Psalms80
New International Version
1 Hear us, Shepherd of Israel, you who lead Joseph like a flock. You who sit enthroned between the cherubim, shine forth
2 before Ephraim, Benjamin and Manasseh. Awaken your might; come and save us.
3 Restore us, O God; make your face shine on us, that we may be saved.
4 How long, Lord God Almighty, will your anger smolder against the prayers of your people?
5 You have fed them with the bread of tears; you have made them drink tears by the bowlful.
6 You have made us an object of derision to our neighbors, and our enemies mock us.
7 Restore us, God Almighty; make your face shine on us, that we may be saved.
8 You transplanted a vine from Egypt; you drove out the nations and planted it.
9 You cleared the ground for it, and it took root and filled the land.
10 The mountains were covered with its shade, the mighty cedars with its branches.
11 Its branches reached as far as the Sea, its shoots as far as the River.
12 Why have you broken down its walls so that all who pass by pick its grapes?
13 Boars from the forest ravage it, and insects from the fields feed on it.
14 Return to us, God Almighty! Look down from heaven and see! Watch over this vine,
15 the root your right hand has planted, the son you have raised up for yourself.
16 Your vine is cut down, it is burned with fire; at your rebuke your people perish.
17 Let your hand rest on the man at your right hand, the son of man you have raised up for yourself.
18 Then we will not turn away from you; revive us, and we will call on your name.
19 Restore us, Lord God Almighty; make your face shine on us, that we may be saved.
Study
Psalms 80Public-domain commentary and original-language notes for Psalms 80. The full AI study guide (summary, themes, context) has its own page.
Chapter Summary
In this chapter: The psalmist complains of the miseries of the church. (1–7). Its former prosperity and present desolation. (8–16). A prayer for mercy. (17–19).
vv1-7
He that dwelleth upon the mercy-seat, is the good Shepherd of his people. But we can neither expect the comfort of his love, nor the protection of his arm, unless we partake of his converting grace. If he is really angry at the prayers of his people, it is because, although they pray, their ends are not right, or there is some secret sin indulged in them, or he will try their patience and perseverance in prayer. When God is displeased with his people, we must expect to see them in tears, and their enemies in triumph. There is no salvation but from God's favour; there is no conversion to God but by his own grace.
vv8-16
The church is represented as a vine and a vineyard. The root of this vine is Christ, the branches are believers. The church is like a vine, needing support, but spreading and fruitful. If a vine do not bring forth fruit, no tree is so worthless. And are not we planted as in a well-cultivated garden, with every means of being fruitful in works of righteousness? But the useless leaves of profession, and the empty boughs of notions and forms, abound far more than real piety. It was wasted and ruined. There was a good reason for this change in God's way toward them. And it is well or ill with us, according as we are under God's smiles or frowns. When we consider the state of the purest part of the visible church, we cannot wonder that it is visited with sharp corrections. They request that God would help the vine. Lord, it is formed by thyself, and for thyself, therefore it may, with humble confidence, be committed to thyself.
vv17-19
The Messiah, the Protector and Saviour of the church, is the Man of God's right hand; he is the Arm of the Lord, for all power is given to him. In him is our strength, by which we are enabled to persevere to the end. The vine, therefore, cannot be ruined, nor can any fruitful branch perish; but the unfruitful will be cut off and cast into the fire. The end of our redemption is, that we should serve Him who hath redeemed us, and not go back to our old sins.
Key Words
נָצַח: properly, to glitter from afar, i.e. to be eminent (as a superintendent, especially of the Temple services and its music); to be permanent
שׁוּשַׁן: a lily (from its whiteness), as aflower of architectural ornament; also a (straight) trumpet (from the tubular shape)
עוֹד: properly, iteration or continuance; used only adverbially (with or without preposition), again, repeatedly, still, more
אָסָף: Asaph, the name of three Israelites, and of the family of the first
מִזְמוֹר: properly, instrumental music; by implication, a poem set to notes
אָזַן: to broaden out the ear (with the hand), i.e. (by implication) to listen
רָעָה: to tend a flock; i.e. pasture it; intransitively, to graze (literally or figuratively); generally to rule; by extension, to associate with (as a friend)
יִשְׂרָאֵל: Jisrael, a symbolical name of Jacob; also (typically) of his posterity
נָהַג: to drive forth (a person, an animal or chariot), i.e. lead, carry away; reflexively, to proceed (i.e. impel or guide oneself); also (from the panting induced by effort), to sigh
יוֹסֵף: Joseph, the name of seven Israelites
Cross References
Psalms 80Before Ephraim, Benjamin, and Manasseh; matches the wilderness marching order behind the Ark in Num 2.
Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB
Jacob's blessing of Joseph references God as the Shepherd and Stone of Israel.
Supported by JFB
God dwelling between the cherubim above the mercy seat of the Ark of the Covenant.
Supported by Matthew Poole, John Calvin, JFB
The priestly blessing: 'The Lord make his face shine upon thee,' echoed in the refrain.
Supported by JFB
The classic prophetic parable of Israel as God's planted, cultivated, and ultimately ruined vineyard.
Supported by Matthew Henry, JFB
Jesus as the True Vine, fulfilling and restoring the failing Old Testament national vine.
Supported by Matthew Henry
Wordplay on Benjamin, meaning 'son of my right hand,' referring to the man of God's right hand.
Supported by JFB
Parallels God leading His people 'like a flock' by the hand of Moses and Aaron.
Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB
Elijah's prayer at Carmel for God to turn the apostate northern tribes' hearts back again.
Supported by Matthew Poole
Parallels Israel becoming a reproach and derision to neighbors and enemies.
Supported by JFB
God threatens to break down the protective hedge of His vineyard, leaving it exposed.
Supported by JFB
Laments God breaking down all of His people's hedges and strongholds.
Supported by Matthew Poole
The plea to be quickened (revived) so that the people may worship and stand.
Supported by JFB
Eating ashes like bread and mingling drink with tears in deep affliction.
Supported by Matthew Poole