2 Samuel 13KJV
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2 Samuel13

King James Version · Public Domain

1And it came to pass after this, that Absalom the son of David had a fair sister, whose name was Tamar; and Amnon the son of David loved her.

2And Amnon was so vexed, that he fell sick for his sister Tamar; for she was a virgin; and Amnon thought it hard for him to do any thing to her.

3But Amnon had a friend, whose name was Jonadab, the son of Shimeah David's brother: and Jonadab was a very subtil man.

4And he said unto him, Why art thou, being the king's son, lean from day to day? wilt thou not tell me? And Amnon said unto him, I love Tamar, my brother Absalom's sister.

5And Jonadab said unto him, Lay thee down on thy bed, and make thyself sick: and when thy father cometh to see thee, say unto him, I pray thee, let my sister Tamar come, and give me meat, and dress the meat in my sight, that I may see it, and eat it at her hand.

6So Amnon lay down, and made himself sick: and when the king was come to see him, Amnon said unto the king, I pray thee, let Tamar my sister come, and make me a couple of cakes in my sight, that I may eat at her hand.

7Then David sent home to Tamar, saying, Go now to thy brother Amnon's house, and dress him meat.

8So Tamar went to her brother Amnon's house; and he was laid down. And she took flour, and kneaded it, and made cakes in his sight, and did bake the cakes.

9And she took a pan, and poured them out before him; but he refused to eat. And Amnon said, Have out all men from me. And they went out every man from him.

10And Amnon said unto Tamar, Bring the meat into the chamber, that I may eat of thine hand. And Tamar took the cakes which she had made, and brought them into the chamber to Amnon her brother.

11And when she had brought them unto him to eat, he took hold of her, and said unto her, Come lie with me, my sister.

12And she answered him, Nay, my brother, do not force me; for no such thing ought to be done in Israel: do not thou this folly.

13And I, whither shall I cause my shame to go? and as for thee, thou shalt be as one of the fools in Israel. Now therefore, I pray thee, speak unto the king; for he will not withhold me from thee.

14Howbeit he would not hearken unto her voice: but, being stronger than she, forced her, and lay with her.

15Then Amnon hated her exceedingly; so that the hatred wherewith he hated her was greater than the love wherewith he had loved her. And Amnon said unto her, Arise, be gone.

16And she said unto him, There is no cause: this evil in sending me away is greater than the other that thou didst unto me. But he would not hearken unto her.

17Then he called his servant that ministered unto him, and said, Put now this woman out from me, and bolt the door after her.

18And she had a garment of divers colours upon her: for with such robes were the king's daughters that were virgins apparelled. Then his servant brought her out, and bolted the door after her.

19And Tamar put ashes on her head, and rent her garment of divers colours that was on her, and laid her hand on her head, and went on crying.

20And Absalom her brother said unto her, Hath Amnon thy brother been with thee? but hold now thy peace, my sister: he is thy brother; regard not this thing. So Tamar remained desolate in her brother Absalom's house.

21But when king David heard of all these things, he was very wroth.

22And Absalom spake unto his brother Amnon neither good nor bad: for Absalom hated Amnon, because he had forced his sister Tamar.

23And it came to pass after two full years, that Absalom had sheepshearers in Baal–hazor, which is beside Ephraim: and Absalom invited all the king's sons.

24And Absalom came to the king, and said, Behold now, thy servant hath sheepshearers; let the king, I beseech thee, and his servants go with thy servant.

25And the king said to Absalom, Nay, my son, let us not all now go, lest we be chargeable unto thee. And he pressed him: howbeit he would not go, but blessed him.

26Then said Absalom, If not, I pray thee, let my brother Amnon go with us. And the king said unto him, Why should he go with thee?

27But Absalom pressed him, that he let Amnon and all the king's sons go with him.

28Now Absalom had commanded his servants, saying, Mark ye now when Amnon's heart is merry with wine, and when I say unto you, Smite Amnon; then kill him, fear not: have not I commanded you? be courageous, and be valiant.

29And the servants of Absalom did unto Amnon as Absalom had commanded. Then all the king's sons arose, and every man gat him up upon his mule, and fled.

30And it came to pass, while they were in the way, that tidings came to David, saying, Absalom hath slain all the king's sons, and there is not one of them left.

31Then the king arose, and tare his garments, and lay on the earth; and all his servants stood by with their clothes rent.

32And Jonadab, the son of Shimeah David's brother, answered and said, Let not my lord suppose that they have slain all the young men the king's sons; for Amnon only is dead: for by the appointment of Absalom this hath been determined from the day that he forced his sister Tamar.

