Acts10
American Standard Version · Public Domain
1Now there was a certain man in Caesarea, Cornelius by name, a centurion of the band called the Italian band,
2a devout man, and one that feared God with all his house, who gave much alms to the people, and prayed to God always.
3He saw in a vision openly, as it were about the ninth hour of the day, an angel of God coming in unto him, and saying to him, Cornelius.
4And he, fastening his eyes upon him, and being affrighted, said, What is it, Lord? And he said unto him, Thy prayers and thine alms are gone up for a memorial before God.
5And now send men to Joppa, and fetch one Simon, who is surnamed Peter:
6he lodgeth with one Simon a tanner, whose house is by the sea side.
7And when the angel that spake unto him was departed, he called two of his household-servants, and a devout soldier of them that waited on him continually;
8and having rehearsed all things unto them, he sent them to Joppa.
9Now on the morrow, as they were on their journey, and drew nigh unto the city, Peter went up upon the housetop to pray, about the sixth hour:
10and he became hungry, and desired to eat: but while they made ready, he fell into a trance;
11and he beholdeth the heaven opened, and a certain vessel descending, as it were a great sheet, let down by four corners upon the earth:
12wherein were all manner of fourfooted beasts and creeping things of the earth and birds of the heaven.
13And there came a voice to him, Rise, Peter; kill and eat.
14But Peter said, Not so, Lord; for I have never eaten anything that is common and unclean.
15And a voice came unto him again the second time, What God hath cleansed, make not thou common.
16And this was done thrice: and straightway the vessel was received up into heaven.
17Now while Peter was much perplexed in himself what the vision which he had seen might mean, behold, the men that were sent by Cornelius, having made inquiry for Simon’s house, stood before the gate,
18and called and asked whether Simon, who was surnamed Peter, were lodging there.
19And while Peter thought on the vision, the Spirit said unto him, Behold, three men seek thee.
20But arise, and get thee down, and go with them, nothing doubting: for I have sent them.
21And Peter went down to the men, and said, Behold, I am he whom ye seek: what is the cause wherefore ye are come?
22And they said, Cornelius a centurion, a righteous man and one that feareth God, and well reported of by all the nation of the Jews, was warned of God by a holy angel to send for thee into his house, and to hear words from thee.
23So he called them in and lodged them. And on the morrow he arose and went forth with them, and certain of the brethren from Joppa accompanied him.
24And on the morrow they entered into Caesarea. And Cornelius was waiting for them, having called together his kinsmen and his near friends.
25And when it came to pass that Peter entered, Cornelius met him, and fell down at his feet, and worshipped him.
26But Peter raised him up, saying, Stand up; I myself also am a man.
27And as he talked with him, he went in, and findeth many come together:
28and he said unto them, Ye yourselves know how it is an unlawful thing for a man that is a Jew to join himself or come unto one of another nation; and yet unto me hath God showed that I should not call any man common or unclean:
29wherefore also I came without gainsaying, when I was sent for. I ask therefore with what intent ye sent for me.
30And Cornelius said, Four days ago, until this hour, I was keeping the ninth hour of prayer in my house; and behold, a man stood before me in bright apparel,
31and saith, Cornelius, thy prayer is heard, and thine alms are had in remembrance in the sight of God.
32Send therefore to Joppa, and call unto thee Simon, who is surnamed Peter; he lodgeth in the house of Simon a tanner, by the sea side.
33Forthwith therefore I sent to thee; and thou hast well done that thou art come. Now therefore we are all here present in the sight of God, to hear all things that have been commanded thee of the Lord.
34And Peter opened his mouth, and said, Of a truth I perceive that God is no respecter of persons:
35but in every nation he that feareth him, and worketh righteousness, is acceptable to him.
36The word which he sent unto the children of Israel, preaching good tidings of peace by Jesus Christ (he is Lord of all)—
37that saying ye yourselves know, which was published throughout all Judaea, beginning from Galilee, after the baptism which John preached;
38even Jesus of Nazareth, how God anointed him with the Holy Spirit and with power: who went about doing good, and healing all that were oppressed of the devil; for God was with him.
39And we are witnesses of all things which he did both in the country of the Jews, and in Jerusalem; whom also they slew, hanging him on a tree.
40Him God raised up the third day, and gave him to be made manifest,
41not to all the people, but unto witnesses that were chosen before of God, even to us, who ate and drank with him after he rose from the dead.
42And he charged us to preach unto the people, and to testify that this is he who is ordained of God to be the Judge of the living and the dead.
43To him bear all the prophets witness, that through his name every one that believeth on him shall receive remission of sins.
44While Peter yet spake these words, the Holy Spirit fell on all them that heard the word.
45And they of the circumcision that believed were amazed, as many as came with Peter, because that on the Gentiles also was poured out the gift of the Holy Spirit.
46For they heard them speak with tongues, and magnify God. Then answered Peter,
47Can any man forbid the water, that these should not be baptized, who have received the Holy Spirit as well as we?
