Deuteronomy29
New King James Version
1These are the words of the covenant which the Lord commanded Moses to make with the children of Israel in the land of Moab, besides the covenant which He made with them in Horeb.
2Now Moses called all Israel and said to them: “You have seen all that the Lord did before your eyes in the land of Egypt, to Pharaoh and to all his servants and to all his land—
3the great trials which your eyes have seen, the signs, and those great wonders.
4Yet the Lord has not given you a heart to perceive and eyes to see and ears to hear, to this very day.
5And I have led you forty years in the wilderness. Your clothes have not worn out on you, and your sandals have not worn out on your feet.
6You have not eaten bread, nor have you drunk wine or similar drink, that you may know that I am the Lord your God.
7And when you came to this place, Sihon king of Heshbon and Og king of Bashan came out against us to battle, and we conquered them.
8We took their land and gave it as an inheritance to the Reubenites, to the Gadites, and to half the tribe of Manasseh.
9Therefore keep the words of this covenant, and do them, that you may prosper in all that you do.
10“All of you stand today before the Lord your God: your leaders and your tribes and your elders and your officers, all the men of Israel,
11your little ones and your wives—also the stranger who is in your camp, from the one who cuts your wood to the one who draws your water—
12that you may enter into covenant with the Lord your God, and into His oath, which the Lord your God makes with you today,
13that He may establish you today as a people for Himself, and that He may be God to you, just as He has spoken to you, and just as He has sworn to your fathers, to Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob.
14“I make this covenant and this oath, not with you alone,
15but with him who stands here with us today before the Lord our God, as well as with him who is not here with us today
16(for you know that we dwelt in the land of Egypt and that we came through the nations which you passed by,
17and you saw their abominations and their idols which were among them—wood and stone and silver and gold);
18so that there may not be among you man or woman or family or tribe, whose heart turns away today from the Lord our God, to go and serve the gods of these nations, and that there may not be among you a root bearing bitterness or wormwood;
19and so it may not happen, when he hears the words of this curse, that he blesses himself in his heart, saying, ‘I shall have peace, even though I follow the dictates of my heart’—as though the drunkard could be included with the sober.
20“The Lord would not spare him; for then the anger of the Lord and His jealousy would burn against that man, and every curse that is written in this book would settle on him, and the Lord would blot out his name from under heaven.
21And the Lord would separate him from all the tribes of Israel for adversity, according to all the curses of the covenant that are written in this Book of the Law,
22so that the coming generation of your children who rise up after you, and the foreigner who comes from a far land, would say, when they see the plagues of that land and the sicknesses which the Lord has laid on it:
23‘The whole land is brimstone, salt, and burning; it is not sown, nor does it bear, nor does any grass grow there, like the overthrow of Sodom and Gomorrah, Admah, and Zeboiim, which the Lord overthrew in His anger and His wrath.’
24All nations would say, ‘Why has the Lord done so to this land? What does the heat of this great anger mean?’
25Then people would say: ‘Because they have forsaken the covenant of the Lord God of their fathers, which He made with them when He brought them out of the land of Egypt;
26for they went and served other gods and worshiped them, gods that they did not know and that He had not given to them.
27Then the anger of the Lord was aroused against this land, to bring on it every curse that is written in this book.
28And the Lord uprooted them from their land in anger, in wrath, and in great indignation, and cast them into another land, as it is this day.’
29“The secret things belong to the Lord our God, but those things which are revealed belong to us and to our children forever, that we may do all the words of this law.
Study Guide
Public-domain commentary and original-language notes for Deuteronomy 29.
Chapter Summary
In this chapter: Moses calls Israel's mercies to remembrance. (1–9). The Divine wrath on those who flatter themselves in their wickedness. (10–21). The ruin of the Jewish nation. (22–28). Secret things belong unto God. (29).
vv1-9
Both former mercies, and fresh mercies, should be thought on by us as motives to obedience. The hearing ear, and seeing eye, and the understanding heart, are the gift of God. All that have them, have them from him. God gives not only food and raiment, but wealth and large possessions, to many to whom he does not give grace. Many enjoy the gifts, who have not hearts to perceive the Giver, nor the true design and use of the gifts. We are bound, in gratitude and interest, as well as in duty and faithfulness, to keep the words of the covenant.
