Daniel 5NIV
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Daniel5

New International Version

1King Belshazzar gave a great banquet for a thousand of his nobles and drank wine with them.

2While Belshazzar was drinking his wine, he gave orders to bring in the gold and silver goblets that Nebuchadnezzar his father had taken from the temple in Jerusalem, so that the king and his nobles, his wives and his concubines might drink from them.

3So they brought in the gold goblets that had been taken from the temple of God in Jerusalem, and the king and his nobles, his wives and his concubines drank from them.

4As they drank the wine, they praised the gods of gold and silver, of bronze, iron, wood and stone.

5Suddenly the fingers of a human hand appeared and wrote on the plaster of the wall, near the lampstand in the royal palace. The king watched the hand as it wrote.

6His face turned pale and he was so frightened that his legs became weak and his knees were knocking.

7The king summoned the enchanters, astrologers and diviners. Then he said to these wise men of Babylon, “Whoever reads this writing and tells me what it means will be clothed in purple and have a gold chain placed around his neck, and he will be made the third highest ruler in the kingdom.”

8Then all the king’s wise men came in, but they could not read the writing or tell the king what it meant.

9So King Belshazzar became even more terrified and his face grew more pale. His nobles were baffled.

10The queen, hearing the voices of the king and his nobles, came into the banquet hall. “May the king live forever!” she said. “Don’t be alarmed! Don’t look so pale!

11There is a man in your kingdom who has the spirit of the holy gods in him. In the time of your father he was found to have insight and intelligence and wisdom like that of the gods. Your father, King Nebuchadnezzar, appointed him chief of the magicians, enchanters, astrologers and diviners.

12He did this because Daniel, whom the king called Belteshazzar, was found to have a keen mind and knowledge and understanding, and also the ability to interpret dreams, explain riddles and solve difficult problems. Call for Daniel, and he will tell you what the writing means.”

13So Daniel was brought before the king, and the king said to him, “Are you Daniel, one of the exiles my father the king brought from Judah?

14I have heard that the spirit of the gods is in you and that you have insight, intelligence and outstanding wisdom.

15The wise men and enchanters were brought before me to read this writing and tell me what it means, but they could not explain it.

16Now I have heard that you are able to give interpretations and to solve difficult problems. If you can read this writing and tell me what it means, you will be clothed in purple and have a gold chain placed around your neck, and you will be made the third highest ruler in the kingdom.”

17Then Daniel answered the king, “You may keep your gifts for yourself and give your rewards to someone else. Nevertheless, I will read the writing for the king and tell him what it means.

18“Your Majesty, the Most High God gave your father Nebuchadnezzar sovereignty and greatness and glory and splendor.

19Because of the high position he gave him, all the nations and peoples of every language dreaded and feared him. Those the king wanted to put to death, he put to death; those he wanted to spare, he spared; those he wanted to promote, he promoted; and those he wanted to humble, he humbled.

20But when his heart became arrogant and hardened with pride, he was deposed from his royal throne and stripped of his glory.

21He was driven away from people and given the mind of an animal; he lived with the wild donkeys and ate grass like the ox; and his body was drenched with the dew of heaven, until he acknowledged that the Most High God is sovereign over all kingdoms on earth and sets over them anyone he wishes.

22“But you, Belshazzar, his son, have not humbled yourself, though you knew all this.

23Instead, you have set yourself up against the Lord of heaven. You had the goblets from his temple brought to you, and you and your nobles, your wives and your concubines drank wine from them. You praised the gods of silver and gold, of bronze, iron, wood and stone, which cannot see or hear or understand. But you did not honor the God who holds in his hand your life and all your ways.

24Therefore he sent the hand that wrote the inscription.

25“This is the inscription that was written: mene, mene, tekel, parsin

26“Here is what these words mean: Mene: God has numbered the days of your reign and brought it to an end.

27Tekel: You have been weighed on the scales and found wanting.

28Peres: Your kingdom is divided and given to the Medes and Persians.”

29Then at Belshazzar’s command, Daniel was clothed in purple, a gold chain was placed around his neck, and he was proclaimed the third highest ruler in the kingdom.

30That very night Belshazzar, king of the Babylonians, was slain,

31and Darius the Mede took over the kingdom, at the age of sixty-two.

Study Guide

Public-domain commentary and original-language notes for Daniel 5.

