1 Samuel26
New American Standard
1Then the Ziphites came to Saul at Gibeah, saying, “Is David not keeping himself hidden on the hill of Hachilah, which is opposite Jeshimon?”
2So Saul set out and went down to the wilderness of Ziph, taking with him three thousand chosen men of Israel, to search for David in the wilderness of Ziph.
3And Saul camped on the hill of Hachilah, which is opposite Jeshimon, beside the road, and David was staying in the wilderness. When he saw that Saul had come after him into the wilderness,
4David sent out spies, and he learned that Saul was definitely coming.
5David then set out and came to the place where Saul had camped. And David saw the place where Saul lay, and Abner the son of Ner, the commander of his army; and Saul was lying in the circle of the camp, and the people were camped around him.
6Then David said to Ahimelech the Hittite and to Abishai the son of Zeruiah, Joab’s brother, saying, “Who will go down with me to Saul in the camp?” And Abishai said, “I will go down with you.”
7So David and Abishai came to the people by night, and behold, Saul lay sleeping inside the circle of the camp with his spear stuck in the ground at his head; and Abner and the people were lying around him.
8Then Abishai said to David, “Today God has handed your enemy over to you; now then, please let me pin him with the spear to the ground with one thrust, and I will not do it to him a second time.”
9But David said to Abishai, “Do not kill him, for who can reach out with his hand against the Lord’s anointed and remain innocent?”
10David also said, “As the Lord lives, the Lord certainly will strike him, or his day will come that he dies, or he will go down in battle and perish.
11The Lord forbid that I would reach out with my hand against the Lord’s anointed! But now please take the spear that is at his head and the jug of water, and let’s go.”
12So David took the spear and the jug of water that were at Saul’s head, and they left; and no one saw or knew about it, nor did anyone awaken, for they were all asleep, because a deep sleep from the Lord had fallen on them.
13Then David crossed over to the other side and stood on top of the mountain at a distance with a large area between them.
14And David called to the people and to Abner the son of Ner, saying, “Will you not answer, Abner?” Then Abner replied, “Who are you who calls to the king?”
15So David said to Abner, “Are you not a man? And who is like you in Israel? Why then have you not guarded your lord the king? For one of the people came to kill the king your lord!
16This thing that you have done is not good. As the Lord lives, all of you undoubtedly must die, because you did not guard your lord, the Lord’s anointed. And now, see where the king’s spear is and the jug of water that was at his head!”
17Then Saul recognized David’s voice and said, “Is this your voice, my son David?” And David said, “It is my voice, my lord the king.”
18He also said, “Why then is my lord pursuing his servant? For what have I done? Or what evil is in my hand?
19Now then, please let my lord the king listen to the words of his servant. If the Lord has incited you against me, may He accept an offering; but if it is people, cursed are they before the Lord, because they have driven me out today so that I would have no share in the inheritance of the Lord, saying, ‘Go, serve other gods.’
20Now then, do not let my blood fall to the ground far from the presence of the Lord; for the king of Israel has come out to search for a single flea, just as one hunts a partridge in the mountains.”
21Then Saul said, “I have sinned. Return, my son David, for I will not harm you again since my life was precious in your sight this day. Behold, I have played the fool and have made a very great mistake.”
22David replied, “Behold, the spear of the king! Now have one of the young men come over and take it.
23And the Lord will repay each man for his righteousness and his faithfulness; for the Lord handed you over to me today, but I refused to reach out with my hand against the Lord’s anointed.
24Therefore behold, just as your life was highly valued in my sight this day, so may my life be highly valued in the sight of the Lord, and may He rescue me from all distress.”
25Then Saul said to David, “Blessed are you, my son David; you will both accomplish much and assuredly prevail.” So David went on his way, and Saul returned to his place.
Study Guide
Public-domain commentary and original-language notes for 1 Samuel 26.
Chapter Summary
In this chapter: Saul goes after David, who again spares Saul's life. (1–12). David exhorts Saul. (13–20). Saul acknowledges his sin. (21–25).
vv1-12
How soon do unholy hearts lose the good impressions convictions have made upon them! How helpless were Saul and all his men! All as though disarmed and chained, yet nothing is done to them; they are only asleep. How easily can God weaken the strongest, befool the wisest, and baffle the most watchful! David still resolved to wait till God thought fit to avenge him on Saul. He will by no means force his way to the promised crown by any wrong methods. The temptation was very strong; but if he yielded, he would sin against God, therefore he resisted the temptation, and trusted God with the event.
vv13-20
David reasoned seriously and affectionately with Saul. Those who forbid our attendance on God's ordinances, do what they can to estrange us from God, and to make us heathens. We are to reckon that which exposes us to sin the greatest injury that can be done us. If the Lord stirred thee up against me, either in displeasure to me, taking this way to punish me for my sins against him, or in displeasure to thee, if it be the effect of that evil spirit from the Lord which troubles thee; let Him accept an offering from us both. Let us join in seeking peace, and to be reconciled with God by sacrifice.
vv21-25
Saul repeated his good words and good wishes. But he showed no evidence of true repentance towards God. David and Saul parted to meet no more. No reconciliation among men is firm, which is not founded in an cemented by peace with God through Jesus Christ. In sinning against God, men play the fool, and err exceedingly. Many obtain a passing view of these truths, who hate and close their eyes against the light. Fair professions do not entitle those to confidence who have long sinned against the light, yet the confessions of obstinate sinners may satisfy us that we are in the right way, and encourage us to persevere, expecting our recompence from the Lord alone.
Key Words
זִיפִי: a Ziphite or inhabitant of Ziph
בּוֹא: to go or come (in a wide variety of applications)
שָׁאוּל: Shaul, the name of an Edomite and two Israelites
גִּבְעָה: Gibah; the name of three places in Palestine
אָמַר: to say (used with great latitude)
לֹא: not (the simple or abs. negation); by implication, no; often used with other particles
דָּוִד: David, the youngest son of Jesse
סָתַר: to hide (by covering), literally or figuratively
גִּבְעָה: a hillock
חֲכִילָה: Chakilah, a hill in Palestine
Cross References
1 Samuel 26The Ziphites betray David to Saul a second time at the exact same location.
Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB
Repeats David's strict principle of refusing to strike the Lord's anointed, established at Engedi.
Supported by Matthew Henry, Matthew Poole, JFB
David trusts God to strike Saul down, just as God struck down Nabal.
Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB
Jotham likewise stood on a hilltop to safely shout a warning and parable to those below.
Supported by JFB
David repeats his self-deprecating analogy of being chased like a single flea.
Supported by JFB
Identical Hebrew term for 'trench' or barricade of carriages used in Saul's encampments.
Supported by Matthew Poole
The 'deep sleep' (tardemah) sent by God mirrors the supernatural sleep cast on Adam.
Supported by Matthew Poole
Saul recognizes David's voice and addresses him with the exact same words: 'my son David'.
Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB
David later executes the Amalekite who claimed to have slain the Lord's anointed.
Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB
Saul once again temporarily confesses his sin and acknowledges David's righteousness.
Supported by Matthew Henry