33Now therefore let not my lord the king take the thing to his heart, to think that all the king's sons are dead: for Amnon only is dead.

34But Absalom fled. And the young man that kept the watch lifted up his eyes, and looked, and, behold, there came much people by the way of the hill side behind him.

35And Jonadab said unto the king, Behold, the king's sons come: as thy servant said, so it is.

36And it came to pass, as soon as he had made an end of speaking, that, behold, the king's sons came, and lifted up their voice and wept: and the king also and all his servants wept very sore.

37But Absalom fled, and went to Talmai, the son of Ammihud, king of Geshur. And David mourned for his son every day.

38So Absalom fled, and went to Geshur, and was there three years.

39And the soul of king David longed to go forth unto Absalom: for he was comforted concerning Amnon, seeing he was dead.

Study Guide

Public-domain commentary and original-language notes for 2 Samuel 13.

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Chapter Summary

In this chapter: Ammon's violence to his sister. (1–20). Absalom murders his brother Ammon. (21–29). David's grief, Absalom flees to Geshur. (30–39).

vv1-20

From henceforward David was followed with one trouble after another. Adultery and murder were David's sins, the like sins among his children were the beginnings of his punishment: he was too indulgent to his children. Thus David might trace the sins of his children to his own misconduct, which must have made the anguish of the chastisement worse. Let no one ever expect good treatment from those who are capable of attempting their seduction; but it is better to suffer the greatest wrong than to commit the least sin.

vv21-29

Observe the aggravations of Absalom's sin: he would have Ammon slain, when least fit to go out of the world. He engaged his servants in the guilt. Those servants are ill-taught who obey wicked masters, against God's commands. Indulged children always prove crosses to godly parents, whose foolish love leads them to neglect their duty to God.

vv30-39

Jonadab was as guilty of Ammon's death, as of his sin; such false friends do they prove, who counsel us to do wickedly. Instead of loathing Absalom as a murderer, David, after a time, longed to go forth to him. This was David's infirmity: God saw something in his heart that made a difference, else we should have thought that he, as much as Eli, honoured his sons more than God.

Cross References

2 Samuel 13
v212 Samuel 12:10fulfillment

Fulfills Nathan's prophecy that the sword would never depart from David's house because of his sin.

Supported by Matthew Henry, Matthew Poole

v12 Samuel 3:3thematic

Establishes parentage: Absalom and Tamar were children of Maachah, daughter of Talmai, king of Geshur.

Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB

v12Leviticus 18:11thematic

The Mosaic law explicitly forbids sexual relations with a half-sister or stepsister.

Supported by JFB

v31 Samuel 16:9thematic

Identifies Shimeah (Shammah) as David's brother, making Jonadab a first cousin to Amnon and Absalom.

Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB

v12Genesis 34:7thematic

Echoes 'folly in Israel' from Shechem's rape of Dinah; represents a grave violation of covenant holiness.

Supported by Matthew Poole

v13Genesis 20:12thematic

Tamar's appeal reflects Abraham's historical precedent of marrying his half-sister Sarah.

Supported by JFB

v18Genesis 37:3thematic

Parallels the 'garment of divers colours' worn by royal virgins, evoking Joseph's distinctive tunic.

Supported by JFB

v211 Samuel 2:22-25thematic

Parallels Eli's weak parental response to his sons' sins, leading to judgment.

Supported by Matthew Henry

v281 Samuel 25:36thematic

Amnon's murder while 'merry with wine' at a feast parallels Nabal's vulnerable, drunken state.

Supported by Matthew Henry

v392 Samuel 14:1thematic

Continues the narrative of David's heart leaning toward the exiled Absalom, leading to Joab's intervention.

Supported by Matthew Henry

v22Genesis 27:41thematic

Absalom's silent, nursing hatred of his brother Amnon resembles Esau's vow to murder Jacob.

Supported by JFB

v22Proverbs 26:24thematic

Highlights Absalom's dissimulation, concealing deep hatred behind long silence and normal interactions.

Supported by JFB

v231 Samuel 25:2thematic

Illustrates sheep-shearing as a festive time of hospitality, which Absalom weaponized for murder.

Supported by JFB

v282 Samuel 11:15thematic

Absalom's command to kill his brother mirrors David's written order to have Uriah killed.

Supported by Matthew Henry

v322 Samuel 13:3-5thematic

Jonadab's knowledge of the plot reveals his original role as Amnon's subtle advisor.

Supported by Matthew Poole