Deuteronomy25
English Standard Version
1 there is a and they into and the judges them, the and the ,
2then the to be , the shall cause him to lie and be in his with a number of in to his .
3 may be given him, but , , if one should to him with than these, your be in your .
4You shall an when it is treading out the .
5 , and of them and has , the of the shall be married the family to a . Her shall to her and her as his and perform the duty of a to her.
6And the she shall the of his , that his may be of .
7And the does to his , then his shall to the to the and , My to his in ; he perform the duty of a to me.
8Then the of his shall him and to him, and if he , , I do to her,
9then his shall to him in the of the and his his and in his . And she shall and , shall it be to the does his .
10And the of his house shall be in , The of him who had his .
11When with and the of the draws to her from the of him who is him and puts her and him by the ,
12then you shall her . Your shall have .
13You shall have in your two kinds of , a and a .
14You shall have in your two kinds of , a and a .
15A and you shall have, a and you shall have, that your may be in the that the Lord your is you.
16 who such , who , are an to the Lord your .
17 to you on the as you of ,
18 he you on the when you were and , and cut off your , those who were you, and he did .
19Therefore when the Lord your has given you your you, in the the Lord your is you for an to , you shall the of ; you shall .
Study Guide
Public-domain commentary and original-language notes for Deuteronomy 25.
Chapter Summary
In this chapter: Extent of punishment. (1–3). The ox that treadeth the corn. (4). Marriage of a brother's wife. (5–12). Of unjust weights. (13–16). War against Amalek. (17–19).
vv1-3
Every punishment should be with solemnity, that those who see it may be filled with dread, and be warned not to offend in like manner. And though the criminals must be shamed as well as put to pain, for their warning and disgrace, yet care should be taken that they do not appear totally vile. Happy those who are chastened of the Lord to humble them, that they should not be condemned with the world to destruction.
v4
This is a charge to husbandmen. It teaches us to make much of the animals that serve us. But we must learn, not only to be just, but kind to all who are employed for the good of our better part, our souls, 1Co 9:9.
vv5-12
The custom here regulated seems to have been in the Jewish law in order to keep inheritances distinct; now it is unlawful.
Key Words
כִּי: (by implication) very widely used as a relative conjunction or adverb (as below); often largely modified by other particles annexed
רִיב: a contest (personal or legal)
בֶּזֶק: Bezek, a place in Palestine
אֱנוֹשׁ: a man in general (singly or collectively)
נָגַשׁ: to be or come (causatively, bring) near (for any purpose); euphemistically, to lie with a woman; as an enemy, to attack; religious to worship; causatively, to present; figuratively, to adduce an argument; by reversal, to stand back
מִשְׁפָּט: properly, a verdict (favorable or unfavorable) pronounced judicially, especially a sentence or formal decree (human or (participant's) divine law, individual or collective), including the act, the place, the suit, the crime, and the penalty; abstractly, justice, including a participant's right or privilege (statutory or customary), or even a style
שָׁפַט: to judge, i.e. pronounce sentence (for or against); by implication, to vindicate or punish; by extenssion, to govern; passively, to litigate (literally or figuratively)
צָדַק: to be (causatively, make) right (in a moral or forensic sense)
צַדִּיק: just
רָשַׁע: to be (causatively, do or declare) wrong; by implication, to disturb, violate
Cross References
Deuteronomy 25Paul relates his receiving of 'forty stripes save one' to keep strictly within this law's limit.
Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB
Paul explicitly quotes this verse to argue that ministers deserve material support for their labors.
Supported by Matthew Henry, Matthew Poole, JFB
Paul cites the law of the treading ox alongside Christ's words to command support for elders.
Supported by JFB
The Sadducees cite this levirate marriage law to challenge Jesus regarding the resurrection.
Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB
Saul is commissioned to execute God's decree here to completely destroy the memory of Amalek.
Supported by JFB
God's original oath to utterly put out the remembrance of Amalek, here recalled and enjoined.
Supported by Matthew Henry, John Calvin
Demonstrates the pre-Mosaic existence of the levirate custom with Judah's instruction to Onan.
Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB
Condemns divers weights and divers measures as an abomination, echoing Deuteronomy's exact wording.
Supported by JFB
Declares that a just weight and balance are the Lord's, directly reflecting Deuteronomy's standard.
Supported by JFB
The original historical account of Amalek's unprovoked attack on Israel at Rephidim.
Supported by John Calvin, JFB
Prophetic allusion to Ephraim being trained and loving to tread out the corn.
Supported by Matthew Poole
Levitical parallel commanding absolute honesty in meteyard, weight, and measure.
Supported by Matthew Poole
Shows Amalek was Esau's grandson, making their attack on Israel a betrayal of kindred.
Supported by John Calvin