1 Timothy 5NKJV
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1 Timothy5

New King James Version

1Do not rebuke an older man, but exhort him as a father, younger men as brothers,

2older women as mothers, younger women as sisters, with all purity.

3Honor widows who are really widows.

4But if any widow has children or grandchildren, let them first learn to show piety at home and to repay their parents; for this is good and acceptable before God.

5Now she who is really a widow, and left alone, trusts in God and continues in supplications and prayers night and day.

6But she who lives in pleasure is dead while she lives.

7And these things command, that they may be blameless.

8But if anyone does not provide for his own, and especially for those of his household, he has denied the faith and is worse than an unbeliever.

9Do not let a widow under sixty years old be taken into the number, and not unless she has been the wife of one man,

10well reported for good works: if she has brought up children, if she has lodged strangers, if she has washed the saints’ feet, if she has relieved the afflicted, if she has diligently followed every good work.

11But refuse the younger widows; for when they have begun to grow wanton against Christ, they desire to marry,

12having condemnation because they have cast off their first faith.

13And besides they learn to be idle, wandering about from house to house, and not only idle but also gossips and busybodies, saying things which they ought not.

14Therefore I desire that the younger widows marry, bear children, manage the house, give no opportunity to the adversary to speak reproachfully.

15For some have already turned aside after Satan.

16If any believing man or woman has widows, let them relieve them, and do not let the church be burdened, that it may relieve those who are really widows.

17Let the elders who rule well be counted worthy of double honor, especially those who labor in the word and doctrine.

18For the Scripture says, “You shall not muzzle an ox while it treads out the grain,” and, “The laborer is worthy of his wages.”

19Do not receive an accusation against an elder except from two or three witnesses.

20Those who are sinning rebuke in the presence of all, that the rest also may fear.

21I charge you before God and the Lord Jesus Christ and the elect angels that you observe these things without prejudice, doing nothing with partiality.

22Do not lay hands on anyone hastily, nor share in other people’s sins; keep yourself pure.

23No longer drink only water, but use a little wine for your stomach’s sake and your frequent infirmities.

24Some men’s sins are clearly evident, preceding them to judgment, but those of some men follow later.

25Likewise, the good works of some are clearly evident, and those that are otherwise cannot be hidden.

Study Guide

Public-domain commentary and original-language notes for 1 Timothy 5.

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Chapter Summary

In this chapter: Directions as to the elder and younger men and women. (1, 2). And as to poor widows. (3–8). Concerning widows. (9–16). The respect to be paid to elders. Timothy is to take care in rebuking offenders, in ordaining ministers, and as to his own health. (17–25).

vv1-2

Respect must be paid to the dignity of years and place. The younger, if faulty, must be rebuked, not as desirous to find fault with them, but as willing to make the best of them. There is need of much meekness and care in reproving those who deserve reproof.

vv3-8

Honour widows that are widows indeed, relieve them, and maintain them. It is the duty of children, if their parents are in need, and they are able to relieve them, to do it to the utmost of their power. Widowhood is a desolate state; but let widows trust in the Lord, and continue in prayer. All who live in pleasure, are dead while they live, spiritually dead, dead in trespasses and sins. Alas, what numbers there are of this description among nominal Christians, even to the latest period of life! If any men or women do not maintain their poor relations, they in effect deny the faith. If they spend upon their lusts and pleasures, what should maintain their families, they have denied the faith, and are worse than infidels. If professors of the gospel give way to any corrupt principle or conduct, they are worse than those who do not profess to believe the doctrines of grace.

vv9-16

Every one brought into any office in the church, should be free from just censure; and many are proper objects of charity, yet ought not to be employed in public services. Those who would find mercy when they are in distress, must show mercy when they are in prosperity; and those who show most readiness for every good work, are most likely to be faithful in whatever is trusted to them. Those who are idle, very seldom are only idle, they make mischief among neighbours, and sow discord among brethren. All believers are required to relieve those belonging to their families who are destitute, that the church may not be prevented from relieving such as are entirely destitute and friendless.

Cross References

1 Timothy 5
v18Deuteronomy 25:4quotation

Explicitly quoted by Paul regarding the treading ox to defend the maintenance of ministers.

Supported by Matthew Henry, Matthew Poole, John Calvin, JFB

v18Luke 10:7quotation

Direct quotation of Christ's statement that 'the labourer is worthy of his hire/reward.'

Supported by Matthew Henry, Matthew Poole, John Calvin, JFB

v4Matthew 15:4-6thematic

Jesus condemns using religious pretexts to avoid financially honoring and supporting needy parents.

Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB

v5Luke 2:37thematic

Anna serves as the prime exemplar of a widow serving God with prayers night and day.

Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB

The Mosaic judicial requirement of two or three witnesses for receiving an accusation.

Supported by Matthew Poole

v6James 5:5thematic

Echoes the condemnation of living in wanton pleasure and luxury while spiritually dead.

Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB

v10John 13:5-15thematic

Christ's exemplar of washing feet as the model for the widow washing the saints' feet.

Supported by John Calvin

v17Galatians 6:6thematic

Parallels the duty to share all good things with those who teach the word.

Supported by John Calvin, JFB

v3Acts 6:1thematic

The early church's historical institution of daily ministration to support desolate widows.

Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB

v5Titus 2:3thematic

Instruction regarding aged women's behavior, reinforcing holy demeanor and devotion in the church.

Supported by Matthew Poole

v8Titus 1:16thematic

Failing practical duties denies the faith, matching those who profess God but deny Him by works.

Supported by Matthew Henry

Believers are exhorted to recognize and highly esteem those who labor among them.

Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB

v20Galatians 2:14thematic

Paul's public rebuke of Peter is a direct historical execution of rebuking sin before all.

Supported by Matthew Henry

v1Leviticus 19:32thematic

The Old Testament command to rise up before the hoary head and honor the elder.

Supported by Matthew Poole

v91 Timothy 3:2thematic

The qualification 'wife of one man' mirrors the overseer requirement of 'husband of one wife.'

Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB