1 Chronicles25
New King James Version
1Moreover David and the captains of the army separated for the service some of the sons of Asaph, of Heman, and of Jeduthun, who should prophesy with harps, stringed instruments, and cymbals. And the number of the skilled men performing their service was:
2Of the sons of Asaph: Zaccur, Joseph, Nethaniah, and Asharelah; the sons of Asaph were under the direction of Asaph, who prophesied according to the order of the king.
3Of Jeduthun, the sons of Jeduthun: Gedaliah, Zeri, Jeshaiah, Shimei, Hashabiah, and Mattithiah, six, under the direction of their father Jeduthun, who prophesied with a harp to give thanks and to praise the Lord.
4Of Heman, the sons of Heman: Bukkiah, Mattaniah, Uzziel, Shebuel, Jerimoth, Hananiah, Hanani, Eliathah, Giddalti, Romamti-Ezer, Joshbekashah, Mallothi, Hothir, and Mahazioth.
5All these were the sons of Heman the king’s seer in the words of God, to exalt his horn. For God gave Heman fourteen sons and three daughters.
6All these were under the direction of their father for the music in the house of the Lord, with cymbals, stringed instruments, and harps, for the service of the house of God. Asaph, Jeduthun, and Heman were under the authority of the king.
7So the number of them, with their brethren who were instructed in the songs of the Lord, all who were skillful, was two hundred and eighty-eight.
8And they cast lots for their duty, the small as well as the great, the teacher with the student.
9Now the first lot for Asaph came out for Joseph; the second for Gedaliah, him with his brethren and sons, twelve;
10the third for Zaccur, his sons and his brethren, twelve;
11the fourth for Jizri, his sons and his brethren, twelve;
12the fifth for Nethaniah, his sons and his brethren, twelve;
13the sixth for Bukkiah, his sons and his brethren, twelve;
14the seventh for Jesharelah, his sons and his brethren, twelve;
15the eighth for Jeshaiah, his sons and his brethren, twelve;
16the ninth for Mattaniah, his sons and his brethren, twelve;
17the tenth for Shimei, his sons and his brethren, twelve;
18the eleventh for Azarel, his sons and his brethren, twelve;
19the twelfth for Hashabiah, his sons and his brethren, twelve;
20the thirteenth for Shubael, his sons and his brethren, twelve;
21the fourteenth for Mattithiah, his sons and his brethren, twelve;
22the fifteenth for Jeremoth, his sons and his brethren, twelve;
23the sixteenth for Hananiah, his sons and his brethren, twelve;
24the seventeenth for Joshbekashah, his sons and his brethren, twelve;
25the eighteenth for Hanani, his sons and his brethren, twelve;
26the nineteenth for Mallothi, his sons and his brethren, twelve;
27the twentieth for Eliathah, his sons and his brethren, twelve;
28the twenty-first for Hothir, his sons and his brethren, twelve;
29the twenty-second for Giddalti, his sons and his brethren, twelve;
30the twenty-third for Mahazioth, his sons and his brethren, twelve;
31the twenty-fourth for Romamti-Ezer, his sons and his brethren, twelve.
Study Guide
Public-domain commentary and original-language notes for 1 Chronicles 25.
Chapter Summary
In this chapter: The singers and musicians. (1-31).
vv1-31
David put those in order who were appointed to be singers and musicians in the temple. To prophesy, in this place, means praising God with great earnestness and devout affections, under the influences of the Holy Spirit. In raising these affections, poetry and music were employed. If the Spirit of God do not put life and fervour into our devotions, they will, however ordered, be a lifeless, worthless form.
Key Words
דָּוִד: David, the youngest son of Jesse
שַׂר: a head person (of any rank or class)
צָבָא: a mass of persons (or figuratively, things), especially reg. organized forwar (an army); by implication, a campaign, literally or figuratively (specifically, hardship, worship)
בָּדַל: to divide (in variation senses literally or figuratively, separate, distinguish, differ, select, etc.)
עֲבֹדָה: work of any kind
בֵּן: a son (as a builder of the family name), in the widest sense (of literal and figurative relationship, including grandson, subject, nation, quality or condition, etc., (like father or brother), etc.)
אָסָף: Asaph, the name of three Israelites, and of the family of the first
הֵימָן: Heman, the name of at least two Israelites
יְדוּתוּן: Jeduthun, an Israelite
נָבָא: to prophesy, i.e. speak (or sing) by inspiration (in prediction or simple discourse)
Cross References
1 Chronicles 25Illuminates musical 'prophesying' under the influence of the Holy Spirit, connected to the sons of the prophets.
Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB
Shows historical precedent of musical instruments used to stir and awaken the prophetic spirit.
Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB
Explains the biblical equivalence between the terms 'seer' and 'prophet' as applied to Heman.
Supported by Matthew Poole
Identifies other royal seers of David (like Gad) matching Heman's title 'the king's seer'.
Supported by JFB
Establishes the appointments of the three primary musical leads: Asaph, Heman, and Ethan/Jeduthun.
Supported by Matthew Poole
Confirms their specific musical instruments (cymbals of brass) matching their service assignments.
Supported by Matthew Poole
Identifies the assembled 'captains' and princes of Israel present to establish these sacred orders.
Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB
Illuminates the inclusion of Heman's daughters in the sacred choir alongside the male singers.
Supported by JFB
Explains how the 288 skilled musicians directed the broader host of 4,000 levitical singers.
Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB
Parallel structure of casting lots impartially, similar to the ordering of the priests.
Supported by JFB