Judges 13WEB
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Judges13

World English Bible · Public Domain

1The children of Israel again did that which was evil in Yahweh’s sight; and Yahweh delivered them into the hand of the Philistines forty years.

2There was a certain man of Zorah, of the family of the Danites, whose name was Manoah; and his wife was barren, and childless.

3Yahweh’s angel appeared to the woman, and said to her, “See now, you are barren and childless; but you shall conceive and bear a son.

4Now therefore please beware and drink no wine nor strong drink, and don’t eat any unclean thing;

5for, behold, you shall conceive and give birth to a son. No razor shall come on his head, for the child shall be a Nazirite to God from the womb. He shall begin to save Israel out of the hand of the Philistines.”

6Then the woman came and told her husband, saying, “A man of God came to me, and his face was like the face of the angel of God, very awesome. I didn’t ask him where he was from, neither did he tell me his name;

7but he said to me, ‘Behold, you shall conceive and bear a son; and now drink no wine nor strong drink. Don’t eat any unclean thing, for the child shall be a Nazirite to God from the womb to the day of his death.’”

8Then Manoah entreated Yahweh, and said, “Oh, Lord, please let the man of God whom you sent come again to us, and teach us what we should do to the child who shall be born.”

9God listened to the voice of Manoah, and the angel of God came again to the woman as she sat in the field; but Manoah, her husband, wasn’t with her.

10The woman hurried and ran, and told her husband, saying to him, “Behold, the man who came to me that day has appeared to me.”

11Manoah arose and followed his wife, and came to the man, and said to him, “Are you the man who spoke to my wife?” He said, “I am.”

12Manoah said, “Now let your words happen. What shall the child’s way of life and mission be?”

13Yahweh’s angel said to Manoah, “Of all that I said to the woman let her beware.

14She may not eat of anything that comes of the vine, neither let her drink wine or strong drink, nor eat any unclean thing. Let her observe all that I commanded her.”

15Manoah said to Yahweh’s angel, “Please stay with us, that we may make a young goat ready for you.”

16Yahweh’s angel said to Manoah, “Though you detain me, I won’t eat your bread. If you will prepare a burnt offering, you must offer it to Yahweh.” For Manoah didn’t know that he was Yahweh’s angel.

17Manoah said to Yahweh’s angel, “What is your name, that when your words happen, we may honor you?”

18Yahweh’s angel said to him, “Why do you ask about my name, since it is incomprehensible?”

19So Manoah took the young goat with the meal offering, and offered it on the rock to Yahweh. Then the angel did an amazing thing as Manoah and his wife watched.

20For when the flame went up toward the sky from off the altar, Yahweh’s angel ascended in the flame of the altar. Manoah and his wife watched; and they fell on their faces to the ground.

21But Yahweh’s angel didn’t appear to Manoah or to his wife any more. Then Manoah knew that he was Yahweh’s angel.

22Manoah said to his wife, “We shall surely die, because we have seen God.”

23But his wife said to him, “If Yahweh were pleased to kill us, he wouldn’t have received a burnt offering and a meal offering at our hand, and he wouldn’t have shown us all these things, nor would he have told us such things as these at this time.”

24The woman bore a son and named him Samson. The child grew, and Yahweh blessed him.

25Yahweh’s Spirit began to move him in Mahaneh Dan, between Zorah and Eshtaol.

Study Guide

Public-domain commentary and original-language notes for Judges 13.

