Genesis38
English Standard Version
1It happened at that that from his and to a , whose was .
2There the of a whose was . He and to her,
3and she and a , and he his .
4She and a , and she his .
5 she a , and she his . Judah was in when she him.
6And a for his , and her was .
7But , , was in the of the Lord, and the Lord put him to .
8Then to , Go to your and perform the duty of a to her, and raise for your .
9But that the would be his. So he to his he would the semen on the , so as to to his .
10And he was in the of the Lord, and he put him to .
11Then to his , a in your , till my —for he that he would , like his . So and in her .
12In the of the of , , . When was , he to to his , he and his the .
13And when was , Your is going to to his ,
14she her and with a , herself up, and at the to , is on the to . For she that was , and she had not been to him in .
15When , he she was a , for she had her .
16He to her at the and , , me come to you, for he did that she was his . She , will you me, that you may come to me?
17He , I will you a from the . And she , you me a , until you it—
18He , shall I you? She , Your and your and your that is in your . So he them to her and to her, and she by him.
19Then she and , and her she the of her .
20When the his the to the from the , he did not her.
21And he the of the , is the was at at the ? And they , has been .
22So he to and , I have her. , the of the , has been .
23And , Let her the things as her own, we shall be at. You , I this , and you did not her.
24About later was , your has been . , she is by . And , Bring her , and let her be .
25As she was being , she to her , By the to belong, I am . And she , these are, the and the and the .
26Then them and , She is I, I did her to my . And he did .
27When the of her came, there were in her .
28And when she was in , one a , and the and a on his , , This .
29But as he drew his , , his . And she , a you have for yourself! Therefore his was .
30 his with the on his , and his was .
Study Guide
Public-domain commentary and original-language notes for Genesis 38.
Chapter Summary
In this chapter: The profligate conduct of Judah and his family. (1-30).
vv1-30
This chapter gives an account of Judah and his family, and such an account it is, that it seems a wonder that of all Jacob's sons, our Lord should spring out of Judah, Heb 7:14. But God will show that his choice is of grace and not of merit, and that Christ came into the world to save sinners, even the chief. Also, that the worthiness of Christ is of himself, and not from his ancestors. How little reason had the Jews, who were so called from this Judah, to boast as they did, Joh 8:41. What awful examples the Lord proclaims in his punishments, of his utter displeasure at sin! Let us seek grace from God to avoid every appearance of sin. And let that state of humbleness to which Jesus submitted, when he came to put away sin by the sacrifice of himself, in appointing such characters as those here recorded, to be his ancestors, endear the Redeemer to our hearts.
Key Words
עֵת: time, especially (adverb with preposition) now, when, etc.
יְהוּדָה: Jehudah (or Judah), the name of five Israelites; also of the tribe descended from the first, and of its territory
יָרַד: to descend (literally, to go downwards; or conventionally to a lower region, as the shore, a boundary, the enemy, etc.; or figuratively, to fall); causatively, to bring down (in all the above applications)
אָח: a brother (used in the widest sense of literal relationship and metaphorical affinity or resemblance (like father))
נָטָה: to stretch or spread out; by implication, to bend away (including moral deflection); used in a great variety of application
אִישׁ: a man as an individual or a male person; often used as an adjunct to a more definite term (and in such cases frequently not expressed in translation)
עֲדֻלָּמִי: an Adullamite or native of Adullam
שֵׁם: an appellation, as amark or memorial of individuality; by implication honor, authority, character
חִירָה: Chirah, an Adullamite
רָאָה: to see, literally or figuratively (in numerous applications, direct and implied, transitive, intransitive and causative)
Cross References
Genesis 38The explicit law of the levirate marriage, first historically illustrated in Onan's duty to Tamar.
Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB
Pharez and Tamar are listed in the genealogy of Jesus, showing His line of grace.
Supported by Matthew Henry, JFB
Confirms the sons of Judah, including Er, Onan, and the birth of Pharez and Zerah.
Supported by Matthew Poole
Genealogical confirmation of Er being evil in the sight of Yahweh and His slaying him.
Supported by Matthew Poole
The ancient custom of burning as punishment for playing the harlot (specifically priests' daughters).
Supported by JFB
Poetic justice: Judah is asked to 'discern' items, just as he asked his father to discern Joseph's coat.
Supported by Matthew Poole
Verbal parallel where Saul, like Judah, admits: 'Thou art more righteous than I.'
Supported by Matthew Poole
Identifies the city and location of Adullam, where Judah turned in to Hirah.
Supported by Matthew Poole
The Sadducees cite this levirate custom in their debate with Jesus over the resurrection.
Supported by Matthew Poole
Defines what it means to be exceptionally 'wicked before the Lord' in Genesis context.
Supported by Matthew Poole
Verbal match: 'the thing displeased the LORD', used similarly of David's sin.
Supported by Matthew Poole
Parallel struggle of twins in the womb, recalling the birth of Esau and Jacob.
Supported by Matthew Poole
The attire of a harlot and the deceptive behavior of covering the face.
Further biblical reference to the rare practice of death by burning for adultery/offenses.
Supported by JFB