Hebrews9
English Standard Version
1 the covenant for an .
2 a was , the , were the the of the . is the .
3 the was a second the ,
4 the altar of the of the on all with , was a the , that , the of the .
5 were the of the . these we in .
6 been , the the , their ,
7 the the goes, and he but , and taking , he for the unintentional of the .
8By the that the into the not as long as the
9( is the ). to this , are that of the ,
10but deal , for the the of .
11 when as a of the that have , then the more ( made with , that , of )
12he for all the places, means of the of means of his , an .
13 the of , the of with the of a , the of the ,
14how the of , the to , the .
15 he the of a , so those who are may the , since a has them from the the .
16 a is involved, the of the one who it be .
17 a only , it is in as the one who it is .
18 not the covenant was .
19 the had been by to the , he the of , , and the the ,
20 , is the of the .
21 in the he with the the the used in .
22 , the is , the shedding of there forgiveness of .
23 it was the of the things to be with these , the with .
24 has , made with , which are of the , , to in the of on .
25 was it , the the not his ,
26for would have to the of the . as it , he has for all the of the the of .
27 it is for to , comes ,
28 , having been the of , will a , not to with but those who are eagerly for .
Study Guide
Public-domain commentary and original-language notes for Hebrews 9.
Chapter Summary
In this chapter: The Jewish tabernacle and its utensils. (1–5). Their use and meaning. (6–10). These fulfilled in Christ. (11–22). The necessity, superior dignity, and power of his priesthood and sacrifice. (23–28).
vv1-5
The apostle shows to the Hebrews the typical reference of their ceremonies to Christ. The tabernacle was a movable temple, shadowing forth the unsettled state of the church upon earth, and the human nature of the Lord Jesus Christ, in whom the fulness of the Godhead dwelt bodily. The typical meaning of these things has been shown in former remarks, and the ordinances and articles of the Mosaic covenant point out Christ as our Light, and as the Bread of life to our souls; and remind us of his Divine Person, his holy priesthood, perfect righteousness, and all-prevailing intercession. Thus was the Lord Jesus Christ, all and in all, from the beginning. And as interpreted by the gospel, these things are a glorious representation of the wisdom of God, and confirm faith in Him who was prefigured by them.
vv6-10
The apostle goes on to speak of the Old Testament services. Christ, having undertaken to be our High Priest, could not enter into heaven till he had shed his blood for us; and none of us can enter, either into God's gracious presence here, or his glorious presence hereafter, but by the blood of Jesus. Sins are errors, great errors, both in judgment and practice; and who can understand all his errors? They leave guilt upon the conscience, not to be washed away but by the blood of Christ. We must plead this blood on earth, while he is pleading it for us in heaven. A few believers, under the Divine teaching, saw something of the way of access to God, of communion with him, and of admission into heaven through the promised Redeemer, but the Israelites in general looked no further than the outward forms. These could not take away the defilement or dominion of sin. They could neither discharge the debts, nor resolve the doubts, of him who did the service. Gospel times are, and should be, times of reformation, of clearer light as to all things needful to be known, and of greater love, causing us to bear ill-will to none, but good-will to all. We have greater freedom, both of spirit and speech, in the gospel, and greater obligations to a more holy living.
vv11-14
All good things past, present, and to come, were and are founded upon the priestly office of Christ, and come to us from thence. Our High Priest entered into heaven once for all, and has obtained eternal redemption. The Holy Ghost further signified and showed that the Old Testament sacrifices only freed the outward man from ceremonial uncleanness, and fitted him for some outward privileges. What gave such power to the blood of Christ? It was Christ's offering himself without any sinful stain in his nature or life. This cleanses the most guilty conscience from dead, or deadly, works to serve the living God; from sinful works, such as pollute the soul, as dead bodies did the persons of the Jews who touched them; while the grace that seals pardon, new-creates the polluted soul. Nothing more destroys the faith of the gospel, than by any means to weaken the direct power of the blood of Christ. The depth of the mystery of the sacrifice of Christ, we cannot dive into, the height we cannot comprehend. We cannot search out the greatness of it, or the wisdom, the love, the grace that is in it. But in considering the sacrifice of Christ, faith finds life, food, and refreshment.
Key Words
οὖν (oûn): (adverbially) certainly, or (conjunctionally) accordingly
μέν (mén): properly, indicative of affirmation or concession (in fact); usually followed by a contrasted clause with G1161 (δέ) (this one, the former, etc.)
πρῶτος (prōtos): foremost (in time, place, order or importance)
ἔχω (échō): to hold (used in very various applications, literally or figuratively, direct or remote; such as possession; ability, contiuity, relation, or condition)
δικαίωμα (dikaíōma): an equitable deed; by implication, a statute or decision
λατρεία (latreía): ministration of God, i.e. worship
τέ (té): both or also (properly, as correlation of G2532 (καί))
κοσμικός (kosmikós): terrene ("cosmic"), literally (mundane) or figuratively (corrupt)
ἅγιον (hágion): a sacred thing (i.e. spot)
γάρ (gár): properly, assigning a reason (used in argument, explanation or intensification; often with other particles)
Cross References
Hebrews 9Establishes the High Priest's strict limitation to enter the Holy of Holies only once a year.
Supported by Matthew Henry, Matthew Poole, JFB
Directly quoted by the author of Hebrews ('This is the blood of the testament/covenant').
Supported by Matthew Henry, Matthew Poole, JFB
Details the second veil dividing the Holy Place from the Most Holy Place.
Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB
Describes the cherubim of glory overshadowing the mercy seat upon the Ark of the Covenant.
Supported by Matthew Henry, Matthew Poole, JFB
Prescribes the sprinkling of the blood of the bullock on the mercy seat for atonement.
Supported by Matthew Henry, Matthew Poole, JFB
Provides the Old Testament law concerning the ashes of a red heifer for purification.
Supported by Matthew Henry, Matthew Poole, JFB
The tearing of the temple veil at Christ's death, signifying the opened way to God.
Supported by Matthew Henry, JFB
The historical note that only the tables of stone remained in the ark under Solomon.
Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB
Specifies the golden censer of incense carried behind the veil on the Day of Atonement.
Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB
Identifies Christ's flesh as the veil through which a new, living way is opened.
Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB
Contrasts the uselessness of the blood of bulls and goats with Christ's blood.
Supported by Matthew Henry, Matthew Poole, JFB
Describes the historical inauguration of the first covenant using sacrificial blood.
Supported by Matthew Henry, Matthew Poole
Reinforces that earthly sanctuary vessels were only copies and shadows of heavenly realities.
Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB
Discusses figures/types (tupos) of things to come under the old administration.
Supported by Matthew Poole
Describes the true tabernacle pitched by the Lord, not by man.
Supported by Matthew Poole
Identifies Jesus as the surety and mediator of a better covenant.
Supported by Matthew Henry, Matthew Poole
Parallels the legal/covenantal nature of a man's confirmed testament, which cannot be disannulled.
Supported by Matthew Poole
The foundational judgment of mortality ('unto dust shalt thou return') appointing all men to die.
Supported by Matthew Henry, Matthew Poole
Prophesies that the Servant would bear the sins of many, directly echoed here.
Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB
Shows the heavenly golden censer and altar of incense in the ultimate celestial temple.
Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB
Refers to the abolition of the law of commandments contained in ordinances.
Supported by Matthew Poole
Compares Christ to a lamb without blemish or spot, whose precious blood redeems.
Supported by Matthew Henry
Affirms Christ suffered once for sins, the just for the unjust.
Supported by Matthew Henry
Declares that the Creator does not dwell in temples made with human hands.
Supported by Matthew Poole