John7
English Standard Version
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Study Guide
Public-domain commentary and original-language notes for John 7.
Chapter Summary
In this chapter: Christ goes to the feast of tabernacles. (1–13). His discourse at the feast. (14–39). The people dispute concerning Christ. (40–53).
vv1-13
The brethren or kinsmen of Jesus were disgusted, when they found there was no prospect of worldly advantages from him. Ungodly men sometimes undertake to counsel those employed in the work of God; but they only advise what appears likely to promote present advantages. The people differed about his doctrine and miracles, while those who favoured him, dared not openly to avow their sentiments. Those who count the preachers of the gospel to be deceivers, speak out, while many who favour them, fear to get reproach by avowing regard for them.
vv14-24
Every faithful minister may humbly adopt Christ's words. His doctrine is not his own finding out, but is from God's word, through the teaching of his Spirit. And amidst the disputes which disturb the world, if any man, of any nation, seeks to do the will of God, he shall know whether the doctrine is of God, or whether men speak of themselves. Only those who hate the truth shall be given up to errors which will be fatal. Surely it was as agreeable to the design of the sabbath to restore health to the afflicted, as to administer an outward rite. Jesus told them to decide on his conduct according to the spiritual import of the Divine law. We must not judge concerning any by their outward appearance, but by their worth, and by the gifts and graces of God's Spirit in them.
vv25-30
Christ proclaimed aloud, that they were in error in their thoughts about his origin. He was sent of God, who showed himself true to his promises. This declaration, that they knew not God, with his claim to peculiar knowledge, provoked the hearers; and they sought to take him, but God can tie men's hands, though he does not turn their hearts.
Key Words
ταῦτα (taûta): these things
Ἰησοῦς (Iēsoûs): Jesus (i.e. Jehoshua), the name of our Lord and two (three) other Israelites
περιπατέω (peripatéō): to tread all around, i.e. walk at large (especially as proof of ability); figuratively, to live, deport oneself, follow (as a companion or votary)
ἐν (en): "in," at, (up-)on, by, etc.
Γαλιλαία (Galilaía): Galilæa (i.e. the heathen circle), a region of Palestine
γάρ (gár): properly, assigning a reason (used in argument, explanation or intensification; often with other particles)
θέλω (thélō): to determine (as an active option from subjective impulse; whereas G1014 (βούλομαι) properly denotes rather a passive acquiescence in objective considerations), i.e. choose or prefer (literally or figuratively); by implication, to wish, i.e. be inclined to (sometimes adverbially, gladly); impersonally for the future tense, to be about to; by Hebraism, to delight in
οὐ (ou): the absolute negative (compare G3361 (μή)) adverb; no or not
Ἰουδαία (Ioudaía): the Judæan land (i.e. Judæa), a region of Palestine
ὅτι (hóti): demonstrative, that (sometimes redundant); causative, because
Cross References
John 7Establishes the divine command and historical purpose behind the Feast of Tabernacles.
Supported by Matthew Poole, John Calvin, JFB
Detailing the sacrificial laws and duration of the Feast of Tabernacles mentioned in verse 2.
Supported by Matthew Poole
The 'one work' Jesus refers to that sparked Jewish outrage over the Sabbath.
Supported by Matthew Poole
Traces circumcision back to the covenant with the patriarch Abraham, before the law of Moses.
Supported by Matthew Poole
The Mosaic command to circumcise on the eighth day, even when falling on a Sabbath.
Supported by Matthew Poole
The prophetic expectation that Christ would be born in David's town of Bethlehem.
Supported by JFB
Connects Jesus's statement about his 'time' to his escape from premature arrest.
Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB
Parallel reaction to the apostles teaching with authority despite being uneducated, like Jesus.
Supported by JFB
Moses's command to judge righteously without showing partiality or respect of persons.
Supported by Matthew Poole
Reiterates the solemn warning that they will seek Him and die in their sins.
Supported by Matthew Henry, Matthew Poole
The prophecy of 'the Prophet' like Moses whom the crowd believes Jesus to be.
Supported by Matthew Henry
Identifies Nicodemus as the ruler who previously came to Jesus by night.
Supported by Matthew Henry, Matthew Poole, JFB
Contrasts the law given through Moses with grace and truth coming through Jesus Christ.
Supported by Matthew Henry
Identifies the eighth day as the solemn assembly, the 'great day of the feast'.
Supported by Matthew Poole
Parallel teaching on the internal spring of living water springing up to eternal life.
Supported by Matthew Henry