2 Chronicles26
American Standard Version · Public Domain
1And all the people of Judah took Uzziah, who was sixteen years old, and made him king in the room of his father Amaziah.
2He built Eloth, and restored it to Judah, after that the king slept with his fathers.
3Sixteen years old was Uzziah when he began to reign; and he reigned fifty and two years in Jerusalem: and his mother’s name was Jechiliah, of Jerusalem.
4And he did that which was right in the eyes of Jehovah, according to all that his father Amaziah had done.
5And he set himself to seek God in the days of Zechariah, who had understanding in the vision of God: and as long as he sought Jehovah, God made him to prosper.
6And he went forth and warred against the Philistines, and brake down the wall of Gath, and the wall of Jabneh, and the wall of Ashdod; and he built cities in the country of Ashdod, and among the Philistines.
7And God helped him against the Philistines, and against the Arabians that dwelt in Gur-baal, and the Meunim.
8And the Ammonites gave tribute to Uzziah: and his name spread abroad even to the entrance of Egypt; for he waxed exceeding strong.
9Moreover Uzziah built towers in Jerusalem at the corner gate, and at the valley gate, and at the turning of the wall, and fortified them.
10And he built towers in the wilderness, and hewed out many cisterns, for he had much cattle; in the lowland also, and in the plain: and he had husbandmen and vinedressers in the mountains and in the fruitful fields; for he loved husbandry.
11Moreover Uzziah had an army of fighting men, that went out to war by bands, according to the number of their reckoning made by Jeiel the scribe and Maaseiah the officer, under the hand of Hananiah, one of the king’s captains.
12The whole number of the heads of fathers’ houses, even the mighty men of valor, was two thousand and six hundred.
13And under their hand was an army, three hundred thousand and seven thousand and five hundred, that made war with mighty power, to help the king against the enemy.
14And Uzziah prepared for them, even for all the host, shields, and spears, and helmets, and coats of mail, and bows, and stones for slinging.
15And he made in Jerusalem engines, invented by skilful men, to be on the towers and upon the battlements, wherewith to shoot arrows and great stones. And his name spread far abroad; for he was marvellously helped, till he was strong.
16But when he was strong, his heart was lifted up, so that he did corruptly, and he trespassed against Jehovah his God; for he went into the temple of Jehovah to burn incense upon the altar of incense.
17And Azariah the priest went in after him, and with him fourscore priests of Jehovah, that were valiant men:
18and they withstood Uzziah the king, and said unto him, It pertaineth not unto thee, Uzziah, to burn incense unto Jehovah, but to the priests the sons of Aaron, that are consecrated to burn incense: go out of the sanctuary; for thou hast trespassed; neither shall it be for thine honor from Jehovah God.
19Then Uzziah was wroth; and he had a censer in his hand to burn incense; and while he was wroth with the priests, the leprosy brake forth in his forehead before the priests in the house of Jehovah, beside the altar of incense.
20And Azariah the chief priest, and all the priests, looked upon him, and, behold, he was leprous in his forehead, and they thrust him out quickly from thence; yea, himself hasted also to go out, because Jehovah had smitten him.
21And Uzziah the king was a leper unto the day of his death, and dwelt in a separate house, being a leper; for he was cut off from the house of Jehovah: and Jotham his son was over the king’s house, judging the people of the land.
22Now the rest of the acts of Uzziah, first and last, did Isaiah the prophet, the son of Amoz, write.
23So Uzziah slept with his fathers; and they buried him with his fathers in the field of burial which belonged to the kings; for they said, He is a leper: and Jotham his son reigned in his stead.
Study Guide
Public-domain commentary and original-language notes for 2 Chronicles 26.
