All books

Job14

World English Bible · Public Domain

1“Man, who is born of a woman, is of few days, and full of trouble.

2He grows up like a flower, and is cut down. He also flees like a shadow, and doesn’t continue.

3Do you open your eyes on such a one, and bring me into judgment with you?

4Who can bring a clean thing out of an unclean? Not one.

5Seeing his days are determined, the number of his months is with you, and you have appointed his bounds that he can’t pass.

6Look away from him, that he may rest, until he accomplishes, as a hireling, his day.

7“For there is hope for a tree if it is cut down, that it will sprout again, that the tender branch of it will not cease.

8Though its root grows old in the earth, and its stock dies in the ground,

9yet through the scent of water it will bud, and sprout boughs like a plant.

10But man dies, and is laid low. Yes, man gives up the spirit, and where is he?

11As the waters fail from the sea, and the river wastes and dries up,

12so man lies down and doesn’t rise. Until the heavens are no more, they will not awake, nor be roused out of their sleep.

13“Oh that you would hide me in Sheol, that you would keep me secret until your wrath is past, that you would appoint me a set time and remember me!

14If a man dies, will he live again? I would wait all the days of my warfare, until my release should come.

15You would call, and I would answer you. You would have a desire for the work of your hands.

16But now you count my steps. Don’t you watch over my sin?

17My disobedience is sealed up in a bag. You fasten up my iniquity.

18“But the mountain falling comes to nothing. The rock is removed out of its place.

19The waters wear the stones. The torrents of it wash away the dust of the earth. So you destroy the hope of man.

20You forever prevail against him, and he departs. You change his face, and send him away.

21His sons come to honor, and he doesn’t know it. They are brought low, but he doesn’t perceive it of them.

22But his flesh on him has pain, and his soul within him mourns.”

Study Guide

Public-domain commentary and original-language notes for Job 14.

Full AI study →

Chapter Summary

In this chapter: Job speaks of man's life. (1–6). Of man's death. (7–15). By sin man is subject to corruption. (16–22).

vv1-6

Job enlarges upon the condition of man, addressing himself also to God. Every man of Adam's fallen race is short-lived. All his show of beauty, happiness, and splendour falls before the stroke of sickness or death, as the flower before the scythe; or passes away like the shadow. How is it possible for a man's conduct to be sinless, when his heart is by nature unclean? Here is a clear proof that Job understood and believed the doctrine of original sin. He seems to have intended it as a plea, why the Lord should not deal with him according to his own works, but according to His mercy and grace. It is determined, in the counsel and decree of God, how long we shall live. Our times are in his hands, the powers of nature act under him; in him we live and move. And it is very useful to reflect seriously on the shortness and uncertainty of human life, and the fading nature of all earthly enjoyments. But it is still more important to look at the cause, and remedy of these evils. Until we are born of the Spirit, no spiritually good thing dwells in us, or can proceed from us. Even the little good in the regenerate is defiled with sin. We should therefore humble ourselves before God, and cast ourselves wholly on the mercy of God, through our Divine Surety. We should daily seek the renewing of the Holy Ghost, and look to heaven as the only place of perfect holiness and happiness.

vv7-15

Though a tree is cut down, yet, in a moist situation, shoots come forth, and grow up as a newly planted tree. But when man is cut off by death, he is for ever removed from his place in this world. The life of man may fitly be compared to the waters of a land flood, which spread far, but soon dry up. All Job's expressions here show his belief in the great doctrine of the resurrection. Job's friends proving miserable comforters, he pleases himself with the expectation of a change. If our sins are forgiven, and our hearts renewed to holiness, heaven will be the rest of our souls, while our bodies are hidden in the grave from the malice of our enemies, feeling no more pain from our corruptions, or our corrections.

vv16-22

Job's faith and hope spake, and grace appeared to revive; but depravity again prevailed. He represents God as carrying matters to extremity against him. The Lord must prevail against all who contend with him. God may send disease and pain, we may lose all comfort in those near and dear to us, every hope of earthly happiness may be destroyed, but God will receive the believer into realms of eternal happiness. But what a change awaits the prosperous unbeliever! How will he answer when God shall call him to his tribunal? The Lord is yet upon a mercy-seat, ready to be gracious. Oh that sinners would be wise, that they would consider their latter end! While man's flesh is upon him, that is, the body he is so loth to lay down, it shall have pain; and while his soul is within him, that is, the spirit he is so loth to resign, it shall mourn. Dying work is hard work; dying pangs often are sore pangs. It is folly for men to defer repentance to a death-bed, and to have that to do which is the one thing needful, when unfit to do anything.

Cross References

Job 14
v1Job 15:14thematic

Parallel reasoning on man born of woman being unclean and unable to justify himself.

Supported by Matthew Poole

v5Job 7:1thematic

Connects man's determined days on earth with the hard service of an appointed time.

Supported by JFB

v12Job 19:25-27thematic

Clarifies Job's progressive, triumphant hope of bodily resurrection despite his current dark musings.

Supported by JFB

v1Matthew 11:11thematic

Verbal link of 'born of women' expressing the inherent limitations of natural human birth.

Supported by JFB

v1Genesis 47:9thematic

Echoes Jacob's assessment of life's brevity and trouble: 'few and evil have the days...'

Supported by JFB

v4John 3:6thematic

New Testament realization of the impossibility of bringing spiritual cleanness out of natural, unclean birth.

Supported by Matthew Henry

v12Psalms 102:26thematic

Old Testament expectation of the ultimate passing away or changing of the current heavens.

Supported by JFB

v13Isaiah 26:20thematic

Imagery of God's people being hidden in safety until His indignation or wrath is overpast.

Supported by JFB

v16Job 7:20thematic

Parallels Job's distress over God watching him so closely as an adversarial observer.

Supported by JFB

v2Psalms 90:5-9thematic

Graphic comparison of frail human life to a flourishing flower that quickly fades and is cut down.

Supported by JFB

v5Acts 17:26thematic

Confirms God's sovereign appointment of the pre-determined times and boundaries of human existence.

v17Hosea 13:12thematic

Parallel imagery of sin being bound up and stored away before judgment.