Acts10
New American Standard
1Now there was a man in Caesarea named Cornelius, a centurion of what was called the Italian cohort,
2a devout man and one who feared God with all his household, and made many charitable contributions to the Jewish people and prayed to God continually.
3About the ninth hour of the day he clearly saw in a vision an angel of God who had just come in and said to him, “Cornelius!”
4And he looked at him intently and became terrified, and said, “What is it, lord?” And he said to him, “Your prayers and charitable gifts have ascended as a memorial offering before God.
5Now dispatch some men to Joppa and send for a man named Simon, who is also called Peter;
6he is staying with a tanner named Simon, whose house is by the sea.”
7When the angel who spoke to him left, he summoned two of his servants and a devout soldier from his personal attendants,
8and after he had explained everything to them, he sent them to Joppa.
9On the next day, as they were on their way and approaching the city, Peter went up on the housetop about the sixth hour to pray.
10But he became hungry and wanted to eat; but while they were making preparations, he fell into a trance;
11and he saw the sky opened up, and an object like a great sheet coming down, lowered by four corners to the ground,
12and on it were all kinds of four-footed animals and crawling creatures of the earth and birds of the sky.
13A voice came to him, “Get up, Peter, kill and eat!”
14But Peter said, “By no means, Lord, for I have never eaten anything unholy and unclean.”
15Again a voice came to him a second time, “What God has cleansed, no longer consider unholy.”
16This happened three times, and immediately the object was taken up into the sky.
17Now while Peter was greatly perplexed in mind as to what the vision which he had seen might mean, behold, the men who had been sent by Cornelius had asked directions to Simon’s house, and they appeared at the gate;
18and calling out, they were asking whether Simon, who was also called Peter, was staying there.
19While Peter was reflecting on the vision, the Spirit said to him, “Behold, three men are looking for you.
20But get up, go downstairs and accompany them without misgivings, for I have sent them Myself.”
21Peter went down to the men and said, “Behold, I am the one you are looking for; what is the reason for which you have come?”
22They said, “Cornelius, a centurion, a righteous and God-fearing man well spoken of by the entire nation of the Jews, was divinely directed by a holy angel to send for you to come to his house and hear a message from you.”
23So he invited them in and gave them lodging. Now on the next day he got ready and went away with them, and some of the brothers from Joppa accompanied him.
24On the following day he entered Caesarea. Now Cornelius was expecting them and had called together his relatives and close friends.
25When Peter entered, Cornelius met him, and fell at his feet and worshiped him.
26But Peter helped him up, saying, “Stand up; I, too, am just a man.”
27As he talked with him, he entered and found many people assembled.
28And he said to them, “You yourselves know that it is forbidden for a Jewish man to associate with or visit a foreigner; and yet God has shown me that I am not to call any person unholy or unclean.
29That is why I came without even raising any objection when I was sent for. So I ask, for what reason did you send for me?”
30Cornelius said, “Four days ago to this hour, I was praying in my house during the ninth hour; and behold, a man stood before me in shining clothing,
31and he said, ‘Cornelius, your prayer has been heard and your charitable gifts have been remembered before God.
32Therefore send some men to Joppa and invite Simon, who is also called Peter, to come to you; he is staying at the house of Simon the tanner, by the sea.’
33So I sent men to you immediately, and you have been kind enough to come. Now then, we are all here present before God to hear everything that you have been commanded by the Lord.”
34Opening his mouth, Peter said: “I most certainly understand now that God is not one to show partiality,
35but in every nation the one who fears Him and does what is right is acceptable to Him.
36The word which He sent to the sons of Israel, preaching peace through Jesus Christ (He is Lord of all)—
37you yourselves know the thing that happened throughout Judea, starting from Galilee, after the baptism which John proclaimed.
38You know of Jesus of Nazareth, how God anointed Him with the Holy Spirit and with power, and how He went about doing good and healing all who were oppressed by the devil, for God was with Him.
39We are witnesses of all the things that He did both in the country of the Jews and in Jerusalem. They also put Him to death by hanging Him on a cross.
40God raised Him up on the third day and granted that He be revealed,
41not to all the people, but to witnesses who had been chosen beforehand by God, that is, to us who ate and drank with Him after He arose from the dead.
42And He ordered us to preach to the people, and to testify solemnly that this is the One who has been appointed by God as Judge of the living and the dead.
43All the prophets testify of Him, that through His name everyone who believes in Him receives forgiveness of sins.”
44While Peter was still speaking these words, the Holy Spirit fell upon all those who were listening to the message.
45All the Jewish believers who came with Peter were amazed, because the gift of the Holy Spirit had also been poured out on the Gentiles.
46For they were hearing them speaking with tongues and exalting God. Then Peter responded,
47“Surely no one can refuse the water for these to be baptized, who have received the Holy Spirit just as we did, can he?”
