Acts17
New International Version
1When Paul and his companions had passed through Amphipolis and Apollonia, they came to Thessalonica, where there was a Jewish synagogue.
2As was his custom, Paul went into the synagogue, and on three Sabbath days he reasoned with them from the Scriptures,
3explaining and proving that the Messiah had to suffer and rise from the dead. “This Jesus I am proclaiming to you is the Messiah,” he said.
4Some of the Jews were persuaded and joined Paul and Silas, as did a large number of God-fearing Greeks and quite a few prominent women.
5But other Jews were jealous; so they rounded up some bad characters from the marketplace, formed a mob and started a riot in the city. They rushed to Jason’s house in search of Paul and Silas in order to bring them out to the crowd.
6But when they did not find them, they dragged Jason and some other believers before the city officials, shouting: “These men who have caused trouble all over the world have now come here,
7and Jason has welcomed them into his house. They are all defying Caesar’s decrees, saying that there is another king, one called Jesus.”
8When they heard this, the crowd and the city officials were thrown into turmoil.
9Then they made Jason and the others post bond and let them go.
10As soon as it was night, the believers sent Paul and Silas away to Berea. On arriving there, they went to the Jewish synagogue.
11Now the Berean Jews were of more noble character than those in Thessalonica, for they received the message with great eagerness and examined the Scriptures every day to see if what Paul said was true.
12As a result, many of them believed, as did also a number of prominent Greek women and many Greek men.
13But when the Jews in Thessalonica learned that Paul was preaching the word of God at Berea, some of them went there too, agitating the crowds and stirring them up.
14The believers immediately sent Paul to the coast, but Silas and Timothy stayed at Berea.
15Those who escorted Paul brought him to Athens and then left with instructions for Silas and Timothy to join him as soon as possible.
16While Paul was waiting for them in Athens, he was greatly distressed to see that the city was full of idols.
17So he reasoned in the synagogue with both Jews and God-fearing Greeks, as well as in the marketplace day by day with those who happened to be there.
18A group of Epicurean and Stoic philosophers began to debate with him. Some of them asked, “What is this babbler trying to say?” Others remarked, “He seems to be advocating foreign gods.” They said this because Paul was preaching the good news about Jesus and the resurrection.
19Then they took him and brought him to a meeting of the Areopagus, where they said to him, “May we know what this new teaching is that you are presenting?
20You are bringing some strange ideas to our ears, and we would like to know what they mean.”
21(All the Athenians and the foreigners who lived there spent their time doing nothing but talking about and listening to the latest ideas.)
22Paul then stood up in the meeting of the Areopagus and said: “People of Athens! I see that in every way you are very religious.
23For as I walked around and looked carefully at your objects of worship, I even found an altar with this inscription: to an unknown god. So you are ignorant of the very thing you worship—and this is what I am going to proclaim to you.
24“The God who made the world and everything in it is the Lord of heaven and earth and does not live in temples built by human hands.
25And he is not served by human hands, as if he needed anything. Rather, he himself gives everyone life and breath and everything else.
26From one man he made all the nations, that they should inhabit the whole earth; and he marked out their appointed times in history and the boundaries of their lands.
27God did this so that they would seek him and perhaps reach out for him and find him, though he is not far from any one of us.
28‘For in him we live and move and have our being.’ As some of your own poets have said, ‘We are his offspring.’
29“Therefore since we are God’s offspring, we should not think that the divine being is like gold or silver or stone—an image made by human design and skill.
30In the past God overlooked such ignorance, but now he commands all people everywhere to repent.
31For he has set a day when he will judge the world with justice by the man he has appointed. He has given proof of this to everyone by raising him from the dead.”
32When they heard about the resurrection of the dead, some of them sneered, but others said, “We want to hear you again on this subject.”
33At that, Paul left the Council.
34Some of the people became followers of Paul and believed. Among them was Dionysius, a member of the Areopagus, also a woman named Damaris, and a number of others.
Study Guide
Public-domain commentary and original-language notes for Acts 17.
