Isaiah17
New American Standard
1The pronouncement concerning Damascus: “Behold, Damascus is about to be removed from being a city And will become a fallen ruin.
2The cities of Aroer are abandoned; They will be for herds to lie down in, And there will be no one to frighten them.
3The fortified city will disappear from Ephraim, And sovereignty from Damascus And the remnant of Aram; They will be like the glory of the sons of Israel,” Declares the Lord of armies.
4Now on that day the glory of Jacob will fade, And the fatness of his flesh will become lean.
5It will be like the reaper gathering the standing grain, As his arm harvests the ears, Or it will be like one gleaning ears of grain In the Valley of Rephaim.
6Yet gleanings will be left in it like the shaking of an olive tree, Two or three olives on the topmost branch, Four or five on the branches of a fruitful tree, Declares the Lord, the God of Israel.
7On that day man will look to his Maker And his eyes will look to the Holy One of Israel.
8And he will not look to the altars, the work of his hands, Nor will he look to that which his fingers have made, Even the Asherim and incense altars.
9On that day their strong cities will be like abandoned places in the forest, Or like branches which they abandoned before the sons of Israel; And the land will be a desolation.
10For you have forgotten the God of your salvation And have not remembered the rock of your refuge. Therefore you plant delightful plants And set them with vine shoots of a strange god.
11On the day that you plant it you carefully fence it in, And in the morning you bring your seed to blossom; But the harvest will flee On a day of illness and incurable pain.
12Oh, the uproar of many peoples Who roar like the roaring of the seas, And the rumbling of nations Who rush on like the rumbling of mighty waters!
13The nations rumble on like the rumbling of many waters, But He will rebuke them, and they will flee far away, And be chased like chaff on the mountains before the wind, Or like whirling dust before a gale.
14At evening time, behold, there is terror! Before morning they are gone. This will be the fate of those who plunder us And the lot of those who pillage us.
Study Guide
Public-domain commentary and original-language notes for Isaiah 17.
Chapter Summary
In this chapter: Syria and Israel threatened. (1-11). The woe of Israel's enemies. (12-14).
vv1-11
Sin desolates cities. It is strange that great conquerors should take pride in being enemies to mankind; but it is better that flocks should lie down there, than that they should harbour any in open rebellion against God and holiness. The strong holds of Israel, the kingdom of the ten tribes, will be brought to ruin. Those who are partakers in sin, are justly made partakers in ruin. The people had, by sins, made themselves ripe for ruin; and their glory was as quickly cut down and taken away by the enemy, as the corn is out of the field by the husbandman. Mercy is reserved in the midst of judgment, for a remnant. But very few shall be marked to be saved. Only here and there one was left behind. But they shall be a remnant made holy. The few that are saved were awakened to return to God. They shall acknowledge his hand in all events; they shall give him the glory due to his name. To bring us to this, is the design of his providence, as he is our Maker; and the work of his grace, as he is the Holy One of Israel. They shall look off from their idols, the creatures of their own fancy. We have reason to account those afflictions happy, which part between us and our sins. The God of our salvation is the Rock of our strength; and our forgetfulness and unmindfulness of him are at the bottom of all sin. The pleasant plants, and shoots from a foreign soil, are expressions for strange and idolatrous worship, and the vile practices connected therewith. Diligence would be used to promote the growth of these strange slips, but all in vain. See the evil and danger of sin, and its certain consequences.
vv12-14
The rage and force of the Assyrians resembled the mighty waters of the sea; but when the God of Israel should rebuke them, they would flee like chaff, or like a rolling thing, before the whirlwind. In the evening Jerusalem would be in trouble, because of the powerful invader, but before morning his army would be nearly cut off. Happy are those who remember God as their salvation, and rely on his power and grace. The trouble of the believers, and the prosperity of their enemies, will be equally short; while the joy of the former, and the destruction of those that hate and spoil them, shall last for ever.
Key Words
מַשָּׂא: a burden; specifically, tribute, or (abstractly) porterage; figuratively, an utterance, chiefly adoom, especially singing; mental, desire
דַּמֶּשֶׂק: Damascus, a city of Syria
הִנֵּה: lo!
סוּר: to turn off (literal or figurative)
עִיר: a city (a place guarded by waking or a watch) in the widest sense (even of a mere encampment or post)
מְעִי: a pile of rubbish (as contorted), i.e. a ruin
מַפָּלָה: something fallen, i.e. a ruin
עֲרוֹעֵר: Aroer, the name of three places in or near Palestine
עָזַב: to loosen, i.e. relinquish, permit, etc.
עֵדֶר: an arrangement, i.e. muster (of animals)
Cross References
Isaiah 17Historical fulfillment of the burden of Damascus when Tiglath-pileser slew Rezin and captured the city.
Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB
Historical fulfillment of Ephraim's demise, as Shalmaneser carried Israel captive to Assyria.
Supported by JFB
Identifies the Valley of Rephaim near Jerusalem, used here to depict the harvest of judgment.
Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB
Moses' song foretells Israel's ruin because they forgot the Rock of their salvation.
Supported by JFB
The sudden overnight destruction of Sennacherib's invading Assyrian army before Jerusalem.
Supported by Matthew Henry, JFB
Deals with the territory of Aroer, formerly possessed by Israel, now desolate and abandoned to flocks.
Supported by Matthew Poole
Parallels the lean flesh and wasting away of glory seen in both Israel and Assyria.
Supported by JFB
A remnant of Asher, Manasseh, and Zebulun humbled themselves and returned to worship in Jerusalem.
Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB
Jeremiah's subsequent prophecy concerning the ongoing judgment and burden of Damascus.
Supported by JFB
Zechariah's later post-exilic prophetic burden concerning Damascus and the land of Hadrach.
Supported by JFB
Echoes the theme of devastated, ruined cities becoming pasture lands for feeding flocks.
Supported by JFB
Parallels the predicted destruction of Israel's fortresses (Samaria) by Assyrian conquerors.
Supported by JFB
The righteous response to judgment: looking away from idols to the God of salvation.
Supported by JFB
Ephraim's eventual repentance and complete abandonment of idols, saying, 'What have I to do with idols?'
Supported by Matthew Henry