Joshua11
New American Standard
1Then it came about, when Jabin king of Hazor heard about it, that he sent word to Jobab king of Madon, to the king of Shimron, to the king of Achshaph,
2and to the kings who were of the north in the hill country, and in the Arabah—south of Chinneroth and in the lowland, and on the heights of Dor on the west—
3to the Canaanite on the east and on the west, and the Amorite, the Hittite, the Perizzite, and the Jebusite in the hill country, and the Hivite at the foot of Hermon in the land of Mizpeh.
4Then they came out, they and all their armies with them, as many people as the sand that is on the seashore, with very many horses and chariots.
5So all of these kings gathered together, and came and encamped together at the waters of Merom, to fight against Israel.
6Yet the Lord said to Joshua, “Do not be afraid because of them, for tomorrow at this time I am going to turn all of them over to Israel as good as dead; you shall hamstring their horses and burn their chariots with fire.”
7So Joshua and all the people of war with him came upon them suddenly at the waters of Merom, and attacked them.
8And the Lord handed them over to Israel, so that they defeated them, and pursued them as far as Great Sidon, and Misrephoth-maim, and the Valley of Mizpeh to the east; and they struck them until no survivor was left to them.
9And Joshua did to them just as the Lord had told him; he hamstrung their horses and burned their chariots with fire.
10Then Joshua turned back at that time and captured Hazor, and struck its king with the sword; for Hazor previously was the head of all these kingdoms.
11They struck every person who was in it with the edge of the sword, utterly destroying them; there was no one left who breathed. And he burned Hazor with fire.
12Joshua captured all the cities of these kings, and all their kings; and he struck them with the edge of the sword and utterly destroyed them, just as Moses the servant of the Lord had commanded.
13However, Israel did not burn any cities that stood on their mounds, except Hazor alone, which Joshua burned.
14And all the spoils of these cities and the cattle, the sons of Israel took as their plunder; but they struck every person with the edge of the sword, until they had destroyed them. They left no one breathing.
15Just as the Lord had commanded His servant Moses, so Moses commanded Joshua, and so Joshua did; he left nothing undone of all that the Lord had commanded Moses.
16So Joshua took all that land: the hill country and all the Negev, all the land of Goshen, the lowland, the Arabah, the hill country of Israel and its lowland
17from Mount Halak, that rises toward Seir, even as far as Baal-gad in the Valley of Lebanon at the foot of Mount Hermon. And he captured all their kings, and struck them and put them to death.
18Joshua waged war a long time with all these kings.
19There was not a city which made peace with the sons of Israel except the Hivites living in Gibeon; they took them all in battle.
20For it was of the Lord to harden their hearts, to meet Israel in battle in order that he might utterly destroy them, that they might receive no mercy, but that he might destroy them, just as the Lord had commanded Moses.
21Then Joshua came at that time and eliminated the Anakim from the hill country, from Hebron, Debir, Anab, and from all the hill country of Judah and all the hill country of Israel. Joshua utterly destroyed them with their cities.
22There were no Anakim left in the land of the sons of Israel; only in Gaza, Gath, and Ashdod some remained.
23So Joshua took the whole land, in accordance with everything that the Lord had spoken to Moses; and Joshua gave it as an inheritance to Israel according to their divisions by their tribes. So the land was at rest from war.
Study Guide
Public-domain commentary and original-language notes for Joshua 11.
Chapter Summary
In this chapter: Divers kings overcome at the waters of Merom. (1–9). Hazor is taken and burned. (10–14). All that country subdued, The Anakims cut off. (15–23).