Chapter Summary
In this chapter: Paul at Thessalonica. (1–9). The noble conduct of the Bereans. (10–15). Paul at Athens. (16–21). He preaches there. (22–31). The scornful conduct of the Athenians. (32–34).
vv1-9
The drift and scope of Paul's preaching and arguing, was to prove that Jesus is the Christ. He must needs suffer for us, because he could not otherwise purchase our redemption for us; and he must needs have risen again, because he could not otherwise apply the redemption to us. We are to preach concerning Jesus that he is Christ; therefore we may hope to be saved by him, and are bound to be ruled by him. The unbelieving Jews were angry, because the apostles preached to the Gentiles, that they might be saved. How strange it is, that men should grudge others the privileges they will not themselves accept! Neither rulers nor people need be troubled at the increase of real Christians, even though turbulent spirits should make religion the pretext for evil designs. Of such let us beware, from such let us withdraw, that we may show a desire to act aright in society, while we claim our right to worship God according to our consciences.
vv10-15
The Jews in Berea applied seriously to the study of the word preached unto them. They not only heard Paul preach on the sabbath, but daily searched the Scriptures, and compared what they read with the facts related to them. The doctrine of Christ does not fear inquiry; advocates for his cause desire no more than that people will fully and fairly examine whether things are so or not. Those are truly noble, and likely to be more and more so, who make the Scriptures their rule, and consult them accordingly. May all the hearers of the gospel become like those of Berea, receiving the word with readiness of mind, and searching the Scriptures daily, whether the things preached to them are so.
vv16-21
Athens was then famed for polite learning, philosophy, and the fine arts; but none are more childish and superstitious, more impious, or more credulous, than some persons, deemed eminent for learning and ability. It was wholly given to idolatry. The zealous advocate for the cause of Christ will be ready to plead for it in all companies, as occasion offers. Most of these learned men took no notice of Paul; but some, whose principles were the most directly contrary to Christianity, made remarks upon him. The apostle ever dwelt upon two points, which are indeed the principal doctrines of Christianity, Christ and a future state; Christ our way, and heaven our end. They looked on this as very different from the knowledge for many ages taught and professed at Athens; they desire to know more of it, but only because it was new and strange. They led him to the place where judges sat who inquired into such matters. They asked about Paul's doctrine, not because it was good, but because it was new. Great talkers are always busy-bodies. They spend their time in nothing else, and a very uncomfortable account they have to give of their time who thus spend it. Time is precious, and we are concerned to employ it well, because eternity depends upon it, but much is wasted in unprofitable conversation.
Key Words
δέ (dé): but, and, etc.
διοδεύω (diodeúō): to travel through
Ἀμφίπολις (Amphípolis): a city surrounded by a river; Amphipolis, a place in Macedonia
καί (kaí): and, also, even, so then, too, etc.; often used in connection (or composition) with other particles or small words
Ἀπολλωνία (Apollōnía): from G622 (ἀπόλλυμι)); Apollonia, a place in Macedonia
ἔρχομαι (érchomai): to come or go (in a great variety of applications, literally and figuratively)
εἰς (eis): to or into (indicating the point reached or entered), of place, time, or (figuratively) purpose (result, etc.); also in adverbial phrases
Θεσσαλονίκη (Thessaloníkē): Thessalonice, a place in Asia Minor
ὅπου (hópou): what(-ever) where, i.e. at whichever spot
ἦν (ēn): I (thou, etc.) was (wast or were)
Cross References
Acts 17Jesus and Paul both reasoned from the Old Testament Scriptures to prove the necessary suffering of Christ.
Supported by Matthew Poole, John Calvin
The accusation of setting up "another king, one Jesus" echoes the charge against Jesus before Caesar.
Supported by JFB
Like the Bereans, all claims must be tested against the law and the testimony of Scripture.
Supported by Matthew Poole, John Calvin
Paul consistently went to the local Jewish synagogues first, both in Thessalonica and in Berea.
Supported by Matthew Poole, John Calvin
Paul follows Jesus' own model of opening and expounding the Scriptures concerning the suffering Messiah.
Supported by Matthew Poole
Sincere willingness to do God's will corresponds to the Bereans' readiness of mind to receive truth.
Supported by JFB
Paul's initial distress over Athens' idolatry directly motivates his speech on Mars' Hill.
Supported by Matthew Henry, Matthew Poole
Paul's sermon to pagans at Lystra matches his Athenian approach, pointing to the Creator God.
Supported by Matthew Henry
Stephen's temple speech is echoed by Paul's declaration that God does not dwell in man-made temples.
Supported by Matthew Poole
Alludes to God setting the boundaries of the nations according to His divine sovereign decree.
Supported by Matthew Poole
Parallels Paul's assertion at Lystra that God previously allowed nations to walk in their own ways.
Supported by Matthew Henry
Paul commends the Thessalonian church for sounding forth the word throughout Macedonia and Achaia.
Supported by JFB
Paul's custom of entering the synagogue on the Sabbath mirrors Jesus' lifelong practice in Galilee.
Supported by Matthew Poole
Paul recalls preaching at Thessalonica with much contention immediately after being mistreated at Philippi.
Supported by JFB