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Chapter Summary

In this chapter: Belshazzar's impious feast; the hand-writing on the wall. (1-9). Daniel is sent for to interpret it. (10-17). Daniel warns the king of his destruction. (18-31).

vv1-9

Belshazzar bade defiance to the judgments of God. Most historians consider that Cyrus then besieged Babylon. Security and sensuality are sad proofs of approaching ruin. That mirth is sinful indeed, which profanes sacred things; and what are many of the songs used at modern feasts better than the praises sung by the heathens to their gods! See how God struck terror upon Belshazzar and his lords. God's written word is enough to put the proudest, boldest sinner in a fright. What we see of God, the part of the hand that writes in the book of the creatures, and in the book of the Scriptures, should fill us with awful thoughts concerning that part which we do not see. If this be the finger of God, what is his arm when made bare? And what is He? The king's guilty conscience told him that he had no reason to expect any good news from heaven. God can, in a moment, make the heart of the stoutest sinner to tremble; and there needs no more than to let loose his own thoughts upon him; they will give him trouble enough. No bodily pain can equal the inward agony which sometimes seizes the sinner in the midst of mirth, carnal pleasures, and worldly pomp. Sometimes terrors cause a man to flee to Christ for pardon and peace; but many cry out for fear of wrath, who are not humbled for their sins, and who seek relief by lying vanities. The ignorance and uncertainty concerning the Holy Scriptures, shown by many who call themselves wise, only tend to drive sinners to despair, as the ignorance of these wise men did.

vv10-17

Daniel was forgotten at court; he lived privately, and was then ninety years of age. Many consult servants of God on curious questions, or to explain difficult subjects, but without asking the way of salvation, or the path of duty. Daniel slighted the offer of reward. He spoke to Belshazzar as to a condemned criminal. We should despise all the gifts and rewards this world can give, did we see, as we may by faith, its end hastening on; but let us do our duty in the world, and do it all the real service we can.

vv18-31

Daniel reads Belshazzar's doom. He had not taken warning by the judgments upon Nebuchadnezzar. And he had insulted God. Sinners are pleased with gods that neither see, nor hear, nor know; but they will be judged by One to whom all things are open. Daniel reads the sentence written on the wall. All this may well be applied to the doom of every sinner. At death, the sinner's days are numbered and finished; after death is the judgment, when he will be weighed in the balance, and found wanting; and after judgment the sinner will be cut asunder, and given as a prey to the devil and his angels. While these things were passing in the palace, it is considered that the army of Cyrus entered the city; and when Belshazzar was slain, a general submission followed. Soon will every impenitent sinner find the writing of God's word brought to pass upon him, whether he is weighed in the balance of the law as a self-righteous Pharisee, or in that of the gospel as a painted hypocrite.

Cross References

Daniel 5
v6Isaiah 21:2-4thematic

Prophetic description of the sudden terror and physical trembling of Babylon's king during a feast.

Supported by Matthew Henry, Matthew Poole, John Calvin, JFB

v2Jeremiah 27:7thematic

Jeremiah foretells that nations would serve Nebuchadnezzar, his son, and his grandson (Belshazzar).

Supported by Matthew Poole, John Calvin, JFB

v2Daniel 1:2thematic

Establishes the origin of the temple vessels that Belshazzar sacrilegiously abuses.

Supported by John Calvin

v1Isaiah 47:8thematic

Prophetic rebuke of Babylon's secure, careless pleasure-seeking and false sense of safety.

Supported by Matthew Henry, Matthew Poole, John Calvin, JFB

v1Jeremiah 51:57thematic

Prophecy that Babylon's princes and rulers would be made drunk and sleep a perpetual sleep.

Supported by Matthew Henry, Matthew Poole

v2Ezra 1:7-11thematic

Traces the ultimate return of these same temple vessels back to Jerusalem.

Supported by Matthew Poole

v6Isaiah 45:1thematic

Prophecy that God would loose the loins of kings before Cyrus, fulfilled in Belshazzar's terror.

Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB

v20Daniel 4:31thematic

Historical precedent of a divine voice removing the kingdom from proud Nebuchadnezzar.

Supported by Matthew Poole, John Calvin

v23Isaiah 44:9thematic

Exposes the folly of praising lifeless idols of wood and stone over the living God.

Supported by JFB

v13Daniel 5:11thematic

Identifies Daniel's status and previous service under Belshazzar's predecessor.

Supported by Matthew Poole, John Calvin

v20Daniel 4:37thematic

Nebuchadnezzar's warning that God is able to abase those who walk in pride.

Supported by Matthew Henry

v20Proverbs 16:18thematic

Wisdom principle linking pride directly to destruction and a haughty spirit to a fall.

Supported by Matthew Henry

v21Daniel 4:25thematic

The exact judgment predicted and fulfilled upon Nebuchadnezzar that Belshazzar ignored.

Supported by John Calvin

v22Daniel 5:18thematic

Daniel explicitly bases Belshazzar's guilt on his failure to learn from his father's history.

Supported by Matthew Poole

v11Daniel 2:47thematic

Contrast between Nebuchadnezzar's ultimate acknowledgment of God and Belshazzar's defiance.

Supported by John Calvin