1 Samuel26
World English Bible · Public Domain
1The Ziphites came to Saul to Gibeah, saying, “Doesn’t David hide himself in the hill of Hachilah, which is before the desert?”
2Then Saul arose and went down to the wilderness of Ziph, having three thousand chosen men of Israel with him, to seek David in the wilderness of Ziph.
3Saul encamped in the hill of Hachilah, which is before the desert, by the way. But David stayed in the wilderness, and he saw that Saul came after him into the wilderness.
4David therefore sent out spies, and understood that Saul had certainly come.
5Then David arose and came to the place where Saul had encamped; and David saw the place where Saul lay, with Abner the son of Ner, the captain of his army. Saul lay within the place of the wagons, and the people were encamped around him.
6Then David answered and said to Ahimelech the Hittite, and to Abishai the son of Zeruiah, brother of Joab, saying, “Who will go down with me to Saul to the camp?” Abishai said, “I will go down with you.”
7So David and Abishai came to the people by night; and, behold, Saul lay sleeping within the place of the wagons, with his spear stuck in the ground at his head; and Abner and the people lay around him.
8Then Abishai said to David, “God has delivered up your enemy into your hand today. Now therefore please let me strike him with the spear to the earth at one stroke, and I will not strike him the second time.”
9David said to Abishai, “Don’t destroy him, for who can stretch out his hand against Yahweh’s anointed, and be guiltless?”
10David said, “As Yahweh lives, Yahweh will strike him; or his day shall come to die, or he shall go down into battle and perish.
11Yahweh forbid that I should stretch out my hand against Yahweh’s anointed; but now please take the spear that is at his head and the jar of water, and let’s go.”
12So David took the spear and the jar of water from Saul’s head, and they went away. No man saw it, or knew it, nor did any awake; for they were all asleep, because a deep sleep from Yahweh had fallen on them.
13Then David went over to the other side, and stood on the top of the mountain far away, a great space being between them;
14and David cried to the people, and to Abner the son of Ner, saying, “Don’t you answer, Abner?” Then Abner answered, “Who are you who calls to the king?”
15David said to Abner, “Aren’t you a man? Who is like you in Israel? Why then have you not kept watch over your lord the king? For one of the people came in to destroy your lord the king.
16This thing isn’t good that you have done. As Yahweh lives, you are worthy to die, because you have not kept watch over your lord, Yahweh’s anointed. Now see where the king’s spear is, and the jar of water that was at his head.”
17Saul recognized David’s voice, and said, “Is this your voice, my son David?” David said, “It is my voice, my lord, O king.”
18He said, “Why does my lord pursue his servant? For what have I done? What evil is in my hand?
19Now therefore, please let my lord the king hear the words of his servant. If it is so that Yahweh has stirred you up against me, let him accept an offering. But if it is the children of men, they are cursed before Yahweh; for they have driven me out today that I shouldn’t cling to Yahweh’s inheritance, saying, ‘Go, serve other gods!’
20Now therefore, don’t let my blood fall to the earth away from the presence of Yahweh; for the king of Israel has come out to seek a flea, as when one hunts a partridge in the mountains.”
21Then Saul said, “I have sinned. Return, my son David; for I will no more do you harm, because my life was precious in your eyes today. Behold, I have played the fool, and have erred exceedingly.”
22David answered, “Behold the spear, O king! Let one of the young men come over and get it.
23Yahweh will render to every man his righteousness and his faithfulness; because Yahweh delivered you into my hand today, and I wouldn’t stretch out my hand against Yahweh’s anointed.
24Behold, as your life was respected today in my eyes, so let my life be respected in Yahweh’s eyes, and let him deliver me out of all oppression.”
25Then Saul said to David, “You are blessed, my son David. You will both do mightily, and will surely prevail.” So David went his way, and Saul returned to his place.
Study Guide
Public-domain commentary and original-language notes for 1 Samuel 26.
Chapter Summary
In this chapter: Saul goes after David, who again spares Saul's life. (1–12). David exhorts Saul. (13–20). Saul acknowledges his sin. (21–25).
vv1-12
How soon do unholy hearts lose the good impressions convictions have made upon them! How helpless were Saul and all his men! All as though disarmed and chained, yet nothing is done to them; they are only asleep. How easily can God weaken the strongest, befool the wisest, and baffle the most watchful! David still resolved to wait till God thought fit to avenge him on Saul. He will by no means force his way to the promised crown by any wrong methods. The temptation was very strong; but if he yielded, he would sin against God, therefore he resisted the temptation, and trusted God with the event.
vv13-20
David reasoned seriously and affectionately with Saul. Those who forbid our attendance on God's ordinances, do what they can to estrange us from God, and to make us heathens. We are to reckon that which exposes us to sin the greatest injury that can be done us. If the Lord stirred thee up against me, either in displeasure to me, taking this way to punish me for my sins against him, or in displeasure to thee, if it be the effect of that evil spirit from the Lord which troubles thee; let Him accept an offering from us both. Let us join in seeking peace, and to be reconciled with God by sacrifice.
vv21-25
Saul repeated his good words and good wishes. But he showed no evidence of true repentance towards God. David and Saul parted to meet no more. No reconciliation among men is firm, which is not founded in an cemented by peace with God through Jesus Christ. In sinning against God, men play the fool, and err exceedingly. Many obtain a passing view of these truths, who hate and close their eyes against the light. Fair professions do not entitle those to confidence who have long sinned against the light, yet the confessions of obstinate sinners may satisfy us that we are in the right way, and encourage us to persevere, expecting our recompence from the Lord alone.
Key Words
זִיפִי: a Ziphite or inhabitant of Ziph
בּוֹא: to go or come (in a wide variety of applications)
שָׁאוּל: Shaul, the name of an Edomite and two Israelites
גִּבְעָה: Gibah; the name of three places in Palestine
אָמַר: to say (used with great latitude)
לֹא: not (the simple or abs. negation); by implication, no; often used with other particles
דָּוִד: David, the youngest son of Jesse
סָתַר: to hide (by covering), literally or figuratively
גִּבְעָה: a hillock
חֲכִילָה: Chakilah, a hill in Palestine
Cross References
1 Samuel 26The Ziphites betray David to Saul a second time at the exact same location.
Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB
Repeats David's strict principle of refusing to strike the Lord's anointed, established at Engedi.
Supported by Matthew Henry, Matthew Poole, JFB
David trusts God to strike Saul down, just as God struck down Nabal.
Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB
Jotham likewise stood on a hilltop to safely shout a warning and parable to those below.
Supported by JFB
David repeats his self-deprecating analogy of being chased like a single flea.
Supported by JFB
Identical Hebrew term for 'trench' or barricade of carriages used in Saul's encampments.
Supported by Matthew Poole
The 'deep sleep' (tardemah) sent by God mirrors the supernatural sleep cast on Adam.
Supported by Matthew Poole
Saul recognizes David's voice and addresses him with the exact same words: 'my son David'.
Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB
David later executes the Amalekite who claimed to have slain the Lord's anointed.
Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB
Saul once again temporarily confesses his sin and acknowledges David's righteousness.
Supported by Matthew Henry