Chapter Summary
In this chapter: Uzziah's good reign in Judah. (1–15). Uzziah's attempt to burn incense. (16–23).
vv1-15
As long as Uzziah sought the Lord, and minded religion, God made him to prosper. Those only prosper whom God makes to prosper; for prosperity is his gift. Many have owned, that as long as they sought the Lord, and kept close to their duty, they prospered; but when they forsook God, every thing went cross. God never continues either to bless the indolent or to withhold his blessing from the diligent. He will never suffer any to seek his face in vain. Uzziah's name was famed throughout all the neighbouring countries. A name with God and good people makes truly honourable. He did not delight in war, nor addict himself to sports, but delighted in husbandry.
vv16-23
The transgression of the kings before Uzziah was, forsaking the temple of the Lord, and burning incense upon idolatrous altars. But his transgression was, going into the holy place, and attempting to burn incense upon the altar of God. See how hard it is to avoid one extreme, and not run into another. Pride of heart was at the bottom of his sin; a lust that ruins many. Instead of lifting up the name God in gratitude to him who had done so much for him, his heart was lifted up to his hurt. Men's pretending to forbidden knowledge, and seeking things too high for them, are owing to pride of heart. The incense of our prayers must be, by faith, put into the hands of our Lord Jesus, the great High Priest of our profession, else we cannot expect it to be accepted by God, Re 8:3. Though Uzziah strove with the priests, he would not strive with his Maker. But he was punished for his transgression; he continued a leper to his death, shut out from society. The punishment answered the sin as face to face in a glass. Pride was at the bottom of his transgression, and thus God humbled him, and put dishonour upon him. Those that covet forbidden honours, forfeit allowed ones. Adam, by catching at the tree of knowledge which he might not eat of, debarred himself of the tree of life which he might have eaten of. Let all that read say, The Lord is righteous. And when the Lord sees good to throw prosperous and useful men aside, as broken vessels, if he raises up others to fill their places, they may rejoice to renounce all worldly concerns, and employ their remaining days in preparation for death.
Key Words
כֹּל: properly, the whole; hence, all, any or every (in the singular only, but often in a plural sense)
עַם: a people (as a congregated unit); specifically, a tribe (as those of Israel); hence (collectively) troops or attendants; figuratively, a flock
יְהוּדָה: Jehudah (or Judah), the name of five Israelites; also of the tribe descended from the first, and of its territory
לָקַח: to take (in the widest variety of applications)
עֻזִּיָּה: Uzzijah, the name of five Israelites
שָׁנֶה: a year (as a revolution of time)
בֵּן: a son (as a builder of the family name), in the widest sense (of literal and figurative relationship, including grandson, subject, nation, quality or condition, etc., (like father or brother), etc.)
מָלַךְ: to reign; inceptively, to ascend the throne; causatively, to induct into royalty; hence (by implication) to take counsel
תַּחַת: the bottom (as depressed); only adverbially, below (often with prepositional prefix underneath), in lieu of, etc.
אָב: father, in a literal and immediate, or figurative and remote application
Cross References
2 Chronicles 26The primary parallel account of Uzziah's (Azariah's) reign, leprosy, and co-regency with Jotham.
Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB
Documents Uzziah building/restoring Eloth (Elath) to Judah immediately following his father's death.
Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB
The historic warning that no stranger, not of Aaron's seed, should offer incense before the Lord.
Supported by Matthew Poole
The corner and valley gates of Jerusalem where Uzziah built towers were previously broken by Joash.
Supported by JFB
Identifies Azariah as the courageous priest who executed his office in Solomon's temple.
Supported by JFB
Parallel record of the Lord smiting the king with leprosy and his dwelling in a separate house.
Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB
Prophetic timeline marker dating Amos's ministry to the days of Uzziah and the great earthquake.
Supported by JFB
Parallels Uzziah's initial faithfulness under Zechariah with Joash's early faithfulness under Jehoiada.
Supported by Matthew Poole
Miriam's sudden outbreak of leprosy serves as the historical precedent of divine judgment for challenging authority.
Supported by Matthew Poole
The law requiring a leper to dwell alone, explaining why Uzziah was isolated in a separate house.
Supported by Matthew Henry
Isaiah's temple vision occurs specifically in the pivotal year that King Uzziah died.
Supported by Matthew Poole
Details the royal agricultural administration and husbandry, illustrating Uzziah's love for cultivating the land.
Supported by Matthew Poole
Classic proverb describing Uzziah's trajectory: pride goes before destruction, and a haughty spirit before a fall.
Supported by Matthew Henry
Explicitly separates Aaron and his sons to sanctify the most holy things and burn incense.
Supported by Matthew Poole
Refers to the historical panic when the people fled the massive earthquake in Uzziah's days.
Supported by JFB