vv10-21
The national covenant made with Israel, not only typified the covenant of grace made with true believers, but also represented the outward dispensation of the gospel. Those who have been enabled to consent to the Lord's new covenant of mercy and grace in Jesus Christ, and to give up themselves to be his people, should embrace every opportunity of renewing their open profession of relation to him, and their obligation to him, as the God of salvation, walking according thereto. The sinner is described as one whose heart turns away from his God; there the mischief begins, in the evil heart of unbelief, which inclines men to depart from the living God to dead idols. Even to this sin men are now tempted, when drawn aside by their own lusts and fancies. Such men are roots that bear gall and wormwood. They are weeds which, if let alone, overspread the whole field. Satan may for a time disguise this bitter morsel, so that thou shalt not have the natural taste of it, but at the last day, if not before, the true taste shall be discerned. Notice the sinner's security in sin. Though he hears the words of the curse, yet even then he thinks himself safe from the wrath of God. There is scarcely a threatening in all the book of God more dreadful than this. Oh that presumptuous sinners would read it, and tremble! for it is a real declaration of the wrath of God, against ungodliness and unrighteousness of man.
vv22-28
Idolatry would be the ruin of their nation. It is no new thing for God to bring desolating judgments on a people near to him in profession. He never does this without good reason. It concerns us to seek for the reason, that we may give glory to God, and take warning to ourselves. Thus the law of Moses leaves sinners under the curse, and rooted out of the Lord's land; but the grace of Christ toward penitent, believing sinners, plants them again in their land; and they shall no more be pulled up, being kept by the power of God.
Key Words
אֵלֶּה: these or those
דָּבָר: a word; by implication, a matter (as spoken of) or thing; adverbially, a cause
בְּרִית: a compact (because made by passing between pieces of flesh)
אֲשֶׁר: who, which, what, that; also (as an adverb and a conjunction) when, where, how, because, in order that, etc.
צָוָה: (intensively) to constitute, enjoin
מֹשֶׁה: Mosheh, the Israelite lawgiver
כָּרַת: to cut (off, down or asunder); by implication, to destroy or consume; specifically, to covenant (i.e. make an alliance or bargain, originally by cutting flesh and passing between the pieces)
בֵּן: a son (as a builder of the family name), in the widest sense (of literal and figurative relationship, including grandson, subject, nation, quality or condition, etc., (like father or brother), etc.)
יִשְׂרָאֵל: Jisrael, a symbolical name of Jacob; also (typically) of his posterity
אֶרֶץ: the earth (at large, or partitively a land)
Cross References
Deuteronomy 29Paul cites this lack of eyes to see/ears to hear regarding Israel's judicial blindness.
Supported by Matthew Henry, Matthew Poole, JFB
Alludes directly to this verse's warning against a 'root of bitterness' (gall and wormwood) springing up.
Supported by Matthew Henry, JFB
Parallel account of the miracle of clothes and shoes not wearing out during the wilderness wanderings.
Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB
St. Paul's doxology on the unsearchable judgments of God mirrors the 'secret things' boundary.
Supported by Matthew Henry, JFB
Affirms that the hearing ear and seeing eye are the special workmanship and gift of God.
Supported by Matthew Poole
The historical destruction of Sodom and Gomorrah with brimstone and burning, used as a covenant pattern.
Supported by JFB
Nations asking why the Lord did this to this land, directly echoing the language of verses 23-24.
Supported by JFB
Contrasts the old covenant made at Sinai/Moab with the promised New Covenant.
Supported by Matthew Henry, Matthew Poole
The promised remedy where God circumcises the heart to love Him, contrasting with the uncircumcised heart.
Supported by Matthew Poole
The New Covenant promise where God will put His law in their inward parts, giving understanding.
Supported by Matthew Poole
Explains that man does not live by bread alone, but by God's supernatural wilderness provisions.
Supported by Matthew Poole
Describes the wilderness manna as 'corn of heaven' and angels' food, replacing common bread.
Supported by Matthew Poole
The historical account of defeating Sihon and Og and possessing their lands before crossing Jordan.
Supported by JFB
Highlights that the covenant is made with the living generation, not just the deceased ancestors.
Supported by Matthew Poole
Detailed division of the conquered Transjordanian territory to Reuben, Gad, and half of Manasseh.
Supported by JFB