Judges6
New Living Translation
1The Israelites did evil in the Lord’s sight. So the Lord handed them over to the Midianites for seven years.
2The Midianites were so cruel that the Israelites made hiding places for themselves in the mountains, caves, and strongholds.
3Whenever the Israelites planted their crops, marauders from Midian, Amalek, and the people of the east would attack Israel,
4camping in the land and destroying crops as far away as Gaza. They left the Israelites with nothing to eat, taking all the sheep, goats, cattle, and donkeys.
5These enemy hordes, coming with their livestock and tents, were as thick as locusts; they arrived on droves of camels too numerous to count. And they stayed until the land was stripped bare.
6So Israel was reduced to starvation by the Midianites. Then the Israelites cried out to the Lord for help.
7When they cried out to the Lord because of Midian,
8the Lord sent a prophet to the Israelites. He said, “This is what the Lord, the God of Israel, says: I brought you up out of slavery in Egypt.
9I rescued you from the Egyptians and from all who oppressed you. I drove out your enemies and gave you their land.
10I told you, ‘I am the Lord your God. You must not worship the gods of the Amorites, in whose land you now live.’ But you have not listened to me.”
11Then the angel of the Lord came and sat beneath the great tree at Ophrah, which belonged to Joash of the clan of Abiezer. Gideon son of Joash was threshing wheat at the bottom of a winepress to hide the grain from the Midianites.
12The angel of the Lord appeared to him and said, “Mighty hero, the Lord is with you!”
13“Sir,” Gideon replied, “if the Lord is with us, why has all this happened to us? And where are all the miracles our ancestors told us about? Didn’t they say, ‘The Lord brought us up out of Egypt’? But now the Lord has abandoned us and handed us over to the Midianites.”
14Then the Lord turned to him and said, “Go with the strength you have, and rescue Israel from the Midianites. I am sending you!”
15“But Lord,” Gideon replied, “how can I rescue Israel? My clan is the weakest in the whole tribe of Manasseh, and I am the least in my entire family!”
16The Lord said to him, “I will be with you. And you will destroy the Midianites as if you were fighting against one man.”
17Gideon replied, “If you are truly going to help me, show me a sign to prove that it is really the Lord speaking to me.
18Don’t go away until I come back and bring my offering to you.” He answered, “I will stay here until you return.”
19Gideon hurried home. He cooked a young goat, and with a basket of flour he baked some bread without yeast. Then, carrying the meat in a basket and the broth in a pot, he brought them out and presented them to the angel, who was under the great tree.
20The angel of God said to him, “Place the meat and the unleavened bread on this rock, and pour the broth over it.” And Gideon did as he was told.
21Then the angel of the Lord touched the meat and bread with the tip of the staff in his hand, and fire flamed up from the rock and consumed all he had brought. And the angel of the Lord disappeared.
22When Gideon realized that it was the angel of the Lord, he cried out, “Oh, Sovereign Lord, I’m doomed! I have seen the angel of the Lord face to face!”
23“It is all right,” the Lord replied. “Do not be afraid. You will not die.”
24And Gideon built an altar to the Lord there and named it Yahweh-Shalom (which means “the Lord is peace”). The altar remains in Ophrah in the land of the clan of Abiezer to this day.
25That night the Lord said to Gideon, “Take the second bull from your father’s herd, the one that is seven years old. Pull down your father’s altar to Baal, and cut down the Asherah pole standing beside it.
26Then build an altar to the Lord your God here on this hilltop sanctuary, laying the stones carefully. Sacrifice the bull as a burnt offering on the altar, using as fuel the wood of the Asherah pole you cut down.”
27So Gideon took ten of his servants and did as the Lord had commanded. But he did it at night because he was afraid of the other members of his father’s household and the people of the town.
28Early the next morning, as the people of the town began to stir, someone discovered that the altar of Baal had been broken down and that the Asherah pole beside it had been cut down. In their place a new altar had been built, and on it were the remains of the bull that had been sacrificed.
29The people said to each other, “Who did this?” And after asking around and making a careful search, they learned that it was Gideon, the son of Joash.
30“Bring out your son,” the men of the town demanded of Joash. “He must die for destroying the altar of Baal and for cutting down the Asherah pole.”
31But Joash shouted to the mob that confronted him, “Why are you defending Baal? Will you argue his case? Whoever pleads his case will be put to death by morning! If Baal truly is a god, let him defend himself and destroy the one who broke down his altar!”
32From then on Gideon was called Jerub-baal, which means “Let Baal defend himself,” because he broke down Baal’s altar.
33Soon afterward the armies of Midian, Amalek, and the people of the east formed an alliance against Israel and crossed the Jordan, camping in the valley of Jezreel.
34Then the Spirit of the Lord clothed Gideon with power. He blew a ram’s horn as a call to arms, and the men of the clan of Abiezer came to him.
35He also sent messengers throughout Manasseh, Asher, Zebulun, and Naphtali, summoning their warriors, and all of them responded.
36Then Gideon said to God, “If you are truly going to use me to rescue Israel as you promised,
37prove it to me in this way. I will put a wool fleece on the threshing floor tonight. If the fleece is wet with dew in the morning but the ground is dry, then I will know that you are going to help me rescue Israel as you promised.”
