Isaiah33
New International Version
1Woe to you, destroyer, you who have not been destroyed! Woe to you, betrayer, you who have not been betrayed! When you stop destroying, you will be destroyed; when you stop betraying, you will be betrayed.
2Lord, be gracious to us; we long for you. Be our strength every morning, our salvation in time of distress.
3At the uproar of your army, the peoples flee; when you rise up, the nations scatter.
4Your plunder, O nations, is harvested as by young locusts; like a swarm of locusts people pounce on it.
5The Lord is exalted, for he dwells on high; he will fill Zion with his justice and righteousness.
6He will be the sure foundation for your times, a rich store of salvation and wisdom and knowledge; the fear of the Lord is the key to this treasure.
7Look, their brave men cry aloud in the streets; the envoys of peace weep bitterly.
8The highways are deserted, no travelers are on the roads. The treaty is broken, its witnesses are despised, no one is respected.
9The land dries up and wastes away, Lebanon is ashamed and withers; Sharon is like the Arabah, and Bashan and Carmel drop their leaves.
10“Now will I arise,” says the Lord. “Now will I be exalted; now will I be lifted up.
11You conceive chaff, you give birth to straw; your breath is a fire that consumes you.
12The peoples will be burned to ashes; like cut thornbushes they will be set ablaze.”
13You who are far away, hear what I have done; you who are near, acknowledge my power!
14The sinners in Zion are terrified; trembling grips the godless: “Who of us can dwell with the consuming fire? Who of us can dwell with everlasting burning?”
15Those who walk righteously and speak what is right, who reject gain from extortion and keep their hands from accepting bribes, who stop their ears against plots of murder and shut their eyes against contemplating evil—
16they are the ones who will dwell on the heights, whose refuge will be the mountain fortress. Their bread will be supplied, and water will not fail them.
17Your eyes will see the king in his beauty and view a land that stretches afar.
18In your thoughts you will ponder the former terror: “Where is that chief officer? Where is the one who took the revenue? Where is the officer in charge of the towers?”
19You will see those arrogant people no more, people whose speech is obscure, whose language is strange and incomprehensible.
20Look on Zion, the city of our festivals; your eyes will see Jerusalem, a peaceful abode, a tent that will not be moved; its stakes will never be pulled up, nor any of its ropes broken.
21There the Lord will be our Mighty One. It will be like a place of broad rivers and streams. No galley with oars will ride them, no mighty ship will sail them.
22For the Lord is our judge, the Lord is our lawgiver, the Lord is our king; it is he who will save us.
23Your rigging hangs loose: The mast is not held secure, the sail is not spread. Then an abundance of spoils will be divided and even the lame will carry off plunder.
24No one living in Zion will say, “I am ill”; and the sins of those who dwell there will be forgiven.
Study Guide
Public-domain commentary and original-language notes for Isaiah 33.
Chapter Summary
In this chapter: God's judgments against the enemies of his church. (1-14). The happiness of his people. (15-24).
vv1-14
Here we have the proud and false destroyer justly reckoned with for all his fraud and violence. The righteous God often pays sinners in their own coin. Those who by faith humbly wait for God, shall find him gracious to them; as the day, so let the strength be. If God leaves us to ourselves any morning, we are undone; we must every morning commit ourselves to him, and go forth in his strength to do the work of the day. When God arises, his enemies are scattered. True wisdom and knowledge lead to strength of salvation, which renders us stedfast in the ways of God; and true piety is the only treasure which can never be plundered or spent. The distress Jerusalem was brought into, is described. God's time to appear for his people, is, when all other helpers fail. Let all who hear what God has done, acknowledge that he can do every thing. Sinners in Zion will have much to answer for, above other sinners. And those that rebel against the commands of the word, cannot take its comforts in time of need. His wrath will burn those everlastingly who make themselves fuel for it. It is a fire that shall never be quenched, nor ever go out of itself; it is the wrath of an ever-living God preying on the conscience of a never-dying soul.
vv15-24
The true believer watches against all occasions of sin. The Divine power will keep him safe, and his faith in that power will keep him easy. He shall want nothing needful for him. Every blessing of salvation is freely bestowed on all that ask with humble, believing prayer; and the believer is safe in time and for ever. Those that walk uprightly shall not only have bread given, and their water sure, but they shall, by faith, see the King of kings in his beauty, the beauty of holiness. The remembrance of the terror they were in, shall add to the pleasure of their deliverance. It is desirable to be quiet in our own houses, but much more so to be quiet in God's house; and in every age Christ will have a seed to serve him. Jerusalem had no large river running by it, but the presence and power of God make up all wants. We have all in God, all we need, or can desire. By faith we take Christ for our Prince and Saviour; he reigns over his redeemed people. All that refuse to have Him to reign over them, make shipwreck of their souls. Sickness is taken away in mercy, when the fruit of it is the taking away of sin. If iniquity be taken away, we have little reason to complain of outward affliction. This last verse leads our thoughts, not only to the most glorious state of the gospel church on earth, but to heaven, where no sickness or trouble can enter. He that blotteth out our transgressions, will heal our souls.
Key Words
הוֹי: oh!
שָׁדַד: properly, to be burly, i.e. (figuratively) powerful (passively, impregnable); by implication, to ravage
לֹא: not (the simple or abs. negation); by implication, no; often used with other particles
בָּגַד: to cover (with a garment); figuratively, to act covertly; by implication, to pillage
תָּמַם: to complete, in a good or a bad sense, literal, or figurative, transitive or intransitive
נָלָה: to complete
חָנַן: properly, to bend or stoop in kindness to an inferior; to favor, bestow; causatively to implore (i.e. move to favor by petition)
קָוָה: to bind together (perhaps by twisting), i.e. collect; (figuratively) to expect
זְרוֹעַ: the arm (as stretched out), or (of animals) the foreleg; figuratively, force
בֹּקֶר: properly, dawn (as the break of day); generally, morning
Cross References
Isaiah 33Sennacherib breaking his covenant with Hezekiah despite the payment of tribute.
Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB
The dramatic destruction of Sennacherib's army, fulfilling the doom of the unprovoked spoiler.
Supported by Matthew Henry, Matthew Poole, JFB
The retributive principle that those who spoil others will ultimately be spoiled themselves.
Supported by JFB
The weeping ambassadors of peace sent to Rabshakeh during the Assyrian siege.
Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB
Echoes the classic liturgical question and answer regarding who may dwell in God's holy presence.
Supported by JFB
Paul's triumphantly adapted query 'Where is the scribe?' celebrating God's defeat of worldly wisdom.
Supported by Matthew Henry
The severe image of divine wrath turning enemies into 'burnings of lime' or bone-ash.
Supported by JFB
The solemn realization of eternal burnings and unquenchable fire facing the hypocrites and wicked.
Supported by Matthew Henry, JFB
Saints defined by clean hands, pure hearts, and refusal of deceitful gain.
Supported by JFB
The terrifying threat of a fierce, invading nation whose foreign tongue cannot be understood.
Supported by Matthew Poole
Jerusalem, lacking literal rivers, is watered by the secure and quiet streams of God's presence.
Supported by Matthew Henry
Hezekiah's trust and divine deliverance, demonstrating that the fear of the Lord is stability.
Supported by Matthew Poole
Highways lying desolate and travelers ceasing, representing extreme national terror and ruin.
Supported by John Calvin
Sharon and Lebanon, here desolate under judgment, are later restored to magnificent beauty.
Supported by JFB
The linkage of physical healing and restoration to the ultimate forgiveness of iniquity.
Supported by Matthew Henry