Haggai 2NKJV
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Haggai2

New King James Version

1In the seventh month, on the twenty-first of the month, the word of the Lord came by Haggai the prophet, saying:

2“Speak now to Zerubbabel the son of Shealtiel, governor of Judah, and to Joshua the son of Jehozadak, the high priest, and to the remnant of the people, saying:

3‘Who is left among you who saw this temple in its former glory? And how do you see it now? In comparison with it, is this not in your eyes as nothing?

4Yet now be strong, Zerubbabel,’ says the Lord; ‘and be strong, Joshua, son of Jehozadak, the high priest; and be strong, all you people of the land,’ says the Lord, ‘and work; for I am with you,’ says the Lord of hosts.

5‘According to the word that I covenanted with you when you came out of Egypt, so My Spirit remains among you; do not fear!’

6“For thus says the Lord of hosts: ‘Once more (it is a little while) I will shake heaven and earth, the sea and dry land;

7and I will shake all nations, and they shall come to the Desire of All Nations, and I will fill this temple with glory,’ says the Lord of hosts.

8‘The silver is Mine, and the gold is Mine,’ says the Lord of hosts.

9‘The glory of this latter temple shall be greater than the former,’ says the Lord of hosts. ‘And in this place I will give peace,’ says the Lord of hosts.”

10On the twenty-fourth day of the ninth month, in the second year of Darius, the word of the Lord came by Haggai the prophet, saying,

11“Thus says the Lord of hosts: ‘Now, ask the priests concerning the law, saying,

12“If one carries holy meat in the fold of his garment, and with the edge he touches bread or stew, wine or oil, or any food, will it become holy?” ’ ” Then the priests answered and said, “No.”

13And Haggai said, “If one who is unclean because of a dead body touches any of these, will it be unclean?” So the priests answered and said, “It shall be unclean.”

14Then Haggai answered and said, “ ‘So is this people, and so is this nation before Me,’ says the Lord, ‘and so is every work of their hands; and what they offer there is unclean.

15‘And now, carefully consider from this day forward: from before stone was laid upon stone in the temple of the Lord—

16since those days, when one came to a heap of twenty ephahs, there were but ten; when one came to the wine vat to draw out fifty baths from the press, there were but twenty.

17I struck you with blight and mildew and hail in all the labors of your hands; yet you did not turn to Me,’ says the Lord.

18‘Consider now from this day forward, from the twenty-fourth day of the ninth month, from the day that the foundation of the Lord’s temple was laid—consider it:

19Is the seed still in the barn? As yet the vine, the fig tree, the pomegranate, and the olive tree have not yielded fruit. But from this day I will bless you.’ ”

20And again the word of the Lord came to Haggai on the twenty-fourth day of the month, saying,

21“Speak to Zerubbabel, governor of Judah, saying: ‘I will shake heaven and earth.

22I will overthrow the throne of kingdoms; I will destroy the strength of the Gentile kingdoms. I will overthrow the chariots And those who ride in them; The horses and their riders shall come down, Every one by the sword of his brother.

23‘In that day,’ says the Lord of hosts, ‘I will take you, Zerubbabel My servant, the son of Shealtiel,’ says the Lord, ‘and will make you like a signet ring; for I have chosen you,’ says the Lord of hosts.”

Study Guide

Public-domain commentary and original-language notes for Haggai 2.

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Chapter Summary

In this chapter: Greater glory promised to the second temple than to the first. (1–9). Their sins hindered the work. (10–19). The kingdom of Christ foretold. (20–23).