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Chapter Summary

In this chapter: The Philistines, Samson announced. (1–7). The angel appears to Manoah. (8–14). Manoah's sacrifice. (15–23). Birth of Samson. (24, 25).

vv1-7

Israel did evil: then God delivered them again into the hands of the Philistines. When Israel was in this distress, Samson was born. His parents had been long childless. Many eminent persons were born of such mothers. Mercies long waited for, often prove signal mercies; and by them others may be encouraged to continue their hope in God's mercy. The angel notices her affliction. God often sends comfort to his people very seasonably, when they feel their troubles most. This deliverer of Israel must be devoted to God. Manoah's wife was satisfied that the messenger was of God. She gave her husband a particular account, both of the promise and of the precept. Husbands and wives should tell each other their experiences of communion with God, and their improvements in acquaintance with him, that they may help each other in the way that is holy.

vv8-14

Blessed are those who have not seen, and yet, as Manoah, have believed. Good men are more careful and desirous to know the duty to be done by them, than to know the events concerning them: duty is ours, events are God's. God will guide those by his counsel, who desire to know their duty, and apply to him to teach them. Pious parents, especially, will beg Divine assistance. The angel repeats the directions he had before given. There is need of much care for the right ordering both of ourselves and our children, that we may be duly separate from the world, and living sacrifices to the Lord.

vv15-23

What Manoah asked for instruction in his duty, he was readily told; but what he asked to gratify his curiosity, was denied. God has in his word given full directions concerning our duty, but never designed to answer other questionings. There are secret things which belong not to us, of which we must be quite contented to be ignorant, while in this world. The name of our Lord is wonderful and secret; but by his wonderful works he makes himself known as far as is needful for us. Prayer is the ascent of the soul to God. But without Christ in the heart by faith, our services are offensive smoke; in him, acceptable flame. We may apply this to Christ's sacrifice of himself for us; he ascended in the flame of his own offering, for by his own blood he entered in once into the holy place, Heb 9:12. In Manoah's reflections there is great fear; We shall surely die. In his wife's reflection there is great faith. As a help meet for him, she encouraged him. Let believers who have had communion with God in the word and prayer, to whom he has graciously manifested himself, and who have had reason to think God has accepted their works, take encouragement from thence in a cloudy and dark day. God would not have done what he has done for my soul, if he had designed to forsake me, and leave me to perish at last; for his work is perfect. Learn to reason as Manoah's wife; If God designed me to perish under his wrath, he would not give me tokens of his favour.

Cross References

Judges 13
v5Numbers 6:2thematic

Establishes the standard legal requirements for a Nazarite vow, which Samson was called to from birth.

Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB

v5Numbers 6:5thematic

Direct law specifying that no razor shall touch the head of a dedicated Nazarite.

Supported by Matthew Poole

v18Isaiah 9:6typology

Connects the Angel's 'secret' (or 'Wonderful') name with the Messianic title in Isaiah.

Supported by Matthew Henry, JFB

v18Genesis 32:29thematic

Parallel inquiry of a divine messenger's name, where the name is likewise withheld as secret.

Supported by Matthew Poole

v20Judges 6:21thematic

Similar miraculous sign of fire consuming a sacrifice and the Angel's sudden departure.

Supported by Matthew Poole

v22Judges 6:22thematic

Parallel terror of Gideon realizing he had seen the Angel of the Lord face-to-face.

Supported by Matthew Poole

v22Exodus 33:20thematic

The foundational law that no man can see God's face and live, prompting Manoah's terror.

Supported by Matthew Poole

v4Luke 1:15thematic

New Testament parallel of John the Baptist, who was also forbidden wine from the womb.

Supported by Matthew Henry

v51 Samuel 1:11thematic

Hannah's parallel vow dedicating her unborn son Samuel as a lifelong Nazarite.

Supported by Matthew Poole

v15Genesis 18:5thematic

Abrahamic precedent of offering hospitable food to travelers who were actually divine visitors.

Supported by Matthew Poole

v24Hebrews 11:32thematic

New Testament Hall of Faith commendation of Samson as a divinely raised deliverer.

Supported by Matthew Henry

v1Judges 15:20thematic

Confirms Samson only began deliverance, judging Israel twenty years during the forty-year Philistine oppression.

Supported by Matthew Poole

v2Joshua 15:33thematic

Geographical identification of Zorah on the border of Judah and Dan.

Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB

v25Judges 14:6thematic

Illustrates how the Spirit of the Lord actively empowered Samson for acts of physical deliverance.

Supported by Matthew Henry, JFB