1 Chronicles 19WEB
Books
All books

1 Chronicles19

World English Bible · Public Domain

1After this, Nahash the king of the children of Ammon died, and his son reigned in his place.

2David said, “I will show kindness to Hanun the son of Nahash, because his father showed kindness to me.” So David sent messengers to comfort him concerning his father. David’s servants came into the land of the children of Ammon to Hanun to comfort him.

3But the princes of the children of Ammon said to Hanun, “Do you think that David honors your father, in that he has sent comforters to you? Haven’t his servants come to you to search, to overthrow, and to spy out the land?”

4So Hanun took David’s servants, shaved them, and cut off their garments in the middle at their buttocks, and sent them away.

5Then some people went and told David how the men were treated. He sent to meet them; for the men were greatly humiliated. The king said, “Stay at Jericho until your beards have grown, and then return.”

6When the children of Ammon saw that they had made themselves odious to David, Hanun and the children of Ammon sent one thousand talents of silver to hire chariots and horsemen out of Mesopotamia, out of Aram-maacah, and out of Zobah.

7So they hired for themselves thirty-two thousand chariots, and the king of Maacah with his people, who came and encamped near Medeba. The children of Ammon gathered themselves together from their cities, and came to battle.

8When David heard of it, he sent Joab with all the army of the mighty men.

9The children of Ammon came out, and put the battle in array at the gate of the city; and the kings who had come were by themselves in the field.

10Now when Joab saw that the battle was set against him before and behind, he chose some of all the choice men of Israel, and put them in array against the Syrians.

11The rest of the people he committed into the hand of Abishai his brother; and they put themselves in array against the children of Ammon.

12He said, “If the Syrians are too strong for me, then you are to help me; but if the children of Ammon are too strong for you, then I will help you.

13Be courageous, and let’s be strong for our people and for the cities of our God. May Yahweh do that which seems good to him.”

14So Joab and the people who were with him came near to the front of the Syrians to the battle; and they fled before him.

15When the children of Ammon saw that the Syrians had fled, they likewise fled before Abishai his brother, and entered into the city. Then Joab came to Jerusalem.

16When the Syrians saw that they were defeated by Israel, they sent messengers and called out the Syrians who were beyond the River, with Shophach the captain of the army of Hadadezer leading them.

17David was told that, so he gathered all Israel together, passed over the Jordan, came to them, and set the battle in array against them. So when David had put the battle in array against the Syrians, they fought with him.

18The Syrians fled before Israel; and David killed of the Syrian men seven thousand charioteers and forty thousand footmen, and also killed Shophach the captain of the army.

19When the servants of Hadadezer saw that they were defeated by Israel, they made peace with David and served him. The Syrians would not help the children of Ammon any more.

Study Guide

Public-domain commentary and original-language notes for 1 Chronicles 19.

Full AI study →

Chapter Summary

In this chapter: David's wars. (1-19).

vv1-19

The history is here repeated which we read 2Sa 10. The only safety of sinners consists in submitting to the Lord, seeking peace with him, and becoming his servants. Let us assist each other in a good cause; but let us fear lest, while made instruments of good to others, we should come short of salvation, through unbelief and sin.

Cross References

1 Chronicles 19
v12 Samuel 10:1-3thematic

Direct parallel account of Hanun's succession and David's messengers being sent.

Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB

v32 Samuel 10:4thematic

Parallel account of the princes' suspicion and the shameful treatment of David's servants.

Supported by Matthew Poole

v42 Samuel 10:5thematic

Parallel account detailing the instructions to tarry at Jericho until their beards grew.

Supported by Matthew Poole

v62 Samuel 10:6thematic

Parallel text for the Syrian and Mesopotamian mercenaries hired by the Ammonites.

Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB

v72 Samuel 10:8thematic

Parallel text showing the positioning of the Ammonite forces at the city gate.

Supported by JFB

v132 Samuel 10:12thematic

Parallel of Joab's famous speech exhorting courage for their people and cities.

Supported by Matthew Poole

v162 Samuel 10:16thematic

Parallel text for the mobilization of the trans-Euphrates Syrians under Shophach.

Supported by JFB

v182 Samuel 10:18thematic

Parallel account detailing the numbers of Syrian casualties, with minor textual variations.

Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB

v192 Samuel 10:19thematic

Parallel account of Hadadezer's servants making peace and refusing to help Ammon.

Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB

v11 Samuel 11:1thematic

Establishes the historical background of Nahash, king of the Ammonites.

Supported by JFB