Judges 8NASB
Books
All books

Judges8

New American Standard

1Then the men of Ephraim said to Gideon, “What is this thing that you have done to us, not calling upon us when you went to fight against Midian?” And they quarreled with him vehemently.

2But he said to them, “What have I done now in comparison with you? Is the gleaning of the grapes of Ephraim not better than the vintage of Abiezer?

3God has handed over to you the leaders of Midian, Oreb and Zeeb; and what was I able to do in comparison with you?” Then their anger toward him subsided when he said that.

4Then Gideon and the three hundred men who were with him came to the Jordan and crossed over, exhausted yet still pursuing.

5And he said to the men of Succoth, “Please give loaves of bread to the people who are following me, for they are exhausted, and I am pursuing Zebah and Zalmunna, the kings of Midian.”

6But the leaders of Succoth said, “Are the hands of Zebah and Zalmunna already in your hand, that we should give bread to your army?”

7So Gideon said, “For this answer, when the Lord has handed over to me Zebah and Zalmunna, I will thrash your bodies with the thorns of the wilderness and with briers.”

8Then he went up from there to Penuel and spoke similarly to them; and the men of Penuel answered him just as the men of Succoth had answered.

9So he said also to the men of Penuel, “When I return safely, I will tear down this tower.”

10Now Zebah and Zalmunna were in Karkor, and their armies with them, about fifteen thousand men, all who were left of the entire army of the people of the east; for the fallen were 120,000 swordsmen.

11Gideon went up by the way of those who lived in tents to the east of Nobah and Jogbehah, and he attacked the camp when the camp was unsuspecting.

12When Zebah and Zalmunna fled, he pursued them and captured the two kings of Midian, Zebah and Zalmunna, and routed the entire army.

13Then Gideon the son of Joash returned from the battle by the ascent of Heres.

14And he captured a youth from Succoth and questioned him. Then the youth wrote down for him the leaders of Succoth and its elders, seventy-seven men.

15And he came to the men of Succoth and said, “Behold Zebah and Zalmunna, about whom you taunted me, saying, ‘Are the hands of Zebah and Zalmunna already in your hand, that we should give bread to your men who are weary?’”

16Then he took the elders of the city, and thorns of the wilderness and briers, and he disciplined the men of Succoth with them.

17And he tore down the tower of Penuel and killed the men of the city.

18Then he said to Zebah and Zalmunna, “Where were the men whom you killed at Tabor?” But they said, “You and they were alike, each one resembling the son of a king.”

19And he said, “They were my brothers, the sons of my mother. As the Lord lives, if only you had let them live, I would not kill you.”

20So he said to Jether his firstborn, “Rise, kill them.” But the youth did not draw his sword, for he was afraid, because he was still a youth.

21Then Zebah and Zalmunna said, “Rise up yourself, and attack us; for as the man, so is his strength.” So Gideon arose and killed Zebah and Zalmunna, and took the crescent amulets which were on their camels’ necks.

22Then the men of Israel said to Gideon, “Rule over us, both you and your son, your son’s son as well, for you have saved us from the hand of Midian!”

23But Gideon said to them, “I will not rule over you, nor shall my son rule over you; the Lord shall rule over you.”

24Yet Gideon said to them, “I would request of you, that each of you give me an earring from his plunder.” (For they had gold earrings, because they were Ishmaelites.)

25And they said, “We will certainly give them to you.” So they spread out a garment, and every one of them tossed an earring there from his plunder.

26The weight of the gold earrings that he requested was 1,700 shekels of gold, apart from the crescent amulets, the ear pendants, and the purple robes which were on the kings of Midian, and apart from the neck chains that were on their camels’ necks.

27Gideon made it into an ephod, and placed it in his city, Ophrah; but all Israel committed infidelity with it there, and it became a snare to Gideon and his household.

28So Midian was subdued before the sons of Israel, and they did not lift up their heads anymore. And the land was undisturbed for forty years in the days of Gideon.

29Then Jerubbaal the son of Joash went and lived in his own house.

30Now Gideon had seventy sons who were his direct descendants, for he had many wives.

31And his concubine who was in Shechem also bore him a son, and he named him Abimelech.

