Esther2
New International Version
1Later when King Xerxes’ fury had subsided, he remembered Vashti and what she had done and what he had decreed about her.
2Then the king’s personal attendants proposed, “Let a search be made for beautiful young virgins for the king.
3Let the king appoint commissioners in every province of his realm to bring all these beautiful young women into the harem at the citadel of Susa. Let them be placed under the care of Hegai, the king’s eunuch, who is in charge of the women; and let beauty treatments be given to them.
4Then let the young woman who pleases the king be queen instead of Vashti.” This advice appealed to the king, and he followed it.
5Now there was in the citadel of Susa a Jew of the tribe of Benjamin, named Mordecai son of Jair, the son of Shimei, the son of Kish,
6who had been carried into exile from Jerusalem by Nebuchadnezzar king of Babylon, among those taken captive with Jehoiachin king of Judah.
7Mordecai had a cousin named Hadassah, whom he had brought up because she had neither father nor mother. This young woman, who was also known as Esther, had a lovely figure and was beautiful. Mordecai had taken her as his own daughter when her father and mother died.
8When the king’s order and edict had been proclaimed, many young women were brought to the citadel of Susa and put under the care of Hegai. Esther also was taken to the king’s palace and entrusted to Hegai, who had charge of the harem.
9She pleased him and won his favor. Immediately he provided her with her beauty treatments and special food. He assigned to her seven female attendants selected from the king’s palace and moved her and her attendants into the best place in the harem.
10Esther had not revealed her nationality and family background, because Mordecai had forbidden her to do so.
11Every day he walked back and forth near the courtyard of the harem to find out how Esther was and what was happening to her.
12Before a young woman’s turn came to go in to King Xerxes, she had to complete twelve months of beauty treatments prescribed for the women, six months with oil of myrrh and six with perfumes and cosmetics.
13And this is how she would go to the king: Anything she wanted was given her to take with her from the harem to the king’s palace.
14In the evening she would go there and in the morning return to another part of the harem to the care of Shaashgaz, the king’s eunuch who was in charge of the concubines. She would not return to the king unless he was pleased with her and summoned her by name.
15When the turn came for Esther (the young woman Mordecai had adopted, the daughter of his uncle Abihail) to go to the king, she asked for nothing other than what Hegai, the king’s eunuch who was in charge of the harem, suggested. And Esther won the favor of everyone who saw her.
16She was taken to King Xerxes in the royal residence in the tenth month, the month of Tebeth, in the seventh year of his reign.
17Now the king was attracted to Esther more than to any of the other women, and she won his favor and approval more than any of the other virgins. So he set a royal crown on her head and made her queen instead of Vashti.
18And the king gave a great banquet, Esther’s banquet, for all his nobles and officials. He proclaimed a holiday throughout the provinces and distributed gifts with royal liberality.
19When the virgins were assembled a second time, Mordecai was sitting at the king’s gate.
20But Esther had kept secret her family background and nationality just as Mordecai had told her to do, for she continued to follow Mordecai’s instructions as she had done when he was bringing her up.
21During the time Mordecai was sitting at the king’s gate, Bigthana and Teresh, two of the king’s officers who guarded the doorway, became angry and conspired to assassinate King Xerxes.
22But Mordecai found out about the plot and told Queen Esther, who in turn reported it to the king, giving credit to Mordecai.
23And when the report was investigated and found to be true, the two officials were impaled on poles. All this was recorded in the book of the annals in the presence of the king.
Study Guide
Public-domain commentary and original-language notes for Esther 2.
Chapter Summary
In this chapter: Esther chosen queen. (1–20). Mordecai discovers a plot against the king. (21–23).
vv1-20
We see to what absurd practices those came, who were destitute of Divine revelation, and what need there was of the gospel of Christ, to purify men from the lusts of the flesh, and to bring them back to the original institution of marriage. Esther was preferred as queen. Those who suggest that Esther committed sin to come at this dignity, do not consider the custom of those times and countries. Every one that the king took was married to him, and was his wife, though of a lower rank. But how low is human nature sunk, when such as these are the leading pursuits and highest worldly happiness of men! Disappointment and vexation must follow; and he most wisely consults his enjoyment, even in this present life, who most exactly obeys the precepts of the Divine law. But let us turn to consider the wise and merciful providence of God, carrying on his deep but holy designs in the midst of all this. And let no change in our condition be a pretext for forgetting our duties to parents, or the friends who have stood in their place.
vv21-23
Good subjects must not conceal any bad design they know of against the prince, or the public peace. Mordecai was not rewarded at the time, but a remembrance was written. Thus, with respect to those who serve Christ, though their recompence is not till the resurrection of the just, yet an account is kept of their work of faith and labour of love, which God is not unrighteous to forget. The servant of God must be faithful to every trust, and watchful for those who employ him. If he appear to be neglected now, he will be remembered hereafter. None of our actions can be forgotten; even our most secret thoughts are written in lasting registers, Re 20:12.
Key Words
אַחַר: properly, the hind part; generally used as an adverb or conjunction, after (in various senses)
דָּבָר: a word; by implication, a matter (as spoken of) or thing; adverbially, a cause
חֵמָה: heat; figuratively, anger, poison (from its fever)
מֶלֶךְ: a king
אֲחַשְׁוֵרוֹשׁ: Achashverosh (i.e. Ahasuerus or Artaxerxes, but in this case Xerxes), the title (rather than name) of a Persian king
שָׁכַךְ: to weave (i.e. lay) a trap; figuratively, (through the idea of secreting) to allay (passions; physically, abate a flood)
זָכַר: properly, to mark (so as to be recognized), i.e. to remember; by implication, to mention; to be male
וַשְׁתִּי: Vashti, the queen of Xerxes
אֲשֶׁר: who, which, what, that; also (as an adverb and a conjunction) when, where, how, because, in order that, etc.
עָשָׂה: to do or make, in the broadest sense and widest application
Cross References
Esther 2Direct sequel where Mordecai's discovery of the treason is read from the chronicles to the king.
Supported by Matthew Henry, JFB
Providential favor granted to a young captive (Esther/Daniel) by their respective overseers.
Supported by Matthew Poole
Context of Ahasuerus's wrath being appeased regarding what was decreed against Vashti.
Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB
Historical record of the captivity under Nebuchadnezzar and Jeconiah (Jehoiachin) mentioned here.
Supported by Matthew Poole
Like Joseph, Esther obtains favor and kindness in the eyes of her keeper.
Supported by Matthew Poole
Illustrates Esther's ongoing obedience to Mordecai's charge even after becoming queen.
Supported by Matthew Poole
The book of chronicles where Mordecai's deed was recorded is read, prompting his reward.
Supported by Matthew Henry, JFB
Establishes Mordecai's Benjamite lineage, sharing ancestry with Kish, the father of Saul.
Supported by Matthew Poole
Esther conceals her Jewish identity, which Haman later targets as a diverse, scattered people.
Supported by Matthew Poole
Parallel execution of royal officers (hanging on a tree) after an inquiry.
Supported by Matthew Henry
Mordecai reminds Esther of her origins and her adoption for a specific providential purpose.
Supported by Matthew Poole
Establishes Mordecai's location sitting in the king's gate, facilitating his discovery of the plot.
Supported by JFB