Luke4
New American Standard
1Now Jesus, full of the Holy Spirit, returned from the Jordan and was led around by the Spirit in the wilderness
2for forty days, being tempted by the devil. And He ate nothing during those days, and when they had ended, He was hungry.
3And the devil said to Him, “If You are the Son of God, tell this stone to become bread.”
4And Jesus answered him, “It is written: ‘Man shall not live on bread alone.’”
5And he led Him up and showed Him all the kingdoms of the world in a moment of time.
6And the devil said to Him, “I will give You all this domain and its glory, for it has been handed over to me, and I give it to whomever I want.
7Therefore if You worship before me, it shall all be Yours.”
8Jesus replied to him, “It is written: ‘You shall worship the Lord your God and serve Him only.’”
9And he brought Him into Jerusalem and had Him stand on the pinnacle of the temple, and said to Him, “If You are the Son of God, throw Yourself down from here;
10for it is written: ‘He will give His angels orders concerning You, to protect You,’
11and, ‘On their hands they will lift You up, So that You do not strike Your foot against a stone.’”
12And Jesus answered and said to him, “It has been stated, ‘You shall not put the Lord your God to the test.’”
13And so when the devil had finished every temptation, he left Him until an opportune time.
14And Jesus returned to Galilee in the power of the Spirit, and news about Him spread through all the surrounding region.
15And He began teaching in their synagogues and was praised by all.
16And He came to Nazareth, where He had been brought up; and as was His custom, He entered the synagogue on the Sabbath, and stood up to read.
17And the scroll of Isaiah the prophet was handed to Him. And He unrolled the scroll and found the place where it was written:
18“The Spirit of the Lord is upon Me, Because He anointed Me to bring good news to the poor. He has sent Me to proclaim release to captives, And recovery of sight to the blind, To set free those who are oppressed,
19To proclaim the favorable year of the Lord.”
20And He rolled up the scroll, gave it back to the attendant, and sat down; and the eyes of all the people in the synagogue were intently directed at Him.
21Now He began to say to them, “Today this Scripture has been fulfilled in your hearing.”
22And all the people were speaking well of Him, and admiring the gracious words which were coming from His lips; and yet they were saying, “Is this not Joseph’s son?”
23And He said to them, “No doubt you will quote this proverb to Me: ‘Physician, heal yourself! All the miracles that we heard were done in Capernaum, do here in Your hometown as well.’”
24But He said, “Truly I say to you, no prophet is welcome in his hometown.
25But I say to you in truth, there were many widows in Israel in the days of Elijah, when the sky was shut up for three years and six months, when a severe famine came over all the land;
26and yet Elijah was sent to none of them, but only to Zarephath, in the land of Sidon, to a woman who was a widow.
27And there were many with leprosy in Israel in the time of Elisha the prophet; and none of them was cleansed, but only Naaman the Syrian.”
28And all the people in the synagogue were filled with rage as they heard these things;
29and they got up and drove Him out of the city, and brought Him to the crest of the hill on which their city had been built, so that they could throw Him down from the cliff.
30But He passed through their midst and went on His way.
31And He came down to Capernaum, a city of Galilee; and He was teaching them on the Sabbath;
32and they were amazed at His teaching, because His message was delivered with authority.
33In the synagogue there was a man possessed by the spirit of an unclean demon, and he cried out with a loud voice,
34“Leave us alone! What business do You have with us, Jesus of Nazareth? Have You come to destroy us? I know who You are—the Holy One of God!”
35But Jesus rebuked him, saying, “Be quiet and come out of him!” And when the demon had thrown him down in the midst of the people, it came out of him without doing him any harm.
36And amazement came upon them all, and they began talking with one another, saying, “What is this message? For with authority and power He commands the unclean spirits, and they come out!”
37And the news about Him was spreading into every locality of the surrounding region.
38Then He got up and left the synagogue, and entered Simon’s home. Now Simon’s mother-in-law was suffering from a high fever, and they asked Him to help her.
39And standing over her, He rebuked the fever, and it left her; and she immediately got up and served them.