vv1-9
The wonders God wrought for the Israelites were to encourage them to act vigorously themselves. Thus the war against Satan's kingdom, carried on by preaching the gospel, was at first forwarded by miracles; but being fully proved to be of God, we are now left to the Divine grace in the usual course, in the use of the sword of the Spirit. God encouraged Joshua. Fresh dangers and difficulties make it necessary to seek fresh supports from the word of God, which we have nigh unto us for use in every time of need. God proportions our trials to our strength, and our strength to our trials. Joshua's obedience in destroying the horses and chariots, shows his self-denial in compliance with God's command. The possession of things on which the carnal heart is prone to depend, is hurtful to the life of faith, and the walk with God; therefore it is better to be without worldly advantages, than to have the soul endangered by them. (Jos 11:10-14)
vv10-14
The Canaanites filled up the measure of their iniquity, and were, as a judgment, left to the pride, obstinacy, and enmity of their hearts, and to the power of Satan; all restraints being withdrawn, while the dispensations of Providence tended to drive them to despair. They brought on themselves the vengeance they justly merited, of which the Israelites were to be executioners, by the command the Lord gave to Moses.
vv15-23
Never let the sons of Anak be a terror to the Israel of God, for their day to fall will come. The land rested from war. It ended not in a peace with the Canaanites, that was forbidden, but in a peace from them. There is a rest, a rest from war, remaining for the people of God, into which they shall enter, when their warfare is accomplished. That which was now done, is compared with what had been said to Moses. God's word and his works, if viewed together, will be found mutually to set each other forth. If we make conscience of our duty, we need not question the performance of the promise. But the believer must never put off his armour, or expect lasting peace, till he closes his eyes in death; nay, as his strength and usefulness increase, he may expect more heavy trials; yet the Lord will not permit any enemies to assault the believer till he has prepared him for the battle. Christ Jesus ever lives to plead for his people, and their faith shall not fail, however Satan may be permitted to assault them. And however tedious, sharp, and difficult the believer's warfare, his patience in tribulation may be encouraged by the joyfulness of hope; for he will, ere long, rest from sin and from sorrow in the Canaan above.
Key Words
יָבִין: Jabin, the name of two Canaanitish kings
מֶלֶךְ: a king
חָצוֹר: Chatsor, the name (thus simply) of two places in Palestine and of one in Arabia
שָׁמַע: to hear intelligently (often with implication of attention, obedience, etc.; causatively, to tell, etc.)
שָׁלַח: to send away, for, or out (in a great variety of applications)
יוֹבָב: Jobab, the name of two Israelites and of three foreigners
מָדוֹן: Madon, a place in Palestine
שִׁמְרוֹן: Shimron, the name of an Israelite and of a place in Palestine
אַכְשָׁף: Acshaph, a place in Palestine
צָפוֹן: properly, hidden, i.e. dark; used only of the north as aquarter (gloomy and unknown)
Cross References
Joshua 11Moses' command to utterly destroy the Canaanites and make no covenant with them is here executed.
Supported by Matthew Henry, Matthew Poole, John Calvin, JFB
Contrast between trusting in chariots/horses versus relying on the name of the Lord.
Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB
God's law forbade Israel's kings from multiplying horses; hence Joshua houghed the captured horses.
Supported by Matthew Poole
Jabin is noted as a hereditary title or dynasty ruling from Hazor in Judges.
Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB
Identifies Gibeon as the only Hivite city that successfully made peace with Israel.
Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB
Parallels God hardening the hearts of enemies to deliver them to destruction, as with Sihon.
Supported by Matthew Henry, Matthew Poole
The Anakims, who previously terrified the faithless spies, are finally cut off by Joshua.
Supported by Matthew Henry, Matthew Poole
The idiom 'as the sand upon the sea shore' recalls the immense size of the confederacy.
Supported by John Calvin
David similarly houghed chariot horses, following Joshua's precedent of not trusting in horses.
Supported by Matthew Poole
The explicit commandment to save alive nothing that breatheth in the cities of these nations.
Supported by Matthew Poole, John Calvin
Connects the southern campaign's 'land of Goshen' with the northern conquests.
Supported by JFB
Caleb's inheritance in Hebron, where he drove out the three sons of Anak.
Supported by Matthew Henry
Identifies the Old Testament 'Cinneroth' as the Lake of Gennesaret/Sea of Galilee.
Supported by Matthew Poole
The paradigm of God hardening hearts, established during Pharaoh's resistance in Egypt.
Supported by Matthew Henry
The land resting from war foreshadows the eternal rest remaining for God's people.
Supported by Matthew Henry