Isaiah18
New American Standard
1Woe, land of whirring wings Which lies beyond the rivers of Cush,
2Which sends messengers by the sea, Even in papyrus vessels on the surface of the waters. Go, swift messengers, to a nation tall and smooth, To a people feared far and wide, A powerful and oppressive nation Whose land the rivers divide.
3All you who inhabit the world, and live on earth, As soon as a flag is raised on the mountains, you will see it, And as soon as the trumpet is blown, you will hear it.
4For this is what the Lord has told me: “I will quietly look from My dwelling place Like dazzling heat in the sunshine, Like a cloud of dew in the heat of harvest.”
5For before the harvest, as soon as the bud blossoms And the flower becomes a ripening grape, He will cut off the shoots with pruning knives, And remove and tear away the spreading branches.
6They will be left together for mountain birds of prey, And for the animals of the earth; And the birds of prey will spend the summer feeding on them, And all the animals of the earth will spend harvest time on them.
7At that time a gift of tribute will be brought to the Lord of armies From a people tall and smooth, From a people feared far and wide, A powerful and oppressive nation, Whose land the rivers divide— To the place of the name of the Lord of armies, to Mount Zion.
Study Guide
Public-domain commentary and original-language notes for Isaiah 18.
Chapter Summary
In this chapter: God's care for his people; and the increase of the church. (1-7).
vv1-7
This chapter is one of the most obscure in Scripture, though more of it probably was understood by those for whose use it was first intended, than by us now. Swift messengers are sent by water to a nation marked by Providence, and measured out, trodden under foot. God's people are trampled on; but whoever thinks to swallow them up, finds they are cast down, yet not deserted, not destroyed. All the dwellers on earth must watch the motions of the Divine Providence, and wait upon the directions of the Divine will. God gives assurance to his prophet, and by him to be given to his people. Zion is his rest for ever, and he will look after it. He will suit to their case the comforts and refreshments he provides for them; they will be acceptable, because seasonable. He will reckon with his and their enemies; and as God's people are protected at all seasons of the year, so their enemies are exposed at all seasons. A tribute of praise should be brought to God from all this. What is offered to God, must be offered in the way he has appointed; and we may expect him to meet us where he records his name. Thus shall the nations of the earth be convinced that Jehovah is the God, and Israel is his people, and shall unite in presenting spiritual sacrifices to his glory. Happy are those who take warning by his judgment on others, and hasten to join him and his people. Whatever land or people may be intended, we are here taught not to think that God takes no care of his church, and has no respect to the affairs of men, because he permits the wicked to triumph for a season. He has wise reasons for so doing, which we cannot now understand, but which will appear at the great day of his coming, when he will bring every work into judgment, and reward every man according to his works.
Key Words
הוֹי: oh!
אֶרֶץ: the earth (at large, or partitively a land)
צְלָצַל: a clatter, i.e. (abstractly) whirring (of wings); (concretely) a cricket; also a harpoon (as rattling), a cymbal (as clanging)
כָּנָף: an edge or extremity; specifically (of a bird or army) a wing, (of a garment or bedclothing) a flap, (of the earth) a quarter, (of a building) a pinnacle
אֲשֶׁר: who, which, what, that; also (as an adverb and a conjunction) when, where, how, because, in order that, etc.
עֵבֶר: properly, a region across; but used only adverbially (with or without a preposition) on the opposite side (especially of the Jordan; ususally meaning the east)
נָהָר: a stream (including the sea; expectation the Nile, Euphrates, etc.); figuratively, prosperity
כּוּשׁ: Cush (or Ethiopia), the name of a son of Ham, and of his territory; also of an Israelite
שָׁלַח: to send away, for, or out (in a great variety of applications)
צִיר: a hinge (as pressed in turning); also a throe (as a phys. or mental pressure); also a herald or erranddoer (as constrained by the principal)
Cross References
Isaiah 18Verbatim parallel of offering brought to God from 'beyond the rivers of Ethiopia'.
Supported by JFB
Direct linguistic parallel for the rare papyrus vessels ('bulrushes') used on the waters.
Supported by JFB
Prophetic description of kings bringing presents, specifically mentioning Ethiopia stretching hands to God.
Supported by JFB
Identifies Tirhakah king of Ethiopia, who marched against Sennacherib during this prophetic timeframe.
Supported by JFB
Historical fulfillment of an Ethiopian convert coming to worship at Jerusalem (Zion).
Supported by JFB
Explores the dual imagery of protective wings, contrasted with the land shadowing with wings.
Supported by JFB
Parallel imagery of the drying Nile and the failure of Egyptian/Ethiopian water-dependent commerce.
Supported by JFB
Thematic parallel of God's defeated enemies left as a feast for scavenging fowls and beasts.
Historical fulfillment of gifts and presents brought to Hezekiah and Jehovah after Assyria's fall.
Supported by Matthew Henry
Parallel of swift messengers sent by God in ships to make careless Ethiopians afraid.