Isaiah48
American Standard Version · Public Domain
1Hear ye this, O house of Jacob, who are called by the name of Israel, and are come forth out of the waters of Judah; who swear by the name of Jehovah, and make mention of the God of Israel, but not in truth, nor in righteousness
2(for they call themselves of the holy city, and stay themselves upon the God of Israel; Jehovah of hosts is his name):
3I have declared the former things from of old; yea, they went forth out of my mouth, and I showed them: suddenly I did them, and they came to pass.
4Because I knew that thou art obstinate, and thy neck is an iron sinew, and thy brow brass;
5therefore I have declared it to thee from of old; before it came to pass I showed it thee; lest thou shouldest say, Mine idol hath done them, and my graven image, and my molten image, hath commanded them.
6Thou hast heard it; behold all this; and ye, will ye not declare it? I have showed thee new things from this time, even hidden things, which thou hast not known.
7They are created now, and not from of old; and before this day thou heardest them not; lest thou shouldest say, Behold, I knew them.
8Yea, thou heardest not; yea, thou knewest not; yea, from of old thine ear was not opened: for I knew that thou didst deal very treacherously, and wast called a transgressor from the womb.
9For my name’s sake will I defer mine anger, and for my praise will I refrain for thee, that I cut thee not off.
10Behold, I have refined thee, but not as silver; I have chosen thee in the furnace of affliction.
11For mine own sake, for mine own sake, will I do it; for how should my name be profaned? and my glory will I not give to another.
12Hearken unto me, O Jacob, and Israel my called: I am he; I am the first, I also am the last.
13Yea, my hand hath laid the foundation of the earth, and my right hand hath spread out the heavens: when I call unto them, they stand up together.
14Assemble yourselves, all ye, and hear; who among them hath declared these things? He whom Jehovah loveth shall perform his pleasure on Babylon, and his arm shall be on the Chaldeans.
15I, even I, have spoken; yea, I have called him; I have brought him, and he shall make his way prosperous.
16Come ye near unto me, hear ye this; from the beginning I have not spoken in secret; from the time that it was, there am I: and now the Lord Jehovah hath sent me, and his Spirit.
17Thus saith Jehovah, thy Redeemer, the Holy One of Israel: I am Jehovah thy God, who teacheth thee to profit, who leadeth thee by the way that thou shouldest go.
18Oh that thou hadst hearkened to my commandments! then had thy peace been as a river, and thy righteousness as the waves of the sea:
19thy seed also had been as the sand, and the offspring of thy bowels like the grains thereof: his name would not be cut off nor destroyed from before me.
20Go ye forth from Babylon, flee ye from the Chaldeans; with a voice of singing declare ye, tell this, utter it even to the end of the earth: say ye, Jehovah hath redeemed his servant Jacob.
21And they thirsted not when he led them through the deserts; he caused the waters to flow out of the rock for them; he clave the rock also, and the waters gushed out.
22There is no peace, saith Jehovah, to the wicked.
Study Guide
Public-domain commentary and original-language notes for Isaiah 48.
Chapter Summary
In this chapter: The Jews reproved for their idolatry. (1-8). Yet deliverance is promised them. (9-15). Solemn warnings of judgment upon those who persisted in evil. (16-22).
vv1-8
The Jews valued themselves on descent from Jacob, and used the name of Jehovah as their God. They prided themselves respecting Jerusalem and the temple, yet there was no holiness in their lives. If we are not sincere in religion, we do but take the name of the Lord in vain. By prophecy they were shown how God would deal with them, long before it came to pass. God has said and done enough to prevent men's boasting of themselves, which makes the sin and ruin of the proud worse; sooner or later every mouth shall be stopped, and all become silent before Him. We are all born children of disobedience. Where original sin is, actual sin will follow. Does not the conscience of every man witness to the truth of Scripture? May the Lord prove us, and render us doers of the word.
