Isaiah36
King James Version · Public Domain
1Now it came to pass in the fourteenth year of king Hezekiah, that Sennacherib king of Assyria came up against all the defenced cities of Judah, and took them.
2And the king of Assyria sent Rabshakeh from Lachish to Jerusalem unto king Hezekiah with a great army. And he stood by the conduit of the upper pool in the highway of the fuller's field.
3Then came forth unto him Eliakim, Hilkiah's son, which was over the house, and Shebna the scribe, and Joah, Asaph's son, the recorder.
4And Rabshakeh said unto them, Say ye now to Hezekiah, Thus saith the great king, the king of Assyria, What confidence is this wherein thou trustest?
5I say, sayest thou, (but they are but vain words) I have counsel and strength for war: now on whom dost thou trust, that thou rebellest against me?
6Lo, thou trustest in the staff of this broken reed, on Egypt; whereon if a man lean, it will go into his hand, and pierce it: so is Pharaoh king of Egypt to all that trust in him.
7But if thou say to me, We trust in the Lord our God: is it not he, whose high places and whose altars Hezekiah hath taken away, and said to Judah and to Jerusalem, Ye shall worship before this altar?
8Now therefore give pledges, I pray thee, to my master the king of Assyria, and I will give thee two thousand horses, if thou be able on thy part to set riders upon them.
9How then wilt thou turn away the face of one captain of the least of my master's servants, and put thy trust on Egypt for chariots and for horsemen?
10And am I now come up without the Lord against this land to destroy it? the Lord said unto me, Go up against this land, and destroy it.
11Then said Eliakim and Shebna and Joah unto Rabshakeh, Speak, I pray thee, unto thy servants in the Syrian language; for we understand it: and speak not to us in the Jews' language, in the ears of the people that are on the wall.
12But Rabshakeh said, Hath my master sent me to thy master and to thee to speak these words? hath he not sent me to the men that sit upon the wall, that they may eat their own dung, and drink their own piss with you?
13Then Rabshakeh stood, and cried with a loud voice in the Jews' language, and said, Hear ye the words of the great king, the king of Assyria.
14Thus saith the king, Let not Hezekiah deceive you: for he shall not be able to deliver you.
15Neither let Hezekiah make you trust in the Lord, saying, The Lord will surely deliver us: this city shall not be delivered into the hand of the king of Assyria.
16Hearken not to Hezekiah: for thus saith the king of Assyria, Make an agreement with me by a present, and come out to me: and eat ye every one of his vine, and every one of his fig tree, and drink ye every one the waters of his own cistern;
17Until I come and take you away to a land like your own land, a land of corn and wine, a land of bread and vineyards.
18Beware lest Hezekiah persuade you, saying, The Lord will deliver us. Hath any of the gods of the nations delivered his land out of the hand of the king of Assyria?
19Where are the gods of Hamath and Arpad? where are the gods of Sepharvaim? and have they delivered Samaria out of my hand?
20Who are they among all the gods of these lands, that have delivered their land out of my hand, that the Lord should deliver Jerusalem out of my hand?
21But they held their peace, and answered him not a word: for the king's commandment was, saying, Answer him not.
22Then came Eliakim, the son of Hilkiah, that was over the household, and Shebna the scribe, and Joah, the son of Asaph, the recorder, to Hezekiah with their clothes rent, and told him the words of Rabshakeh.
Study Guide
Public-domain commentary and original-language notes for Isaiah 36.
Chapter Summary
In this chapter: Rabshakeh's blasphemies. (1-22).
vv1-22
See II Kin. 18:17-37, and the commentary thereon.
Key Words
שָׁנֶה: a year (as a revolution of time)
מֶלֶךְ: a king
חִזְקִיָּה: Chizkijah, a king of Judah, also the name of two other Israelites
סַנְחֵרִיב: Sancherib, an Assyrian king
אַשּׁוּר: Ashshur, the second son of Shem; also his descendants and the country occupied by them (i.e. Assyria), its region and its empire
עָלָה: to ascend, intransitively (be high) or actively (mount); used in a great variety of senses, primary and secondary, literal and figurative
כֹּל: properly, the whole; hence, all, any or every (in the singular only, but often in a plural sense)
בָּצַר: to gather grapes; also to be isolated (i.e. inaccessible by height or fortification)
עִיר: a city (a place guarded by waking or a watch) in the widest sense (even of a mere encampment or post)
יְהוּדָה: Jehudah (or Judah), the name of five Israelites; also of the tribe descended from the first, and of its territory
Cross References
Isaiah 36Direct parallel account of Sennacherib's invasion of the fortified cities of Judah.
Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB
Fulfills prediction that Eliakim would replace Shebna over the royal household.
Supported by JFB
Isaiah's earlier prophetic warning against relying on Egypt, here mockingly echoed by Rabshakeh.
Supported by JFB
Parallel account of Rabshakeh misinterpreting Hezekiah's centralizing altar reforms as anti-God.
Supported by Matthew Henry, Matthew Poole
Identical geographical location where Ahaz was warned, showing continuity of Judah's crises.
Supported by JFB
Parallels the metaphor of Egypt as a broken staff/reed that pierces the hand.
Supported by Matthew Poole
Assyria is God's rod of anger, though they intend only to destroy.
Supported by JFB
Contrasts Rabshakeh's taunt on confidence with Hezekiah's actual confidence in Yahweh.
Supported by JFB
Assyrian false promise of peace contrasts with Micah's Messianic promise of vine and fig tree.
Supported by JFB
Parallel regarding Sennacherib's warning not to let Hezekiah persuade them to trust.
Supported by Matthew Poole
Earlier prophetic reference to the fallen cities of Hamath, Arpad, and Sepharvaim.
Supported by JFB
The same three royal officials carry their rent clothes and report to Hezekiah.
Supported by Matthew Poole
The mockers' taunts ('He trusted in God, let him deliver him') prefigure Christ's suffering.
Supported by Matthew Henry
Echoes Pharaoh's defiant, arrogant question: 'Who is the Lord, that I should obey?'
Supported by Matthew Poole