Judges 8ASV
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Judges8

American Standard Version · Public Domain

1And the men of Ephraim said unto him, Why hast thou served us thus, that thou calledst us not, when thou wentest to fight with Midian? And they did chide with him sharply.

2And he said unto them, What have I now done in comparison with you? Is not the gleaning of the grapes of Ephraim better than the vintage of Abiezer?

3God hath delivered into your hand the princes of Midian, Oreb and Zeeb: and what was I able to do in comparison with you? Then their anger was abated toward him, when he had said that.

4And Gideon came to the Jordan, and passed over, he, and the three hundred men that were with him, faint, yet pursuing.

5And he said unto the men of Succoth, Give, I pray you, loaves of bread unto the people that follow me; for they are faint, and I am pursuing after Zebah and Zalmunna, the kings of Midian.

6And the princes of Succoth said, Are the hands of Zebah and Zalmunna now in thy hand, that we should give bread unto thine army?

7And Gideon said, Therefore when Jehovah hath delivered Zebah and Zalmunna into my hand, then I will tear your flesh with the thorns of the wilderness and with briers.

8And he went up thence to Penuel, and spake unto them in like manner; and the men of Penuel answered him as the men of Succoth had answered.

9And he spake also unto the men of Penuel, saying, When I come again in peace, I will break down this tower.

10Now Zebah and Zalmunna were in Karkor, and their hosts with them, about fifteen thousand men, all that were left of all the host of the children of the east; for there fell a hundred and twenty thousand men that drew sword.

11And Gideon went up by the way of them that dwelt in tents on the east of Nobah and Jogbehah, and smote the host; for the host was secure.

12And Zebah and Zalmunna fled; and he pursued after them; and he took the two kings of Midian, Zebah and Zalmunna, and discomfited all the host.

13And Gideon the son of Joash returned from the battle from the ascent of Heres.

14And he caught a young man of the men of Succoth, and inquired of him: and he described for him the princes of Succoth, and the elders thereof, seventy and seven men.

15And he came unto the men of Succoth, and said, Behold Zebah and Zalmunna, concerning whom ye did taunt me, saying, Are the hands of Zebah and Zalmunna now in thy hand, that we should give bread unto thy men that are weary?

16And he took the elders of the city, and thorns of the wilderness and briers, and with them he taught the men of Succoth.

17And he brake down the tower of Penuel, and slew the men of the city.

18Then said he unto Zebah and Zalmunna, What manner of men were they whom ye slew at Tabor? And they answered, As thou art, so were they; each one resembled the children of a king.

19And he said, They were my brethren, the sons of my mother: as Jehovah liveth, if ye had saved them alive, I would not slay you.

20And he said unto Jether his first-born, Up, and slay them. But the youth drew not his sword; for he feared, because he was yet a youth.

21Then Zebah and Zalmunna said, Rise thou, and fall upon us; for as the man is, so is his strength. And Gideon arose, and slew Zebah and Zalmunna, and took the crescents that were on their camels’ necks.

22Then the men of Israel said unto Gideon, Rule thou over us, both thou, and thy son, and thy son’s son also; for thou hast saved us out of the hand of Midian.

23And Gideon said unto them, I will not rule over you, neither shall my son rule over you: Jehovah shall rule over you.

24And Gideon said unto them, I would make a request of you, that ye would give me every man the ear-rings of his spoil. (For they had golden ear-rings, because they were Ishmaelites.)

25And they answered, We will willingly give them. And they spread a garment, and did cast therein every man the ear-rings of his spoil.

26And the weight of the golden ear-rings that he requested was a thousand and seven hundred shekels of gold; besides the crescents, and the pendants, and the purple raiment that was on the kings of Midian, and besides the chains that were about their camels’ necks.

27And Gideon made an ephod thereof, and put it in his city, even in Ophrah: and all Israel played the harlot after it there; and it became a snare unto Gideon, and to his house.

28So Midian was subdued before the children of Israel, and they lifted up their heads no more. And the land had rest forty years in the days of Gideon.

29And Jerubbaal the son of Joash went and dwelt in his own house.

30And Gideon had threescore and ten sons of his body begotten; for he had many wives.

31And his concubine that was in Shechem, she also bare him a son, and he called his name Abimelech.