32And Gideon the son of Joash died at a good old age and was buried in the tomb of his father Joash, in Ophrah of the Abiezrites.

33Then it came about, as soon as Gideon was dead, that the sons of Israel again committed infidelity with the Baals, and made Baal-berith their god.

34So the sons of Israel did not remember the Lord their God, who had saved them from the hands of all their enemies on every side;

35nor did they show kindness to the household of Jerubbaal (that is, Gideon) in accordance with all the good that he had done for Israel.

Study Guide

Public-domain commentary and original-language notes for Judges 8.

Full AI study →

Chapter Summary

In this chapter: Gideon pacifies the Ephraimites. (1–3). Succoth and Penuel refuse to relieve Gideon. (4–12). Succoth and Penuel punished. (13–17). Gideon avenges his brethren. (18–21). Gideon declines the government, but given occasion for idolatry. (22–28). Gideon's death, Israel's ingratitude. (29–35).

vv1-3

Those who will not attempt or venture any thing in the cause of God, will be the most ready to censure and quarrel with such as are of a more zealous and enterprising spirit. And those who are the most backward to difficult services, will be the most angry not to have the credit of them. Gideon stands here as a great example of self-denial; and shows us that envy is best removed by humility. The Ephraimites had given vent to their passion in very wrong freedom of speech, a certain sign of a weak cause: reason runs low when chiding flies high.

vv4-12

Gideon's men were faint, yet pursuing; fatigued with what they had done, yet eager to do more against their enemies. It is many a time the true Christian's case, fainting, and yet pursuing. The world knows but little of the persevering and successful struggle the real believer maintains with his sinful heart. But he betakes himself to that Divine strength, in the faith of which he began his conflict, and by the supply of which alone he can finish it in triumph.

vv13-17

The active servants of the Lord meet with more dangerous opposition from false professors than from open enemies; but they must not care for the behaviour of those who are Israelites in name, but Midianites in heart. They must pursue the enemies of their souls, and of the cause of God, though they are ready to faint through inward conflicts and outward hardships. And they shall be enabled to persevere. The less men help, and the more they seek to hinder, the more will the Lord assist. Gideon's warning being slighted, the punishment was just. Many are taught with the briers and thorns of affliction, who would not learn otherwise.

Cross References

Judges 8
v1Judges 12:1-6thematic

Direct parallel where Ephraim again complains of not being called to battle, with tragic results.

Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB

v3Proverbs 15:1thematic

Gideon's soft answer turns away the wrath of the proud Ephraimites.

Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB

v8Genesis 32:30thematic

Penuel is the historic site where Jacob wrestled with God, noted by commentators.

Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB

v231 Samuel 8:7thematic

Gideon's declaration that 'the Lord shall rule' aligns with God's later warning to Samuel.

Supported by Matthew Poole, Matthew Henry

v5Genesis 33:17thematic

Establishes the geographic identity and historical origin of Succoth.

Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB

v12Psalms 83:11thematic

Asks God to make Midianite nobles like Oreb, Zeeb, Zebah, and Zalmunna.

Supported by Matthew Poole

v29Judges 6:32thematic

Identifies Jerubbaal as Gideon's other name, given after he threw down Baal's altar.

Supported by Matthew Poole, Matthew Henry

v31Judges 9:1-5thematic

Records the tragic fulfillment of Abimelech's birth, who slays Gideon's seventy sons.

Supported by Matthew Henry

v3Judges 7:25thematic

Identifies the execution of Oreb and Zeeb, which Gideon uses to pacify Ephraim.

Supported by Matthew Poole

v7Judges 8:16fulfillment

The execution of Gideon's exact threat to punish the elders of Succoth.

Supported by Matthew Poole

v81 Kings 12:25thematic

Shows the strategic importance of Penuel, later rebuilt by Jeroboam.

Supported by Matthew Poole

v24Exodus 32:2thematic

Parallel where Aaron requests golden earrings to fashion the idolatrous golden calf.

Supported by Matthew Henry

v27Exodus 28:6-12thematic

Describes the proper priestly ephod, which Gideon illegally counterfeited.

Supported by Matthew Poole

v33Judges 9:46thematic

Mentions the house of the god Berith (Baal-berith) whom Israel worshipped after Gideon.

Supported by Matthew Poole