vv9-15
We have nothing ourselves to plead with God, why he should have mercy upon us. It is for his praise, to the honour of his mercy, to spare. His bringing men into trouble was to do them good. It was to refine them, but not as silver; not so thoroughly as men refine silver. If God should take that course, they are all dross, and, as such, might justly be put away. He takes them as refined in part only. Many have been brought home to God as chosen vessels, and a good work of grace begun in them, in the furnace of affliction. It is comfort to God's people, that God will secure his own honour, therefore work deliverance for them. And if God delivers his people, he cannot be at a loss for instruments to be employed. God has formed a plan, in which, for his own sake, and the glory of his grace, he saves all that come to Him.
vv16-22
The Holy Spirit qualifies for service; and those may speak boldly, whom God and his Spirit send. This is to be applied to Christ. He was sent, and he had the Spirit without measure. Whom God redeems, he teaches; he teaches to profit by affliction, and then makes them partakers of his holiness. Also, by his grace he leads them in the way of duty; and by his providence he leads in the way of deliverance. God did not afflict them willingly. If their sins had not turned them away, their peace should have been always flowing and abundant. Spiritual enjoyments are ever joined with holiness of life and regard to God's will. It will make the misery of the disobedient the more painful, to think how happy they might have been. And here is assurance given of salvation out of captivity. Those whom God designs to bring home to himself, he will take care of, that they want not for their journey. This is applicable to the grace laid up for us in Jesus Christ, from whom all good flows to us, as the water to Israel out of the rock, for that Rock was Christ. The spiritual blessings of redemption, and the rescue of the church from antichristian tyranny, are here pointed to. But whatever changes take place, the Lord warned impenitent sinners that no good would come to them; that inward anguish and outward trouble, which spring from guilt and from the Divine wrath, must be their portion for ever.
Key Words
שָׁמַע: to hear intelligently (often with implication of attention, obedience, etc.; causatively, to tell, etc.)
זֶה: the masculine demonstrative pronoun, this or that
בַּיִת: a house (in the greatest variation of applications, especially family, etc.)
יַעֲקֹב: Jaakob, the Israelitish patriarch
קָרָא: to call out to (i.e. properly, address by name, but used in a wide variety of applications)
שֵׁם: an appellation, as amark or memorial of individuality; by implication honor, authority, character
יִשְׂרָאֵל: Jisrael, a symbolical name of Jacob; also (typically) of his posterity
יָצָא: to go (causatively, bring) out, in a great variety of applications, literally and figuratively, direct and proxim.
מִן: properly, a part of; hence (prepositionally), from or out of in many senses
מַיִם: water; figuratively, juice; by euphemism, urine, semen
Cross References
Isaiah 48Repeats word-for-word the solemn warning: 'There is no peace... unto the wicked.'
Supported by Matthew Henry, JFB
Parallels the metaphor of Israel's stiff neck ('iron sinew') and unyielding, obstinate heart.
Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB
Explicates that the desert rock cleft for water typified Christ, our spiritual refreshment.
Supported by Matthew Henry
Refers to the historical event of God splitting the rock at Horeb to give water.
Supported by Matthew Henry
Establishes 'the holy city' as Jerusalem, on which the hypocritical exiles falsely stayed themselves.
Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB
Parallels God's refining and purging of His people, though 'not as silver'.
Supported by JFB
Parallels God acting for His name's sake, lest His name be polluted among the heathen.
Supported by JFB
Parallels God's declaration that He has not spoken in secret or in a dark place.
Supported by John Calvin
A striking thematic parallel expressing God's lament over His people's refusal to hearken.
Supported by Matthew Poole
Traces the lineage metaphor of being 'come forth out of the waters of Judah.'
Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB
Parallels the hypocritical swearing by Yahweh's name but not in truth or righteousness.
Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB
Contrasts the 'former things' already declared with the 'new things' God is now revealing.
Supported by JFB
Shares the imagery of testing and refining His chosen remnant in the furnace.
Supported by JFB
The divine title 'the First and the Last' is claimed by Christ in glory.
Supported by JFB
Specifically identifies Cyrus as the one whom Jehovah loved to perform His pleasure on Babylon.
Supported by Matthew Poole
Christ applies to Himself the reality of being anointed and sent by the Holy Spirit.
Supported by Matthew Henry