Matthew18
New King James Version
1At that time the disciples came to Jesus, saying, “Who then is greatest in the kingdom of heaven?”
2Then Jesus called a little child to Him, set him in the midst of them,
3and said, “Assuredly, I say to you, unless you are converted and become as little children, you will by no means enter the kingdom of heaven.
4Therefore whoever humbles himself as this little child is the greatest in the kingdom of heaven.
5Whoever receives one little child like this in My name receives Me.
6“But whoever causes one of these little ones who believe in Me to sin, it would be better for him if a millstone were hung around his neck, and he were drowned in the depth of the sea.
7Woe to the world because of offenses! For offenses must come, but woe to that man by whom the offense comes!
8“If your hand or foot causes you to sin, cut it off and cast it from you. It is better for you to enter into life lame or maimed, rather than having two hands or two feet, to be cast into the everlasting fire.
9And if your eye causes you to sin, pluck it out and cast it from you. It is better for you to enter into life with one eye, rather than having two eyes, to be cast into hell fire.
10“Take heed that you do not despise one of these little ones, for I say to you that in heaven their angels always see the face of My Father who is in heaven.
11For the Son of Man has come to save that which was lost.
12“What do you think? If a man has a hundred sheep, and one of them goes astray, does he not leave the ninety-nine and go to the mountains to seek the one that is straying?
13And if he should find it, assuredly, I say to you, he rejoices more over that sheep than over the ninety-nine that did not go astray.
14Even so it is not the will of your Father who is in heaven that one of these little ones should perish.
15“Moreover if your brother sins against you, go and tell him his fault between you and him alone. If he hears you, you have gained your brother.
16But if he will not hear, take with you one or two more, that ‘by the mouth of two or three witnesses every word may be established.’
17And if he refuses to hear them, tell it to the church. But if he refuses even to hear the church, let him be to you like a heathen and a tax collector.
18“Assuredly, I say to you, whatever you bind on earth will be bound in heaven, and whatever you loose on earth will be loosed in heaven.
19“Again I say to you that if two of you agree on earth concerning anything that they ask, it will be done for them by My Father in heaven.
20For where two or three are gathered together in My name, I am there in the midst of them.”
21Then Peter came to Him and said, “Lord, how often shall my brother sin against me, and I forgive him? Up to seven times?”
22Jesus said to him, “I do not say to you, up to seven times, but up to seventy times seven.
23Therefore the kingdom of heaven is like a certain king who wanted to settle accounts with his servants.
24And when he had begun to settle accounts, one was brought to him who owed him ten thousand talents.
25But as he was not able to pay, his master commanded that he be sold, with his wife and children and all that he had, and that payment be made.
26The servant therefore fell down before him, saying, ‘Master, have patience with me, and I will pay you all.’
27Then the master of that servant was moved with compassion, released him, and forgave him the debt.
28“But that servant went out and found one of his fellow servants who owed him a hundred denarii; and he laid hands on him and took him by the throat, saying, ‘Pay me what you owe!’
29So his fellow servant fell down at his feet and begged him, saying, ‘Have patience with me, and I will pay you all.’
30And he would not, but went and threw him into prison till he should pay the debt.
31So when his fellow servants saw what had been done, they were very grieved, and came and told their master all that had been done.
32Then his master, after he had called him, said to him, ‘You wicked servant! I forgave you all that debt because you begged me.
33Should you not also have had compassion on your fellow servant, just as I had pity on you?’
34And his master was angry, and delivered him to the torturers until he should pay all that was due to him.
35“So My heavenly Father also will do to you if each of you, from his heart, does not forgive his brother his trespasses.”
Study Guide
Public-domain commentary and original-language notes for Matthew 18.
Chapter Summary
In this chapter: The importance of humility. (1–6). Caution against offences. (7–14). The removal of offences. (15–20). Conduct towards brethren, The parable of the unmerciful servant. (21–35).
vv1-6
Christ spoke many words of his sufferings, but only one of his glory; yet the disciples fasten upon that, and overlook the others. Many love to hear and speak of privileges and glory, who are willing to pass by the thoughts of work and trouble. Our Lord set a little child before them, solemnly assuring them, that unless they were converted and made like little children, they could not enter his kingdom. Children, when very young, do not desire authority, do not regard outward distinctions, are free from malice, are teachable, and willingly dependent on their parents. It is true that they soon begin to show other dispositions, and other ideas are taught them at an early age; but these are marks of childhood, and render them proper emblems of the lowly minds of true Christians. Surely we need to be daily renewed in the spirit of our minds, that we may become simple and humble, as little children, and willing to be the least of all. Let us daily study this subject, and examine our own spirits.