40Now while the sun was setting, all those who had any who were sick with various diseases brought them to Him; and He was laying His hands on each one of them and healing them.
41Demons also were coming out of many, shouting, “You are the Son of God!” And yet He was rebuking them and would not allow them to speak, because they knew that He was the Christ.
42Now when day came, Jesus left and went to a secluded place; and the crowds were searching for Him, and they came to Him and tried to keep Him from leaving them.
43But He said to them, “I must also preach the kingdom of God to the other cities, because I was sent for this purpose.”
44So He kept on preaching in the synagogues of Judea.
Study Guide
Public-domain commentary and original-language notes for Luke 4.
Chapter Summary
In this chapter: The temptation of Christ. (1–13). Christ in the synagogue of Nazareth. (14–30). He casts out an unclean spirit and heals the sick. (31–44).
vv1-13
Christ's being led into the wilderness gave an advantage to the tempter; for there he was alone, none were with him by whose prayers and advice he might be helped in the hour of temptation. He who knew his own strength might give Satan advantage; but we may not, who know our own weakness. Being in all things made like unto his brethren, Jesus would, like the other children of God, live in dependence upon the Divine Providence and promise. The word of God is our sword, and faith in that word is our shield. God has many ways of providing for his people, and therefore is at all times to be depended upon in the way of duty. All Satan's promises are deceitful; and if he is permitted to have any influence in disposing of the kingdoms of the world and the glory of them, he uses them as baits to insnare men to destruction. We should reject at once and with abhorrence, every opportunity of sinful gain or advancement, as a price offered for our souls; we should seek riches, honours, and happiness in the worship and service of God only. Christ will not worship Satan; nor, when he has the kingdoms of the world delivered to him by his Father, will he suffer any remains of the worship of the devil to continue in them. Satan also tempted Jesus to be his own murderer, by unfitting confidence in his Father's protection, such as he had no warrant for. Let not any abuse of Scripture by Satan or by men abate our esteem, or cause us to abandon its use; but let us study it still, seek to know it, and seek our defence from it in all kinds of assaults. Let this word dwell richly in us, for it is our life. Our victorious Redeemer conquered, not for himself only, but for us also. The devil ended all the temptation. Christ let him try all his force, and defeated him. Satan saw it was to no purpose to attack Christ, who had nothing in him for his fiery darts to fasten upon. And if we resist the devil, he will flee from us. Yet he departed but till the season when he was again to be let loose upon Jesus, not as a tempter, to draw him to sin, and so to strike at his head, at which he now aimed and was wholly defeated in; but as a persecutor, to bring Christ to suffer, and so to bruise his heel, which it was told him, he should have to do, and would do, though it would be the breaking of his own head, Ge 3:15. Though Satan depart for a season, we shall never be out of his reach till removed from this present evil world.
vv14-30
Christ taught in their synagogues, their places of public worship, where they met to read, expound, and apply the word, to pray and praise. All the gifts and graces of the Spirit were upon him and on him, without measure. By Christ, sinners may be loosed from the bonds of guilt, and by his Spirit and grace from the bondage of corruption. He came by the word of his gospel, to bring light to those that sat in the dark, and by the power of his grace, to give sight to those that were blind. And he preached the acceptable year of the Lord. Let sinners attend to the Saviour's invitation when liberty is thus proclaimed. Christ's name was Wonderful; in nothing was he more so than in the word of his grace, and the power that went along with it. We may well wonder that he should speak such words of grace to such graceless wretches as mankind. Some prejudice often furnishes an objection against the humbling doctrine of the cross; and while it is the word of God that stirs up men's enmity, they will blame the conduct or manner of the speaker. The doctrine of God's sovereignty, his right to do his will, provokes proud men. They will not seek his favour in his own way; and are angry when others have the favours they neglect. Still is Jesus rejected by multitudes who hear the same message from his words. While they crucify him afresh by their sins, may we honour him as the Son of God, the Saviour of men, and seek to show we do so by our obedience.
