Judges 6NIV
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Judges6

New International Version

1The Israelites did evil in the eyes of the Lord, and for seven years he gave them into the hands of the Midianites.

2Because the power of Midian was so oppressive, the Israelites prepared shelters for themselves in mountain clefts, caves and strongholds.

3Whenever the Israelites planted their crops, the Midianites, Amalekites and other eastern peoples invaded the country.

4They camped on the land and ruined the crops all the way to Gaza and did not spare a living thing for Israel, neither sheep nor cattle nor donkeys.

5They came up with their livestock and their tents like swarms of locusts. It was impossible to count them or their camels; they invaded the land to ravage it.

6Midian so impoverished the Israelites that they cried out to the Lord for help.

7When the Israelites cried out to the Lord because of Midian,

8he sent them a prophet, who said, “This is what the Lord, the God of Israel, says: I brought you up out of Egypt, out of the land of slavery.

9I rescued you from the hand of the Egyptians. And I delivered you from the hand of all your oppressors; I drove them out before you and gave you their land.

10I said to you, ‘I am the Lord your God; do not worship the gods of the Amorites, in whose land you live.’ But you have not listened to me.”

11The angel of the Lord came and sat down under the oak in Ophrah that belonged to Joash the Abiezrite, where his son Gideon was threshing wheat in a winepress to keep it from the Midianites.

12When the angel of the Lord appeared to Gideon, he said, “The Lord is with you, mighty warrior.”

13“Pardon me, my lord,” Gideon replied, “but if the Lord is with us, why has all this happened to us? Where are all his wonders that our ancestors told us about when they said, ‘Did not the Lord bring us up out of Egypt?’ But now the Lord has abandoned us and given us into the hand of Midian.”

14The Lord turned to him and said, “Go in the strength you have and save Israel out of Midian’s hand. Am I not sending you?”

15“Pardon me, my lord,” Gideon replied, “but how can I save Israel? My clan is the weakest in Manasseh, and I am the least in my family.”

16The Lord answered, “I will be with you, and you will strike down all the Midianites, leaving none alive.”

17Gideon replied, “If now I have found favor in your eyes, give me a sign that it is really you talking to me.

18Please do not go away until I come back and bring my offering and set it before you.” And the Lord said, “I will wait until you return.”

19Gideon went inside, prepared a young goat, and from an ephah of flour he made bread without yeast. Putting the meat in a basket and its broth in a pot, he brought them out and offered them to him under the oak.

20The angel of God said to him, “Take the meat and the unleavened bread, place them on this rock, and pour out the broth.” And Gideon did so.

21Then the angel of the Lord touched the meat and the unleavened bread with the tip of the staff that was in his hand. Fire flared from the rock, consuming the meat and the bread. And the angel of the Lord disappeared.

22When Gideon realized that it was the angel of the Lord, he exclaimed, “Alas, Sovereign Lord! I have seen the angel of the Lord face to face!”

23But the Lord said to him, “Peace! Do not be afraid. You are not going to die.”

24So Gideon built an altar to the Lord there and called it The Lord Is Peace. To this day it stands in Ophrah of the Abiezrites.

25That same night the Lord said to him, “Take the second bull from your father’s herd, the one seven years old. Tear down your father’s altar to Baal and cut down the Asherah pole beside it.

26Then build a proper kind of altar to the Lord your God on the top of this height. Using the wood of the Asherah pole that you cut down, offer the second bull as a burnt offering.”

27So Gideon took ten of his servants and did as the Lord told him. But because he was afraid of his family and the townspeople, he did it at night rather than in the daytime.

28In the morning when the people of the town got up, there was Baal’s altar, demolished, with the Asherah pole beside it cut down and the second bull sacrificed on the newly built altar!

29They asked each other, “Who did this?” When they carefully investigated, they were told, “Gideon son of Joash did it.”

30The people of the town demanded of Joash, “Bring out your son. He must die, because he has broken down Baal’s altar and cut down the Asherah pole beside it.”

31But Joash replied to the hostile crowd around him, “Are you going to plead Baal’s cause? Are you trying to save him? Whoever fights for him shall be put to death by morning! If Baal really is a god, he can defend himself when someone breaks down his altar.”

32So because Gideon broke down Baal’s altar, they gave him the name Jerub-Baal that day, saying, “Let Baal contend with him.”

33Now all the Midianites, Amalekites and other eastern peoples joined forces and crossed over the Jordan and camped in the Valley of Jezreel.

34Then the Spirit of the Lord came on Gideon, and he blew a trumpet, summoning the Abiezrites to follow him.

35He sent messengers throughout Manasseh, calling them to arms, and also into Asher, Zebulun and Naphtali, so that they too went up to meet them.

36Gideon said to God, “If you will save Israel by my hand as you have promised—

37look, I will place a wool fleece on the threshing floor. If there is dew only on the fleece and all the ground is dry, then I will know that you will save Israel by my hand, as you said.”

