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Job14

New International Version

1“Mortals, born of woman, are of few days and full of trouble.

2They spring up like flowers and wither away; like fleeting shadows, they do not endure.

3Do you fix your eye on them? Will you bring them before you for judgment?

4Who can bring what is pure from the impure? No one!

5A person’s days are determined; you have decreed the number of his months and have set limits he cannot exceed.

6So look away from him and let him alone, till he has put in his time like a hired laborer.

7“At least there is hope for a tree: If it is cut down, it will sprout again, and its new shoots will not fail.

8Its roots may grow old in the ground and its stump die in the soil,

9yet at the scent of water it will bud and put forth shoots like a plant.

10But a man dies and is laid low; he breathes his last and is no more.

11As the water of a lake dries up or a riverbed becomes parched and dry,

12so he lies down and does not rise; till the heavens are no more, people will not awake or be roused from their sleep.

13“If only you would hide me in the grave and conceal me till your anger has passed! If only you would set me a time and then remember me!

14If someone dies, will they live again? All the days of my hard service I will wait for my renewal to come.

15You will call and I will answer you; you will long for the creature your hands have made.

16Surely then you will count my steps but not keep track of my sin.

17My offenses will be sealed up in a bag; you will cover over my sin.

18“But as a mountain erodes and crumbles and as a rock is moved from its place,

19as water wears away stones and torrents wash away the soil, so you destroy a person’s hope.

20You overpower them once for all, and they are gone; you change their countenance and send them away.

21If their children are honored, they do not know it; if their offspring are brought low, they do not see it.

22They feel but the pain of their own bodies and mourn only for themselves.”

Study Guide

Public-domain commentary and original-language notes for Job 14.

Full AI study →

Chapter Summary

In this chapter: Job speaks of man's life. (1–6). Of man's death. (7–15). By sin man is subject to corruption. (16–22).

vv1-6

Job enlarges upon the condition of man, addressing himself also to God. Every man of Adam's fallen race is short-lived. All his show of beauty, happiness, and splendour falls before the stroke of sickness or death, as the flower before the scythe; or passes away like the shadow. How is it possible for a man's conduct to be sinless, when his heart is by nature unclean? Here is a clear proof that Job understood and believed the doctrine of original sin. He seems to have intended it as a plea, why the Lord should not deal with him according to his own works, but according to His mercy and grace. It is determined, in the counsel and decree of God, how long we shall live. Our times are in his hands, the powers of nature act under him; in him we live and move. And it is very useful to reflect seriously on the shortness and uncertainty of human life, and the fading nature of all earthly enjoyments. But it is still more important to look at the cause, and remedy of these evils. Until we are born of the Spirit, no spiritually good thing dwells in us, or can proceed from us. Even the little good in the regenerate is defiled with sin. We should therefore humble ourselves before God, and cast ourselves wholly on the mercy of God, through our Divine Surety. We should daily seek the renewing of the Holy Ghost, and look to heaven as the only place of perfect holiness and happiness.

vv7-15

Though a tree is cut down, yet, in a moist situation, shoots come forth, and grow up as a newly planted tree. But when man is cut off by death, he is for ever removed from his place in this world. The life of man may fitly be compared to the waters of a land flood, which spread far, but soon dry up. All Job's expressions here show his belief in the great doctrine of the resurrection. Job's friends proving miserable comforters, he pleases himself with the expectation of a change. If our sins are forgiven, and our hearts renewed to holiness, heaven will be the rest of our souls, while our bodies are hidden in the grave from the malice of our enemies, feeling no more pain from our corruptions, or our corrections.

vv16-22

Job's faith and hope spake, and grace appeared to revive; but depravity again prevailed. He represents God as carrying matters to extremity against him. The Lord must prevail against all who contend with him. God may send disease and pain, we may lose all comfort in those near and dear to us, every hope of earthly happiness may be destroyed, but God will receive the believer into realms of eternal happiness. But what a change awaits the prosperous unbeliever! How will he answer when God shall call him to his tribunal? The Lord is yet upon a mercy-seat, ready to be gracious. Oh that sinners would be wise, that they would consider their latter end! While man's flesh is upon him, that is, the body he is so loth to lay down, it shall have pain; and while his soul is within him, that is, the spirit he is so loth to resign, it shall mourn. Dying work is hard work; dying pangs often are sore pangs. It is folly for men to defer repentance to a death-bed, and to have that to do which is the one thing needful, when unfit to do anything.

Cross References

Job 14
v1Job 15:14thematic

Parallel reasoning on man born of woman being unclean and unable to justify himself.

Supported by Matthew Poole

v5Job 7:1thematic

Connects man's determined days on earth with the hard service of an appointed time.

Supported by JFB

v12Job 19:25-27thematic

Clarifies Job's progressive, triumphant hope of bodily resurrection despite his current dark musings.

Supported by JFB

v1Matthew 11:11thematic

Verbal link of 'born of women' expressing the inherent limitations of natural human birth.

Supported by JFB

v1Genesis 47:9thematic

Echoes Jacob's assessment of life's brevity and trouble: 'few and evil have the days...'

Supported by JFB

v4John 3:6thematic

New Testament realization of the impossibility of bringing spiritual cleanness out of natural, unclean birth.

Supported by Matthew Henry

v12Psalms 102:26thematic

Old Testament expectation of the ultimate passing away or changing of the current heavens.

Supported by JFB

v13Isaiah 26:20thematic

Imagery of God's people being hidden in safety until His indignation or wrath is overpast.

Supported by JFB

v16Job 7:20thematic

Parallels Job's distress over God watching him so closely as an adversarial observer.

Supported by JFB

v2Psalms 90:5-9thematic

Graphic comparison of frail human life to a flourishing flower that quickly fades and is cut down.

Supported by JFB

v5Acts 17:26thematic

Confirms God's sovereign appointment of the pre-determined times and boundaries of human existence.

v17Hosea 13:12thematic

Parallel imagery of sin being bound up and stored away before judgment.