48And he ordered them to be baptized in the name of Jesus Christ. Then they asked him to stay on for a few days.
Study Guide
Public-domain commentary and original-language notes for Acts 10.
Chapter Summary
In this chapter: Cornelius directed to send for Peter. (1–8). Peter's vision. (9–18). He goes to Cornelius. (19–33). His discourse to Cornelius. (34–43). The gifts of the Holy Spirit poured out. (44–48).
vv1-8
Hitherto none had been baptized into the Christian church but Jews, Samaritans, and those converts who had been circumcised and observed the ceremonial law; but now the Gentiles were to be called to partake all the privileges of God's people, without first becoming Jews. Pure and undefiled religion is sometimes found where we least expect it. Wherever the fear of God rules in the heart, it will appear both in works of charity and of piety, neither will excuse from the other. Doubtless Cornelius had true faith in God's word, as far as he understood it, though not as yet clear faith in Christ. This was the work of the Spirit of God, through the mediation of Jesus, even before Cornelius knew him, as is the case with us all when we, who before were dead in sin, are made alive. Through Christ also his prayers and alms were accepted, which otherwise would have been rejected. Without dispute or delay Cornelius was obedient to the heavenly vision. In the affairs of our souls, let us not lose time.
vv9-18
The prejudices of Peter against the Gentiles, would have prevented his going to Cornelius, unless the Lord had prepared him for this service. To tell a Jew that God had directed those animals to be reckoned clean which were hitherto deemed unclean, was in effect saying, that the law of Moses was done away. Peter was soon made to know the meaning of it. God knows what services are before us, and how to prepare us; and we know the meaning of what he has taught us, when we find what occasion we have to make use of it.
vv19-33
When we see our call clear to any service, we should not be perplexed with doubts and scruples arising from prejudices or former ideas. Cornelius had called together his friends, to partake with him of the heavenly wisdom he expected from Peter. We should not covet to eat our spiritual morsels alone. It ought to be both given and taken as kindness and respect to our kindred and friends, to invite them to join us in religious exercises. Cornelius declared the direction God gave him to send for Peter. We are right in our aims in attending a gospel ministry, when we do it with regard to the Divine appointment requiring us to make use of that ordinance. How seldom ministers are called to speak to such companies, however small, in which it may be said that they are all present in the sight of God, to hear all things that are commanded of God! But these were ready to hear what Peter was commanded of God to say.
Key Words
Καισάρεια (Kaisáreia): Cæsaria, the name of two places in Palestine
ἦν (ēn): I (thou, etc.) was (wast or were)
τὶς (tìs): some or any person or object
ἀνήρ (anḗr): a man (properly as an individual male)
ὄνομα (ónoma): a "name" (literally or figuratively) (authority, character)
Κορνήλιος (Kornḗlios): Cornelius, a Roman
ἑκατοντάρχης (hekatontárchēs): the captain of one hundred men
ἐκ (ek): literal or figurative; direct or remote)
καλέω (kaléō): to "call" (properly, aloud, but used in a variety of applications, directly or otherwise)
Ἰταλικός (Italikós): Italic, i.e. belonging to Italia
Cross References
Acts 10Peter's own subsequent recital of his Joppa vision to the Jerusalem church, confirming details.
Supported by Matthew Henry, JFB
The Mosaic law code distinguishing clean and unclean beasts, which the vision explicitly rescinds.
Supported by Matthew Henry, JFB
Parallel refusal of human worship by Paul and Barnabas, echoing Peter's 'I myself am a man.'
Supported by Matthew Poole, John Calvin
The prophetic description of the Messiah being anointed with the Holy Ghost and power.
Supported by Matthew Henry
Peter later appeals to this event to prove God's acceptance of uncircumcised Gentiles.
Supported by JFB
Paul's theological conclusion that no food is unclean of itself, aligning with Peter's vision.
Supported by Matthew Henry, JFB
The doubling or tripling of a vision indicates the thing is established by God.
Supported by JFB
The foundational Old Testament declaration that God does not respect persons.
Supported by Matthew Henry, John Calvin
Pauline exposition that there is no difference between Jew and Greek; Christ is Lord over all.
Supported by Matthew Henry, JFB
The gift of the Holy Ghost poured out, mirroring the initial Jewish Pentecost.
Supported by JFB
Like Abraham, Cornelius is commended for leading his entire household to fear God.
Supported by Matthew Poole
Daniel receiving an angelic vision during the time of the evening sacrifice, the ninth hour.
Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB
Internal link confirming Cornelius's prayers and alms as the memorial mentioned by the angel.
Supported by Matthew Henry, Matthew Poole
Historical proof of resurrection: the disciples eating and drinking with Jesus after He rose.
Supported by Matthew Henry
Another Roman centurion commended for loving the Jewish nation and giving alms.
Supported by JFB