Isaiah36
World English Bible · Public Domain
1Now in the fourteenth year of King Hezekiah, Sennacherib king of Assyria attacked all of the fortified cities of Judah and captured them.
2The king of Assyria sent Rabshakeh from Lachish to Jerusalem to King Hezekiah with a large army. He stood by the aqueduct from the upper pool in the fuller’s field highway.
3Then Eliakim the son of Hilkiah, who was over the household, and Shebna the scribe, and Joah, the son of Asaph the recorder came out to him.
4Rabshakeh said to them, “Now tell Hezekiah, ‘The great king, the king of Assyria, says, “What confidence is this in which you trust?
5I say that your counsel and strength for the war are only vain words. Now in whom do you trust, that you have rebelled against me?
6Behold, you trust in the staff of this bruised reed, even in Egypt, which if a man leans on it, it will go into his hand and pierce it. So is Pharaoh king of Egypt to all who trust in him.
7But if you tell me, ‘We trust in Yahweh our God,’ isn’t that he whose high places and whose altars Hezekiah has taken away, and has said to Judah and to Jerusalem, ‘You shall worship before this altar’?”
8Now therefore, please make a pledge to my master the king of Assyria, and I will give you two thousand horses, if you are able on your part to set riders on them.
9How then can you turn away the face of one captain of the least of my master’s servants, and put your trust in Egypt for chariots and for horsemen?
10Have I come up now without Yahweh against this land to destroy it? Yahweh said to me, “Go up against this land, and destroy it.”’”
11Then Eliakim, Shebna and Joah said to Rabshakeh, “Please speak to your servants in Aramaic, for we understand it. Don’t speak to us in the Jews’ language in the hearing of the people who are on the wall.”
12But Rabshakeh said, “Has my master sent me only to your master and to you, to speak these words, and not to the men who sit on the wall, who will eat their own dung and drink their own urine with you?”
13Then Rabshakeh stood, and called out with a loud voice in the Jews’ language, and said, “Hear the words of the great king, the king of Assyria!
14The king says, ‘Don’t let Hezekiah deceive you; for he will not be able to deliver you.
15Don’t let Hezekiah make you trust in Yahweh, saying, “Yahweh will surely deliver us. This city won’t be given into the hand of the king of Assyria.”’
16Don’t listen to Hezekiah, for the king of Assyria says, ‘Make your peace with me, and come out to me; and each of you eat from his vine, and each one from his fig tree, and each one of you drink the waters of his own cistern;
17until I come and take you away to a land like your own land, a land of grain and new wine, a land of bread and vineyards.
18Beware lest Hezekiah persuade you, saying, “Yahweh will deliver us.” Have any of the gods of the nations delivered their lands from the hand of the king of Assyria?
19Where are the gods of Hamath and Arpad? Where are the gods of Sepharvaim? Have they delivered Samaria from my hand?
20Who are they among all the gods of these countries that have delivered their country out of my hand, that Yahweh should deliver Jerusalem out of my hand?’”
21But they remained silent, and said nothing in reply, for the king’s commandment was, “Don’t answer him.”
22Then Eliakim the son of Hilkiah, who was over the household, and Shebna the scribe, and Joah, the son of Asaph the recorder, came to Hezekiah with their clothes torn, and told him the words of Rabshakeh.
Study Guide
Public-domain commentary and original-language notes for Isaiah 36.
Chapter Summary
In this chapter: Rabshakeh's blasphemies. (1-22).
vv1-22
See II Kin. 18:17-37, and the commentary thereon.
Key Words
שָׁנֶה: a year (as a revolution of time)
מֶלֶךְ: a king
חִזְקִיָּה: Chizkijah, a king of Judah, also the name of two other Israelites
סַנְחֵרִיב: Sancherib, an Assyrian king
אַשּׁוּר: Ashshur, the second son of Shem; also his descendants and the country occupied by them (i.e. Assyria), its region and its empire
עָלָה: to ascend, intransitively (be high) or actively (mount); used in a great variety of senses, primary and secondary, literal and figurative
כֹּל: properly, the whole; hence, all, any or every (in the singular only, but often in a plural sense)
בָּצַר: to gather grapes; also to be isolated (i.e. inaccessible by height or fortification)
עִיר: a city (a place guarded by waking or a watch) in the widest sense (even of a mere encampment or post)
יְהוּדָה: Jehudah (or Judah), the name of five Israelites; also of the tribe descended from the first, and of its territory
Cross References
Isaiah 36Direct parallel account of Sennacherib's invasion of the fortified cities of Judah.
Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB
Fulfills prediction that Eliakim would replace Shebna over the royal household.
Supported by JFB
Isaiah's earlier prophetic warning against relying on Egypt, here mockingly echoed by Rabshakeh.
Supported by JFB
Parallel account of Rabshakeh misinterpreting Hezekiah's centralizing altar reforms as anti-God.
Supported by Matthew Henry, Matthew Poole
Identical geographical location where Ahaz was warned, showing continuity of Judah's crises.
Supported by JFB
Parallels the metaphor of Egypt as a broken staff/reed that pierces the hand.
Supported by Matthew Poole
Assyria is God's rod of anger, though they intend only to destroy.
Supported by JFB
Contrasts Rabshakeh's taunt on confidence with Hezekiah's actual confidence in Yahweh.
Supported by JFB
Assyrian false promise of peace contrasts with Micah's Messianic promise of vine and fig tree.
Supported by JFB
Parallel regarding Sennacherib's warning not to let Hezekiah persuade them to trust.
Supported by Matthew Poole
Earlier prophetic reference to the fallen cities of Hamath, Arpad, and Sepharvaim.
Supported by JFB
The same three royal officials carry their rent clothes and report to Hezekiah.
Supported by Matthew Poole
The mockers' taunts ('He trusted in God, let him deliver him') prefigure Christ's suffering.
Supported by Matthew Henry
Echoes Pharaoh's defiant, arrogant question: 'Who is the Lord, that I should obey?'
Supported by Matthew Poole