2 Chronicles23
World English Bible · Public Domain
1In the seventh year, Jehoiada strengthened himself, and took the captains of hundreds—Azariah the son of Jeroham, Ishmael the son of Jehohanan, Azariah the son of Obed, Maaseiah the son of Adaiah, and Elishaphat the son of Zichri—into a covenant with him.
2They went around in Judah and gathered the Levites out of all the cities of Judah, and the heads of fathers’ households of Israel, and they came to Jerusalem.
3All the assembly made a covenant with the king in God’s house. Jehoiada said to them, “Behold, the king’s son must reign, as Yahweh has spoken concerning the sons of David.
4This is the thing that you must do: a third part of you, who come in on the Sabbath, of the priests and of the Levites, shall be gatekeepers of the thresholds.
5A third part shall be at the king’s house; and a third part at the gate of the foundation. All the people will be in the courts of Yahweh’s house.
6But let no one come into Yahweh’s house except the priests and those who minister of the Levites. They shall come in, for they are holy, but all the people shall follow Yahweh’s instructions.
7The Levites shall surround the king, every man with his weapons in his hand. Whoever comes into the house, let him be slain. Be with the king when he comes in and when he goes out.”
8So the Levites and all Judah did according to all that Jehoiada the priest commanded. They each took his men, those who were to come in on the Sabbath, with those who were to go out on the Sabbath, for Jehoiada the priest didn’t dismiss the shift.
9Jehoiada the priest delivered to the captains of hundreds the spears, bucklers, and shields that had been king David’s, which were in God’s house.
10He set all the people, every man with his weapon in his hand, from the right side of the house to the left side of the house, near the altar and the house, around the king.
11Then they brought out the king’s son, put the crown on him, gave him the covenant, and made him king. Jehoiada and his sons anointed him, and they said, “Long live the king!”
12When Athaliah heard the noise of the people running and praising the king, she came to the people into Yahweh’s house.
13Then she looked, and behold, the king stood by his pillar at the entrance, with the captains and the trumpeters by the king. All the people of the land rejoiced and blew trumpets. The singers also played musical instruments, and led the singing of praise. Then Athaliah tore her clothes, and said, “Treason! treason!”
14Jehoiada the priest brought out the captains of hundreds who were set over the army, and said to them, “Bring her out between the ranks; and whoever follows her, let him be slain with the sword.” For the priest said, “Don’t kill her in Yahweh’s house.”
15So they made way for her. She went to the entrance of the horse gate to the king’s house; and they killed her there.
16Jehoiada made a covenant between himself, all the people, and the king, that they should be Yahweh’s people.
17All the people went to the house of Baal, broke it down, broke his altars and his images in pieces, and killed Mattan the priest of Baal before the altars.
18Jehoiada appointed the officers of Yahweh’s house under the hand of the Levitical priests, whom David had distributed in Yahweh’s house, to offer the burnt offerings of Yahweh, as it is written in the law of Moses, with rejoicing and with singing, as David had ordered.
19He set the gatekeepers at the gates of Yahweh’s house, that no one who was unclean in anything should enter in.
20He took the captains of hundreds, the nobles, the governors of the people, and all the people of the land, and brought the king down from Yahweh’s house. They came through the upper gate to the king’s house, and set the king on the throne of the kingdom.
21So all the people of the land rejoiced, and the city was quiet. They had slain Athaliah with the sword.
Study Guide
Public-domain commentary and original-language notes for 2 Chronicles 23.
Chapter Summary
In this chapter: Joash crowned, and Athaliah slain. (1-21).
vv1-21
To look upon ourselves and each other as the Lord's people, should make us earnest in the discharge of our duty both to God and man. Thus was this happy revolution brought about, and the people rejoiced. When the Son of David is enthroned in the soul, all is quiet, and joyful. See 2Ki 11.
Key Words
שְׁבִיעִי: seventh
שָׁנֶה: a year (as a revolution of time)
יְהוֹיָדָע: Jehojada, the name of three Israelites
לָקַח: to take (in the widest variety of applications)
חָזַק: to fasten upon; hence, to seize, be strong (figuratively, courageous, causatively strengthen, cure, help, repair, fortify), obstinate; to bind, restrain, conquer
בְּרִית: a compact (because made by passing between pieces of flesh)
שַׂר: a head person (of any rank or class)
מֵאָה: a hundred; also as a multiplicative and a fraction
עֲזַרְיָה: Azarjah, the name of nineteen Israelites
בֵּן: a son (as a builder of the family name), in the widest sense (of literal and figurative relationship, including grandson, subject, nation, quality or condition, etc., (like father or brother), etc.)
Cross References
2 Chronicles 23Parallel account of Jehoiada's revolt against Athaliah and the coronation of young king Joash.
Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB
The king is given the 'testimony', complying with the law that kings keep a copy of the law.
Supported by JFB
Parallel description of the renewal of the covenant between the king, the people, and the Lord.
Supported by Matthew Henry, JFB
Parallel text for the destruction of the house of Baal and execution of Mattan his priest.
Supported by Matthew Poole
The Davidic promise referenced by Jehoiada that a son of David must reign.
Supported by Matthew Poole
Parallel text detailing how Athaliah was taken to the horse gate and slain.
Supported by JFB
David's organization of the Levitical courses, which Jehoiada utilizes and retains during the crisis.
Supported by JFB
The brazen scaffold built by Solomon, likely where Joash stood at his pillar.
Supported by JFB
Alternative reading of 'testimony' as royal regalia or bracelets, similar to Saul's insignia.
Supported by JFB
Zechariah, Jehoiada's son who helped anoint Joash, is later murdered by Joash's command.
Supported by Matthew Poole
Parallel text on the joy of the people and the city being quiet after Athaliah's death.
Supported by Matthew Henry
Details David's orchestration of musical instruments and worship orders followed by Jehoiada.
Supported by Matthew Poole
David's appointment of the gatekeepers/porters, whose structure Jehoiada restores.
Supported by Matthew Poole