38And that is just what happened. When Gideon got up early the next morning, he squeezed the fleece and wrung out a whole bowlful of water.
39Then Gideon said to God, “Please don’t be angry with me, but let me make one more request. Let me use the fleece for one more test. This time let the fleece remain dry while the ground around it is wet with dew.”
40So that night God did as Gideon asked. The fleece was dry in the morning, but the ground was covered with dew.
Study Guide
Public-domain commentary and original-language notes for Judges 6.
Chapter Summary
In this chapter: Israel oppressed by Midianites. (1–6). Israel rebuked by a prophet. (7–10). Gideon set to deliver Israel. (11–24). Gideon destroys Baal's altar. (25–32). Signs given him. (33–40).
vv1-6
Israel's sin was renewed, and Israel's troubles were repeated. Let all that sin expect to suffer. The Israelites hid themselves in dens and caves; such was the effect of a guilty conscience. Sin dispirits men. The invaders left no food for Israel, except what was taken into the caves. They prepared that for Baal with which God should have been served, now God justly sends an enemy to take it away in the season thereof.
vv7-10
They cried to God for a deliverer, and he sent them a prophet to teach them. When God furnishes a land with faithful ministers, it is a token that he has mercy in store for it. He charges them with rebellion against the Lord; he intends to bring them to repentance. Repentance is real when the sinfulness of sin, as disobedience to God, is chiefly lamented.
vv11-24
Gideon was a man of a brave, active spirit, yet in obscurity through the times: he is here stirred up to undertake something great. It was very sure that the Lord was with him, when his Angel was with him. Gideon was weak in faith, which made it hard to reconcile the assurances of the presence of God with the distress to which Israel was brought. The Angel answered his objections. He told him to appear and act as Israel's deliverer, there needed no more. Bishop Hall says, While God calls Gideon valiant, he makes him so. God delights to advance the humble. Gideon desires to have his faith confirmed. Now, under the influences of the Spirit, we are not to expect signs before our eyes such as Gideon here desired, but must earnestly pray to God, that if we have found grace in his sight, he would show us a sign in our heart, by the powerful working of his Spirit there, The Angel turned the meat into an offering made by fire; showing that he was not a man who needed meat, but the Son of God, who was to be served and honoured by sacrifice, and who in the fulness of time was to make himself a sacrifice. Hereby a sign was given to Gideon, that he had found grace in God's sight. Ever since man has by sin exposed himself to God's wrath and curse, a message from heaven has been a terror to him, as he scarcely dares to expect good tidings thence. In this world, it is very awful to have any converse with that world of spirits to which we are so much strangers. Gideon's courage failed him. But God spoke peace to him.
Key Words
בֵּן: a son (as a builder of the family name), in the widest sense (of literal and figurative relationship, including grandson, subject, nation, quality or condition, etc., (like father or brother), etc.)
יִשְׂרָאֵל: Jisrael, a symbolical name of Jacob; also (typically) of his posterity
עָשָׂה: to do or make, in the broadest sense and widest application
רַע: bad or (as noun) evil (natural or moral)
עַיִן: an eye (literally or figuratively); by analogy, a fountain (as the eye of the landscape)
נָתַן: to give, used with greatest latitude of application (put, make, etc.)
יָד: a hand (the open one (indicating power, means, direction, etc.),
מִדְיָן: Midjan, a son of Abraham; also his country and (collectively) his descendants
שֶׁבַע: seven (as the sacred full one); also (adverbially) seven times; by implication, a week; by extension, an indefinite number
שָׁנֶה: a year (as a revolution of time)
Cross References
Judges 6Direct internal parallel describing the Midianites and their camels as grasshoppers for multitude without number.
Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB
Identifies 'the children of the east' as the eastern Arabians allied with Midian.
Supported by Matthew Poole
New Testament honor roll of faith explicitly listing Gideon for his deliverance of Israel.
Supported by Matthew Henry
Matches the divine reassurance 'Surely I will be with thee' given to hesitant Moses.
Supported by JFB
Identical miraculous pattern where the Angel of the Lord consumes the offering with fire.
Supported by Matthew Henry, JFB
Explicitly names Jerubbaal (Gideon) as a key deliverer raised up by God.
Supported by Matthew Poole
Echoes Abraham's humble plea 'let not the Lord be angry' when requesting further proof.
Supported by Matthew Henry
Fulfillment of covenant curses where Israel sows but enemies devour their crops.
Supported by Matthew Henry
Identifies Ophrah in Manasseh belonging to the family of Abiezer (the Abi-ezrite).
Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB
Echoes Abraham's hospitable preparation of a kid and cakes for his divine visitors.
Supported by JFB
Parallels fire coming from God to consume a sacrifice, signifying acceptance of the offerer.
Supported by Matthew Henry
Parallels Jacob's dread and amazement after seeing God face-to-face and surviving.
Supported by Matthew Henry, JFB
New Testament allusion to believers wandering in deserts, mountains, dens, and caves.
Supported by Matthew Henry
Gideon's request for the traveler to tarry matches Abraham's language of finding grace.
Supported by JFB
The prophet's rebuke directly echoes the preface to the Decalogue.
Supported by Matthew Poole