vv31-44
Christ's preaching much affected the people; and a working power went with it to the consciences of men. These miracles showed Christ to be a controller and conqueror of Satan, a healer of diseases. Where Christ gives a new life, in recovery from sickness, it should be a new life, spent more than ever in his service, to his glory. Our business should be to spread abroad Christ's fame in every place, to beseech him in behalf of those diseased in body or mind, and to use our influence in bringing sinners to him, that his hands may be laid upon them for their healing. He cast the devils out of many who were possessed. We were not sent into this world to live to ourselves only, but to glorify God, and to do good in our generation. The people sought him, and came unto him. A desert is no desert, if we are with Christ there. He will continue with us, by his word and Spirit, and extend the same blessings to other nations, till, throughout the earth, the servants and worshippers of Satan are brought to acknowledge him as the Christ, the Son of God, and to find redemption through his blood, even the forgiveness of sins.
Key Words
δέ (dé): but, and, etc.
Ἰησοῦς (Iēsoûs): Jesus (i.e. Jehoshua), the name of our Lord and two (three) other Israelites
πλήρης (plḗrēs): replete, or covered over; by analogy, complete
ἅγιος (hágios): sacred (physically, pure, morally blameless or religious, ceremonially, consecrated)
πνεῦμα (pneûma): a current of air, i.e. breath (blast) or a breeze; by analogy or figuratively, a spirit, i.e. (human) the rational soul, (by implication) vital principle, mental disposition, etc., or (superhuman) an angel, demon, or (divine) God, Christ's spirit, the Holy Spirit
ὑποστρέφω (hypostréphō): to turn under (behind), i.e. to return (literally or figuratively)
ἀπό (apó): "off," i.e. away (from something near), in various senses (of place, time, or relation; literal or figurative)
Ἰορδάνης (Iordánēs): the Jordanes (i.e. Jarden), a river of Palestine
καί (kaí): and, also, even, so then, too, etc.; often used in connection (or composition) with other particles or small words
ἄγω (ágō): properly, to lead; by implication, to bring, drive, (reflexively) go, (specially) pass (time), or (figuratively) induce
Cross References
Luke 4Jesus quotes this verse to defeat Satan's first temptation to turn stones into bread.
Supported by Matthew Henry, Matthew Poole, John Calvin
Jesus quotes this command to worship God alone, soundly rejecting Satan's offer of the kingdoms.
Supported by Matthew Henry, Matthew Poole
Satan quotes and misapplies this promise of angelic protection to tempt Jesus to presumption.
Supported by Matthew Henry, Matthew Poole
Jesus quotes this command to rebuff Satan's invitation to test God's protection by jumping.
Supported by Matthew Henry, Matthew Poole
Jesus directly reads and quotes this passage as His prophetic manifesto, which is explicitly fulfilled in Him.
Supported by Matthew Henry, Matthew Poole, JFB
Jesus cites Elijah being sent exclusively to the Gentile widow of Zarephath, prefiguring His own ministry.
Supported by Matthew Henry, JFB
Jesus cites Elisha cleansing Naaman the Syrian to illustrate God's sovereign favor extending to Gentiles.
Supported by Matthew Henry, JFB
Jesus is led as one 'full of the Holy Ghost,' whom God gives without measure.
Supported by Matthew Poole
Jesus' forty-day fast typologically mirrors Moses' forty-day fast on Mount Sinai before giving the Law.
Supported by John Calvin
Satan's departure 'for a season' points forward to the bruising of Christ's heel at the Passion.
Supported by Matthew Henry
Peter's sermon echoes Luke 4:18, summarizing Jesus' ministry as being anointed with the Holy Ghost.
Supported by Matthew Poole
The 'acceptable year of the Lord' directly alludes to the liberty proclaimed during the Jubilee.
Supported by JFB
The crowd wonders at Jesus' 'gracious words,' fulfilling the Messianic prophecy of grace poured into His lips.
Supported by JFB
Parallel proverb regarding a prophet having no honor or acceptance among his own countrymen.
Supported by JFB
Parallel escape where Jesus miraculously passes through a hostile crowd attempting to kill Him.
Supported by Matthew Henry