Isaiah17
New King James Version
1The burden against Damascus. “Behold, Damascus will cease from being a city, And it will be a ruinous heap.
2The cities of Aroer are forsaken; They will be for flocks Which lie down, and no one will make them afraid.
3The fortress also will cease from Ephraim, The kingdom from Damascus, And the remnant of Syria; They will be as the glory of the children of Israel,” Says the Lord of hosts.
4“In that day it shall come to pass That the glory of Jacob will wane, And the fatness of his flesh grow lean.
5It shall be as when the harvester gathers the grain, And reaps the heads with his arm; It shall be as he who gathers heads of grain In the Valley of Rephaim.
6Yet gleaning grapes will be left in it, Like the shaking of an olive tree, Two or three olives at the top of the uppermost bough, Four or five in its most fruitful branches,” Says the Lord God of Israel.
7In that day a man will look to his Maker, And his eyes will have respect for the Holy One of Israel.
8He will not look to the altars, The work of his hands; He will not respect what his fingers have made, Nor the wooden images nor the incense altars.
9In that day his strong cities will be as a forsaken bough And an uppermost branch, Which they left because of the children of Israel; And there will be desolation.
10Because you have forgotten the God of your salvation, And have not been mindful of the Rock of your stronghold, Therefore you will plant pleasant plants And set out foreign seedlings;
11In the day you will make your plant to grow, And in the morning you will make your seed to flourish; But the harvest will be a heap of ruins In the day of grief and desperate sorrow.
12Woe to the multitude of many people Who make a noise like the roar of the seas, And to the rushing of nations That make a rushing like the rushing of mighty waters!
13The nations will rush like the rushing of many waters; But God will rebuke them and they will flee far away, And be chased like the chaff of the mountains before the wind, Like a rolling thing before the whirlwind.
14Then behold, at eventide, trouble! And before the morning, he is no more. This is the portion of those who plunder us, And the lot of those who rob us.
Study Guide
Public-domain commentary and original-language notes for Isaiah 17.
Chapter Summary
In this chapter: Syria and Israel threatened. (1-11). The woe of Israel's enemies. (12-14).
vv1-11
Sin desolates cities. It is strange that great conquerors should take pride in being enemies to mankind; but it is better that flocks should lie down there, than that they should harbour any in open rebellion against God and holiness. The strong holds of Israel, the kingdom of the ten tribes, will be brought to ruin. Those who are partakers in sin, are justly made partakers in ruin. The people had, by sins, made themselves ripe for ruin; and their glory was as quickly cut down and taken away by the enemy, as the corn is out of the field by the husbandman. Mercy is reserved in the midst of judgment, for a remnant. But very few shall be marked to be saved. Only here and there one was left behind. But they shall be a remnant made holy. The few that are saved were awakened to return to God. They shall acknowledge his hand in all events; they shall give him the glory due to his name. To bring us to this, is the design of his providence, as he is our Maker; and the work of his grace, as he is the Holy One of Israel. They shall look off from their idols, the creatures of their own fancy. We have reason to account those afflictions happy, which part between us and our sins. The God of our salvation is the Rock of our strength; and our forgetfulness and unmindfulness of him are at the bottom of all sin. The pleasant plants, and shoots from a foreign soil, are expressions for strange and idolatrous worship, and the vile practices connected therewith. Diligence would be used to promote the growth of these strange slips, but all in vain. See the evil and danger of sin, and its certain consequences.
vv12-14
The rage and force of the Assyrians resembled the mighty waters of the sea; but when the God of Israel should rebuke them, they would flee like chaff, or like a rolling thing, before the whirlwind. In the evening Jerusalem would be in trouble, because of the powerful invader, but before morning his army would be nearly cut off. Happy are those who remember God as their salvation, and rely on his power and grace. The trouble of the believers, and the prosperity of their enemies, will be equally short; while the joy of the former, and the destruction of those that hate and spoil them, shall last for ever.
Key Words
מַשָּׂא: a burden; specifically, tribute, or (abstractly) porterage; figuratively, an utterance, chiefly adoom, especially singing; mental, desire
דַּמֶּשֶׂק: Damascus, a city of Syria
הִנֵּה: lo!
סוּר: to turn off (literal or figurative)
עִיר: a city (a place guarded by waking or a watch) in the widest sense (even of a mere encampment or post)
מְעִי: a pile of rubbish (as contorted), i.e. a ruin
מַפָּלָה: something fallen, i.e. a ruin
עֲרוֹעֵר: Aroer, the name of three places in or near Palestine
עָזַב: to loosen, i.e. relinquish, permit, etc.
עֵדֶר: an arrangement, i.e. muster (of animals)
Cross References
Isaiah 17Historical fulfillment of the burden of Damascus when Tiglath-pileser slew Rezin and captured the city.
Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB
Historical fulfillment of Ephraim's demise, as Shalmaneser carried Israel captive to Assyria.
Supported by JFB
Identifies the Valley of Rephaim near Jerusalem, used here to depict the harvest of judgment.
Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB
Moses' song foretells Israel's ruin because they forgot the Rock of their salvation.
Supported by JFB
The sudden overnight destruction of Sennacherib's invading Assyrian army before Jerusalem.
Supported by Matthew Henry, JFB
Deals with the territory of Aroer, formerly possessed by Israel, now desolate and abandoned to flocks.
Supported by Matthew Poole
Parallels the lean flesh and wasting away of glory seen in both Israel and Assyria.
Supported by JFB
A remnant of Asher, Manasseh, and Zebulun humbled themselves and returned to worship in Jerusalem.
Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB
Jeremiah's subsequent prophecy concerning the ongoing judgment and burden of Damascus.
Supported by JFB
Zechariah's later post-exilic prophetic burden concerning Damascus and the land of Hadrach.
Supported by JFB
Echoes the theme of devastated, ruined cities becoming pasture lands for feeding flocks.
Supported by JFB
Parallels the predicted destruction of Israel's fortresses (Samaria) by Assyrian conquerors.
Supported by JFB
The righteous response to judgment: looking away from idols to the God of salvation.
Supported by JFB
Ephraim's eventual repentance and complete abandonment of idols, saying, 'What have I to do with idols?'
Supported by Matthew Henry