vv1-9

Those who are hearty in the Lord's service shall receive encouragement to proceed. But they could not build such a temple then, as Solomon built. Though our gracious God is pleased if we do as well as we can in his service, yet our proud hearts will scarcely let us be pleased, unless we do as well as others, whose abilities are far beyond ours. Encouragement is given the Jews to go on in the work notwithstanding. They have God with them, his Spirit and his special presence. Though he chastens their transgressions, his faithfulness does not fail. The Spirit still remained among them. And they shall have the Messiah among them shortly; “He that should come.” Convulsions and changes would take place in the Jewish church and state, but first should come great revolutions and commotions among the nations. He shall come, as the Desire of all nations; desirable to all nations, for in him shall all the earth be blessed with the best of blessings; long expected and desired by all believers. The house they were building should be filled with glory, very far beyond Solomon's temple. This house shall be filled with glory of another nature. If we have silver and gold, we must serve and honour God with it, for the property is his. If we have not silver and gold, we must honour him with such as we have, and he will accept us. Let them be comforted that the glory of this latter house shall be greater than that of the former, in what would be beyond all the glories of the first house, the presence of the Messiah, the Son of God, the Lord of glory, personally, and in human nature. Nothing but the presence of the Son of God, in human form and nature, could fulfil this. Jesus is the Christ, is He that should come, and we are to look for no other. This prophecy alone is enough to silence the Jews, and condemn their obstinate rejection of Him, concerning whom all their prophets spake. If God be with us, peace is with us. But the Jews under the latter temple had much trouble; but this promise is fulfilled in that spiritual peace which Jesus Christ has by his blood purchased for all believers. All changes shall make way for Christ to be desired and valued by all nations. And the Jews shall have their eyes opened to behold how precious He is, whom they have hitherto rejected.

vv10-19

Many spoiled this good work, by going about it with unholy hearts and hands, and were likely to gain no advantage by it. The sum of these two rules of the law is, that sin is more easily learned from others than holiness. The impurity of their hearts and lives shall make the work of their hands, and all their offerings, unclean before God. The case is the same with us. When employed in any good work, we should watch over ourselves, lest we render it unclean by our corruptions. When we begin to make conscience of duty to God, we may expect his blessing; and whoso is wise will understand the loving-kindness of the Lord. God will curse the blessings of the wicked, and make bitter the prosperity of the careless; but he will sweeten the cup of affliction to those who diligently serve him.

vv20-23

The Lord will preserve Zerubbabel and the people of Judah, amidst their enemies. Here is also foretold the establishment and continuance of the kingdom of Christ; by union with whom his people are sealed with the Holy Ghost, sealed with his image, thus distinguished from all others. Here also is foretold the changes, even to that time when the kingdom of Christ shall overthrow and occupy the place of all the empires which opposed his cause. The promise has special reference to Christ, who descended from Zerubbabel in a direct line, and is the sole Builder of the gospel temple. Our Lord Jesus is the Signet on God's right hand, for all power is given to him, and derived from him. By him, and in him, all the promises of God are yea and amen. Whatever changes take place on earth, all will promote the comfort, honour, and happiness of his servants.

Cross References

Haggai 2
v6Hebrews 12:26-28fulfillment

Explicitly quotes and interprets the shaking of heaven and earth as introducing Christ's unshakeable kingdom.

Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB

v3Ezra 3:12thematic

Records the elders weeping at the visual inferiority of the second temple's foundation compared to the first.

Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB, John Calvin

v7Malachi 3:1thematic

Prophesies the Lord suddenly coming to His temple, fulfilling the promise of filling this house with glory.

Supported by Matthew Henry, JFB

v23Jeremiah 22:24contrast

Reverses the curse on Coniah (Jehoiachin), making his descendant Zerubbabel a chosen signet ring again.

Supported by Matthew Poole, John Calvin, JFB

v3Zechariah 4:10thematic

Warns against despising the day of small things regarding Zerubbabel's temple building.

Supported by JFB

Defines the priestly duty to teach the distinction between the holy and the unholy/unclean.

Supported by Matthew Poole, John Calvin, JFB

v13Numbers 19:11-22thematic

Sets forth the specific Levitical laws regarding defilement by contact with a dead body.

Supported by Matthew Poole

v5Zechariah 4:6thematic

Reinforces that the restoration succeeds not by human might, but by God's remaining Spirit.

Supported by JFB

v9John 1:14fulfillment

The ultimate fulfillment of the temple's glory, as the Word became flesh and tabernacled among us.

Supported by Matthew Henry, JFB

v14Titus 1:15thematic

Parallels the principle that to the defiled and unbelieving, nothing is pure.

Supported by Matthew Henry

v16Haggai 1:9-11thematic

Explains the economic and agricultural curses previously sent due to their neglect of God's house.

Supported by John Calvin

v22Daniel 2:44thematic

Predicts God breaking and consuming all earthly kingdoms to establish His everlasting kingdom.

Supported by Matthew Henry, JFB

v5Exodus 29:45-46thematic

The original Sinai covenant promise that God would dwell among Israel as their God.

Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB

v8Psalms 24:1thematic

Affirms God's absolute ownership of the earth's wealth, echoing 'the silver and gold are mine.'

Supported by Matthew Henry