48And he commanded them to be baptized in the name of Jesus Christ. Then prayed they him to tarry certain days.
Study Guide
Public-domain commentary and original-language notes for Acts 10.
Chapter Summary
In this chapter: Cornelius directed to send for Peter. (1–8). Peter's vision. (9–18). He goes to Cornelius. (19–33). His discourse to Cornelius. (34–43). The gifts of the Holy Spirit poured out. (44–48).
vv1-8
Hitherto none had been baptized into the Christian church but Jews, Samaritans, and those converts who had been circumcised and observed the ceremonial law; but now the Gentiles were to be called to partake all the privileges of God's people, without first becoming Jews. Pure and undefiled religion is sometimes found where we least expect it. Wherever the fear of God rules in the heart, it will appear both in works of charity and of piety, neither will excuse from the other. Doubtless Cornelius had true faith in God's word, as far as he understood it, though not as yet clear faith in Christ. This was the work of the Spirit of God, through the mediation of Jesus, even before Cornelius knew him, as is the case with us all when we, who before were dead in sin, are made alive. Through Christ also his prayers and alms were accepted, which otherwise would have been rejected. Without dispute or delay Cornelius was obedient to the heavenly vision. In the affairs of our souls, let us not lose time.
vv9-18
The prejudices of Peter against the Gentiles, would have prevented his going to Cornelius, unless the Lord had prepared him for this service. To tell a Jew that God had directed those animals to be reckoned clean which were hitherto deemed unclean, was in effect saying, that the law of Moses was done away. Peter was soon made to know the meaning of it. God knows what services are before us, and how to prepare us; and we know the meaning of what he has taught us, when we find what occasion we have to make use of it.
vv19-33
When we see our call clear to any service, we should not be perplexed with doubts and scruples arising from prejudices or former ideas. Cornelius had called together his friends, to partake with him of the heavenly wisdom he expected from Peter. We should not covet to eat our spiritual morsels alone. It ought to be both given and taken as kindness and respect to our kindred and friends, to invite them to join us in religious exercises. Cornelius declared the direction God gave him to send for Peter. We are right in our aims in attending a gospel ministry, when we do it with regard to the Divine appointment requiring us to make use of that ordinance. How seldom ministers are called to speak to such companies, however small, in which it may be said that they are all present in the sight of God, to hear all things that are commanded of God! But these were ready to hear what Peter was commanded of God to say.
Key Words
Καισάρεια (Kaisáreia): Cæsaria, the name of two places in Palestine
ἦν (ēn): I (thou, etc.) was (wast or were)
τὶς (tìs): some or any person or object
ἀνήρ (anḗr): a man (properly as an individual male)
ὄνομα (ónoma): a "name" (literally or figuratively) (authority, character)
Κορνήλιος (Kornḗlios): Cornelius, a Roman
ἑκατοντάρχης (hekatontárchēs): the captain of one hundred men
ἐκ (ek): literal or figurative; direct or remote)
καλέω (kaléō): to "call" (properly, aloud, but used in a variety of applications, directly or otherwise)
Ἰταλικός (Italikós): Italic, i.e. belonging to Italia
Cross References
Acts 10Peter's own subsequent recital of his Joppa vision to the Jerusalem church, confirming details.
Supported by Matthew Henry, JFB
The Mosaic law code distinguishing clean and unclean beasts, which the vision explicitly rescinds.
Supported by Matthew Henry, JFB
Parallel refusal of human worship by Paul and Barnabas, echoing Peter's 'I myself am a man.'
Supported by Matthew Poole, John Calvin
The prophetic description of the Messiah being anointed with the Holy Ghost and power.
Supported by Matthew Henry
Peter later appeals to this event to prove God's acceptance of uncircumcised Gentiles.
Supported by JFB
Paul's theological conclusion that no food is unclean of itself, aligning with Peter's vision.
Supported by Matthew Henry, JFB
The doubling or tripling of a vision indicates the thing is established by God.
Supported by JFB
The foundational Old Testament declaration that God does not respect persons.
Supported by Matthew Henry, John Calvin
Pauline exposition that there is no difference between Jew and Greek; Christ is Lord over all.
Supported by Matthew Henry, JFB
The gift of the Holy Ghost poured out, mirroring the initial Jewish Pentecost.
Supported by JFB
Like Abraham, Cornelius is commended for leading his entire household to fear God.
Supported by Matthew Poole
Daniel receiving an angelic vision during the time of the evening sacrifice, the ninth hour.
Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB
Internal link confirming Cornelius's prayers and alms as the memorial mentioned by the angel.
Supported by Matthew Henry, Matthew Poole
Historical proof of resurrection: the disciples eating and drinking with Jesus after He rose.
Supported by Matthew Henry
Another Roman centurion commended for loving the Jewish nation and giving alms.
Supported by JFB