the Rock on which a poor soul can alone stand fast. Where God has given stedfast hope, he expects there should be a steady, regular walk and conduct. God filled the psalmist with joy, as well as peace in believing. Multitudes, by faith beholding the sufferings and glory of Christ, have learned to fear the justice and trust in the mercy of God through Him. Many are the benefits with which we are daily loaded, both by the providence and by the grace of God.
vv6-10
The psalmist foretells that work of wonder, redemption by our Lord Jesus Christ. The Substance must come, which is Christ, who must bring that glory to God, and that grace to man, which it was impossible the sacrifices should ever do. Observe the setting apart of our Lord Jesus to the work and office of Mediator. In the volume, or roll, of the book it was written of him. In the close rolls of the Divine decrees and counsel, the covenant of redemption was recorded. Also, in all the volumes of the Old Testament something was written of him, Joh 19:28. Now the purchase of our salvation is made, the proclamation is sent forth, calling us to come and accept it. It was preached freely and openly. Whoever undertook to preach the gospel of Christ, would be under great temptation to conceal it; but Christ, and those he calls to that work, are carried on in it. May we believe his testimony, trust his promise, and submit to his authority.
vv11-17
The best saints see themselves undone, unless continually preserved by the grace of God. But see the frightful view the psalmist had of sin. This made the discovery of a Redeemer so welcome. In all his reflections upon each step of his life, he discovered something amiss. The sight and sense of our sins in their own colours, must distract us, if we have not at the same time some sight of a Saviour. If Christ has triumphed over our spiritual enemies, then we, through him, shall be more than conquerors. This may encourage all that seek God and love his salvation, to rejoice in him, and to praise him. No griefs nor poverty can render those miserable who fear the Lord. Their God, and all that he has or does, is the ground of their joy. The prayer of faith can unlock his fulness, which is adapted to all their wants. The promises are sure, the moment of fulfilment hastens forward. He who once came in great humility, shall come again in glorious majesty.
Key Words
נָצַח: properly, to glitter from afar, i.e. to be eminent (as a superintendent, especially of the Temple services and its music); to be permanent
מִזְמוֹר: properly, instrumental music; by implication, a poem set to notes
דָּוִד: David, the youngest son of Jesse
קָוָה: to bind together (perhaps by twisting), i.e. collect; (figuratively) to expect
נָטָה: to stretch or spread out; by implication, to bend away (including moral deflection); used in a great variety of application
שָׁמַע: to hear intelligently (often with implication of attention, obedience, etc.; causatively, to tell, etc.)
שַׁוְעָה: a hallooing
עָלָה: to ascend, intransitively (be high) or actively (mount); used in a great variety of senses, primary and secondary, literal and figurative
בּוֹר: a pit hole (especially one used as a cistern or a prison)
שָׁאוֹן: uproar (as of rushing); by implication, destruction
Cross References
Psalms 40Explicitly quotes Ps 40:6-8 to establish Christ's voluntary sacrifice replacing Levitical animal offerings.
Supported by Matthew Henry, Matthew Poole, JFB
Christ declares He came down from heaven to do the will of God, fulfilling verse 8.
Supported by Matthew Henry, JFB
Christ's offering up prayers with strong crying and tears in Gethsemane matches the patient waiting here.
Supported by Matthew Henry, JFB
Jeremiah's literal deliverance from a miry dungeon illustrates the figurative distress of the psalmist.
Supported by JFB
Refers to boring a servant's ear in token of voluntary, perpetual obedience and enslavement.
Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB
Samuel's famous declaration that to obey is better than sacrifice parallels the critique of empty offerings.
Supported by Matthew Poole
Jesus declares His meat is to do the will of Him that sent Him.
Supported by John Calvin, JFB
Parallels declaring God's name and righteousness in the midst of the great congregation.
Supported by Matthew Poole, John Calvin
Christ confirms that all things written in the Law, Prophets, and Psalms concerning Him must be fulfilled.
Supported by Matthew Henry
Under the New Covenant, God promises to write His law in the believer's heart.
Supported by Matthew Poole
Psalm 70 is a near-identical repetition of the petition in verses 13-17.
Supported by Matthew Henry, Matthew Poole
Identical imagery of praying to be delivered from the mire and the deep waters.
Supported by Matthew Poole, John Calvin
The Servant's ear is opened by God, and He is not rebellious, showing obedience.
Supported by JFB
Christ points to the Scriptures, which testify directly of Him as written in the volume.
Supported by Matthew Henry
Using similar imagery of being drawn out of many waters and great dangers.
Supported by Matthew Poole