vv7-14
Considering the cunning and malice of Satan, and the weakness and depravity of men's hearts, it is not possible but that there should be offences. God permits them for wise and holy ends, that those who are sincere, and those who are not, may be made known. Being told before, that there will be seducers, tempters, persecutors, and bad examples, let us stand on our guard. We must, as far as lawfully we may, part with what we cannot keep without being entangled by it in sin. The outward occasions of sin must be avoided. If we live after the flesh, we must die. If we, through the Spirit, mortify the deeds of the body, we shall live. Christ came into the world to save souls, and he will reckon severely with those who hinder the progress of others who are setting their faces heavenward. And shall any of us refuse attention to those whom the Son of God came to seek and to save? A father takes care of all his children, but is particularly tender of the little ones.
vv15-20
If a professed Christian is wronged by another, he ought not to complain of it to others, as is often done merely upon report, but to go to the offender privately, state the matter kindly, and show him his conduct. This would generally have all the desired effect with a true Christian, and the parties would be reconciled. The principles of these rules may be practised every where, and under all circumstances, though they are too much neglected by all. But how few try the method which Christ has expressly enjoined to all his disciples! In all our proceedings we should seek direction in prayer; we cannot too highly prize the promises of God. Wherever and whenever we meet in the name of Christ, we should consider him as present in the midst of us.
Key Words
ἐν (en): "in," at, (up-)on, by, etc.
ἐκεῖνος (ekeînos): that one (or (neuter) thing); often intensified by the article prefixed
ὥρα (hṓra): an "hour" (literally or figuratively)
μαθητής (mathētḗs): a learner, i.e. pupil
προσέρχομαι (prosérchomai): to approach, i.e. (literally) come near, visit, or (figuratively) worship, assent to
Ἰησοῦς (Iēsoûs): Jesus (i.e. Jehoshua), the name of our Lord and two (three) other Israelites
λέγω (légō): properly, to "lay" forth, i.e. (figuratively) relate (in words (usually of systematic or set discourse; whereas G2036 (ἔπω) and G5346 (φημί) generally refer to an individual expression or speech respectively; while G4483 (ῥέω) is properly to break silence merely, and G2980 (λαλέω) means an extended or random harangue)); by implication, to mean
ἐστί (estí): he (she or it) is; also (with neuter plural) they are
μείζων (meízōn): larger (literally or figuratively, specially, in age)
βασιλεία (basileía): properly, royalty, i.e. (abstractly) rule, or (concretely) a realm (literally or figuratively)
Cross References
Matthew 18Parallel account of the disciples' dispute about who is the greatest on the way to Capernaum.
Supported by Matthew Poole, John Calvin, JFB
The parallel parable of the lost sheep, emphasizing the Shepherd's diligent search and recovery.
Supported by JFB
The keys, binding, and loosing previously given to Peter are here extended to all the apostles.
Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB
Old Testament law requiring two or three witnesses to establish a matter in dispute.
Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB
Parallels the apostolic authority to remit or retain sins, matching binding and loosing.
Supported by JFB
Another instance where the disciples exhibit worldly ambition, seeking chief seats in Christ's kingdom.
Supported by Matthew Poole
Parallel exhortation to sever offending hand, foot, or eye to avoid hell fire.
Supported by John Calvin
Confirms the ministry of angels sent to serve those who will inherit salvation.
Supported by JFB
Parallel instruction on rebuking an offending brother privately and forgiving him upon repentance.
Supported by JFB
Christ's promise of His perpetual presence with His gathered disciples matches 'there am I'.
Supported by Matthew Henry
Old Testament model of a soul quieted and humbled like a weaned child.
Supported by Matthew Henry
Parallel teaching on receiving Christ's messengers and little ones as receiving Christ Himself.
Supported by Matthew Henry
Earlier instruction in the Sermon on the Mount to pluck out an offending eye.
Supported by Matthew Henry
Parallel declaration that the Son of man came to seek and save the lost.
Supported by Matthew Henry
Paul's instruction on church assembly action regarding unrepentant, persistent sin.
Supported by JFB
Apostolic instruction to forgive one another even as Christ forgave you.
Supported by Matthew Henry
Illustrates the ancient legal practice of selling a debtor and his children into slavery.
Supported by Matthew Henry
Exhortation to be kind and forgiving, based on God forgiving us in Christ.
Supported by Matthew Henry
The Lord's Prayer link between receiving divine forgiveness and forgiving our debtors.
Supported by Matthew Henry
Identical plea for patience, contrasting the master's mercy with the servant's cruelty.
Supported by Matthew Henry