32And Gideon the son of Joash died in a good old age, and was buried in the sepulchre of Joash his father, in Ophrah of the Abiezrites.

33And it came to pass, as soon as Gideon was dead, that the children of Israel turned again, and played the harlot after the Baalim, and made Baal-berith their god.

34And the children of Israel remembered not Jehovah their God, who had delivered them out of the hand of all their enemies on every side;

35neither showed they kindness to the house of Jerubbaal, who is Gideon, according to all the goodness which he had showed unto Israel.

Study Guide

Public-domain commentary and original-language notes for Judges 8.

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Chapter Summary

In this chapter: Gideon pacifies the Ephraimites. (1–3). Succoth and Penuel refuse to relieve Gideon. (4–12). Succoth and Penuel punished. (13–17). Gideon avenges his brethren. (18–21). Gideon declines the government, but given occasion for idolatry. (22–28). Gideon's death, Israel's ingratitude. (29–35).

vv1-3

Those who will not attempt or venture any thing in the cause of God, will be the most ready to censure and quarrel with such as are of a more zealous and enterprising spirit. And those who are the most backward to difficult services, will be the most angry not to have the credit of them. Gideon stands here as a great example of self-denial; and shows us that envy is best removed by humility. The Ephraimites had given vent to their passion in very wrong freedom of speech, a certain sign of a weak cause: reason runs low when chiding flies high.

vv4-12

Gideon's men were faint, yet pursuing; fatigued with what they had done, yet eager to do more against their enemies. It is many a time the true Christian's case, fainting, and yet pursuing. The world knows but little of the persevering and successful struggle the real believer maintains with his sinful heart. But he betakes himself to that Divine strength, in the faith of which he began his conflict, and by the supply of which alone he can finish it in triumph.

vv13-17

The active servants of the Lord meet with more dangerous opposition from false professors than from open enemies; but they must not care for the behaviour of those who are Israelites in name, but Midianites in heart. They must pursue the enemies of their souls, and of the cause of God, though they are ready to faint through inward conflicts and outward hardships. And they shall be enabled to persevere. The less men help, and the more they seek to hinder, the more will the Lord assist. Gideon's warning being slighted, the punishment was just. Many are taught with the briers and thorns of affliction, who would not learn otherwise.

Cross References

Judges 8
v1Judges 12:1-6thematic

Direct parallel where Ephraim again complains of not being called to battle, with tragic results.

Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB

v3Proverbs 15:1thematic

Gideon's soft answer turns away the wrath of the proud Ephraimites.

Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB

v8Genesis 32:30thematic

Penuel is the historic site where Jacob wrestled with God, noted by commentators.

Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB

v231 Samuel 8:7thematic

Gideon's declaration that 'the Lord shall rule' aligns with God's later warning to Samuel.

Supported by Matthew Poole, Matthew Henry

v5Genesis 33:17thematic

Establishes the geographic identity and historical origin of Succoth.

Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB

v12Psalms 83:11thematic

Asks God to make Midianite nobles like Oreb, Zeeb, Zebah, and Zalmunna.

Supported by Matthew Poole

v29Judges 6:32thematic

Identifies Jerubbaal as Gideon's other name, given after he threw down Baal's altar.

Supported by Matthew Poole, Matthew Henry

v31Judges 9:1-5thematic

Records the tragic fulfillment of Abimelech's birth, who slays Gideon's seventy sons.

Supported by Matthew Henry

v3Judges 7:25thematic

Identifies the execution of Oreb and Zeeb, which Gideon uses to pacify Ephraim.

Supported by Matthew Poole

v7Judges 8:16fulfillment

The execution of Gideon's exact threat to punish the elders of Succoth.

Supported by Matthew Poole

v81 Kings 12:25thematic

Shows the strategic importance of Penuel, later rebuilt by Jeroboam.

Supported by Matthew Poole

v24Exodus 32:2thematic

Parallel where Aaron requests golden earrings to fashion the idolatrous golden calf.

Supported by Matthew Henry

v27Exodus 28:6-12thematic

Describes the proper priestly ephod, which Gideon illegally counterfeited.

Supported by Matthew Poole

v33Judges 9:46thematic

Mentions the house of the god Berith (Baal-berith) whom Israel worshipped after Gideon.

Supported by Matthew Poole