38And that is what happened. Gideon rose early the next day; he squeezed the fleece and wrung out the dew—a bowlful of water.

39Then Gideon said to God, “Do not be angry with me. Let me make just one more request. Allow me one more test with the fleece, but this time make the fleece dry and let the ground be covered with dew.”

40That night God did so. Only the fleece was dry; all the ground was covered with dew.

Study Guide

Public-domain commentary and original-language notes for Judges 6.

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Chapter Summary

In this chapter: Israel oppressed by Midianites. (1–6). Israel rebuked by a prophet. (7–10). Gideon set to deliver Israel. (11–24). Gideon destroys Baal's altar. (25–32). Signs given him. (33–40).

vv1-6

Israel's sin was renewed, and Israel's troubles were repeated. Let all that sin expect to suffer. The Israelites hid themselves in dens and caves; such was the effect of a guilty conscience. Sin dispirits men. The invaders left no food for Israel, except what was taken into the caves. They prepared that for Baal with which God should have been served, now God justly sends an enemy to take it away in the season thereof.

vv7-10

They cried to God for a deliverer, and he sent them a prophet to teach them. When God furnishes a land with faithful ministers, it is a token that he has mercy in store for it. He charges them with rebellion against the Lord; he intends to bring them to repentance. Repentance is real when the sinfulness of sin, as disobedience to God, is chiefly lamented.

vv11-24

Gideon was a man of a brave, active spirit, yet in obscurity through the times: he is here stirred up to undertake something great. It was very sure that the Lord was with him, when his Angel was with him. Gideon was weak in faith, which made it hard to reconcile the assurances of the presence of God with the distress to which Israel was brought. The Angel answered his objections. He told him to appear and act as Israel's deliverer, there needed no more. Bishop Hall says, While God calls Gideon valiant, he makes him so. God delights to advance the humble. Gideon desires to have his faith confirmed. Now, under the influences of the Spirit, we are not to expect signs before our eyes such as Gideon here desired, but must earnestly pray to God, that if we have found grace in his sight, he would show us a sign in our heart, by the powerful working of his Spirit there, The Angel turned the meat into an offering made by fire; showing that he was not a man who needed meat, but the Son of God, who was to be served and honoured by sacrifice, and who in the fulness of time was to make himself a sacrifice. Hereby a sign was given to Gideon, that he had found grace in God's sight. Ever since man has by sin exposed himself to God's wrath and curse, a message from heaven has been a terror to him, as he scarcely dares to expect good tidings thence. In this world, it is very awful to have any converse with that world of spirits to which we are so much strangers. Gideon's courage failed him. But God spoke peace to him.

Cross References

Judges 6
v5Judges 7:12thematic

Direct internal parallel describing the Midianites and their camels as grasshoppers for multitude without number.

Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB

v3Judges 8:10thematic

Identifies 'the children of the east' as the eastern Arabians allied with Midian.

Supported by Matthew Poole

v11Hebrews 11:32thematic

New Testament honor roll of faith explicitly listing Gideon for his deliverance of Israel.

Supported by Matthew Henry

v16Exodus 3:12thematic

Matches the divine reassurance 'Surely I will be with thee' given to hesitant Moses.

Supported by JFB

v21Judges 13:19typology

Identical miraculous pattern where the Angel of the Lord consumes the offering with fire.

Supported by Matthew Henry, JFB

v321 Samuel 12:11thematic

Explicitly names Jerubbaal (Gideon) as a key deliverer raised up by God.

Supported by Matthew Poole

v39Genesis 18:32thematic

Echoes Abraham's humble plea 'let not the Lord be angry' when requesting further proof.

Supported by Matthew Henry

Fulfillment of covenant curses where Israel sows but enemies devour their crops.

Supported by Matthew Henry

v11Joshua 17:2thematic

Identifies Ophrah in Manasseh belonging to the family of Abiezer (the Abi-ezrite).

Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB

v19Genesis 18:6-8thematic

Echoes Abraham's hospitable preparation of a kid and cakes for his divine visitors.

Supported by JFB

v21Leviticus 9:24thematic

Parallels fire coming from God to consume a sacrifice, signifying acceptance of the offerer.

Supported by Matthew Henry

v22Genesis 32:30thematic

Parallels Jacob's dread and amazement after seeing God face-to-face and surviving.

Supported by Matthew Henry, JFB

v2Hebrews 11:38thematic

New Testament allusion to believers wandering in deserts, mountains, dens, and caves.

Supported by Matthew Henry

v18Genesis 18:3thematic

Gideon's request for the traveler to tarry matches Abraham's language of finding grace.

Supported by JFB

v10Exodus 20:2allusion

The prophet's rebuke directly echoes the preface to the Decalogue.

Supported by Matthew Poole