Jeremiah39
New King James Version
1In the ninth year of Zedekiah king of Judah, in the tenth month, Nebuchadnezzar king of Babylon and all his army came against Jerusalem, and besieged it.
2In the eleventh year of Zedekiah, in the fourth month, on the ninth day of the month, the city was penetrated.
3Then all the princes of the king of Babylon came in and sat in the Middle Gate: Nergal-Sharezer, Samgar-Nebo, Sarsechim, Rabsaris, Nergal-Sarezer, Rabmag, with the rest of the princes of the king of Babylon.
4So it was, when Zedekiah the king of Judah and all the men of war saw them, that they fled and went out of the city by night, by way of the king’s garden, by the gate between the two walls. And he went out by way of the plain.
5But the Chaldean army pursued them and overtook Zedekiah in the plains of Jericho. And when they had captured him, they brought him up to Nebuchadnezzar king of Babylon, to Riblah in the land of Hamath, where he pronounced judgment on him.
6Then the king of Babylon killed the sons of Zedekiah before his eyes in Riblah; the king of Babylon also killed all the nobles of Judah.
7Moreover he put out Zedekiah’s eyes, and bound him with bronze fetters to carry him off to Babylon.
8And the Chaldeans burned the king’s house and the houses of the people with fire, and broke down the walls of Jerusalem.
9Then Nebuzaradan the captain of the guard carried away captive to Babylon the remnant of the people who remained in the city and those who defected to him, with the rest of the people who remained.
10But Nebuzaradan the captain of the guard left in the land of Judah the poor people, who had nothing, and gave them vineyards and fields at the same time.
11Now Nebuchadnezzar king of Babylon gave charge concerning Jeremiah to Nebuzaradan the captain of the guard, saying,
12“Take him and look after him, and do him no harm; but do to him just as he says to you.”
13So Nebuzaradan the captain of the guard sent Nebushasban, Rabsaris, Nergal-Sharezer, Rabmag, and all the king of Babylon’s chief officers;
14then they sent someone to take Jeremiah from the court of the prison, and committed him to Gedaliah the son of Ahikam, the son of Shaphan, that he should take him home. So he dwelt among the people.
15Meanwhile the word of the Lord had come to Jeremiah while he was shut up in the court of the prison, saying,
16“Go and speak to Ebed-Melech the Ethiopian, saying, ‘Thus says the Lord of hosts, the God of Israel: “Behold, I will bring My words upon this city for adversity and not for good, and they shall be performed in that day before you.
17But I will deliver you in that day,” says the Lord, “and you shall not be given into the hand of the men of whom you are afraid.
18For I will surely deliver you, and you shall not fall by the sword; but your life shall be as a prize to you, because you have put your trust in Me,” says the Lord.’ ”
Study Guide
Public-domain commentary and original-language notes for Jeremiah 39.
Chapter Summary
In this chapter: The taking of Jerusalem. (1-10). Jeremiah used well. (11-14). Promises of safety to Ebed-melech. (15-18).
vv1-10
Jerusalem was so strong, that the inhabitants believed the enemy could never enter it. But sin provoked God to withdraw his protection, and then it was as weak as other cities. Zedekiah had his eyes put out; so he was condemned to darkness who had shut his eyes against the clear light of God's word. Those who will not believe God's words, will be convinced by the event. Observe the wonderful changes of Providence, how uncertain are earthly possessions; and see the just dealings of Providence: but whether the Lord makes men poor or rich, nothing will profit them while they cleave to their sins.
vv11-14
The servants of God alone are prepared for all events; and they are delivered and comforted, while the wicked suffer. They often meet with more kindness from the profane, than from hypocritical professors of godliness. The Lord will raise them up friends, do them good, and perform all his promises.
vv15-18
Here is a message to assure Ebed-melech of a recompence for his great kindness to Jeremiah. Because thou hast put thy trust in me, saith the Lord. God recompenses men's services according to their principles. Those who trust God in the way of duty, as this good man did, will find that their hope shall not fail in times of the greatest danger.
Key Words
תְּשִׁיעִי: ninth
שָׁנֶה: a year (as a revolution of time)
צִדְקִיָּה: Tsidkijah, the name of six Israelites
מֶלֶךְ: a king
יְהוּדָה: Jehudah (or Judah), the name of five Israelites; also of the tribe descended from the first, and of its territory
עֲשִׂירִי: tenth; by abbreviation, tenth month or (feminine) part
חֹדֶשׁ: the new moon; by implication, a month
נְבוּכַדְנֶאצַּר: Nebukadnetstsar (or -retstsar, or -retstsor), king of Babylon
בָּבֶל: Babel (i.e. Babylon), including Babylonia and the Babylonian empire
כֹּל: properly, the whole; hence, all, any or every (in the singular only, but often in a plural sense)
Cross References
Jeremiah 39Parallels the exact chronological opening and details of the final siege of Jerusalem.
Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB
Prophetic fulfillment of Zedekiah escaping by digging through the wall in twilight.
Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB
Fulfills prophecy that Zedekiah would be brought to Babylon but not see it.
Supported by JFB
Matches the historical summary of the siege timeline and breach of the city.
Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB
Identical historical record of the blinding of Zedekiah and his binding in chains.
Supported by Matthew Poole
Identifies Ebed-melech's previous merciful rescue of Jeremiah, explaining why God spares him.
Supported by Matthew Henry, JFB
Fulfills warning that Babylon's princes would sit in possession of the city.
Supported by JFB
Fulfills Jeremiah's specific warning that Zedekiah would speak with Nebuchadrezzar face-to-face.
Supported by JFB
Fulfills prediction that Zedekiah's wives and children would fall to the Chaldeans.
Supported by JFB
Elaborates on Nebuzar-adan's actions, the burning of the temple, and deportations.
Supported by JFB
Identifies Ahikam as Jeremiah's earlier protector, whose son Gedaliah now receives him.
Supported by JFB
Ezekiel's theological explanation of Zedekiah's judgment for breaking his covenant oath.
Supported by JFB
Parallel account of leaving the poor to serve as vinedressers and husbandmen.
Supported by JFB
Provides details on Jeremiah being taken to Ramah in chains before release.
Supported by JFB