Ezekiel 17NKJV
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Ezekiel17

New King James Version

1And the word of the Lord came to me, saying,

2“Son of man, pose a riddle, and speak a parable to the house of Israel,

3and say, ‘Thus says the Lord God: “A great eagle with large wings and long pinions, Full of feathers of various colors, Came to Lebanon And took from the cedar the highest branch.

4He cropped off its topmost young twig And carried it to a land of trade; He set it in a city of merchants.

5Then he took some of the seed of the land And planted it in a fertile field; He placed it by abundant waters And set it like a willow tree.

6And it grew and became a spreading vine of low stature; Its branches turned toward him, But its roots were under it. So it became a vine, Brought forth branches, And put forth shoots.

7“But there was another great eagle with large wings and many feathers; And behold, this vine bent its roots toward him, And stretched its branches toward him, From the garden terrace where it had been planted, That he might water it.

8It was planted in good soil by many waters, To bring forth branches, bear fruit, And become a majestic vine.” ’

9“Say, ‘Thus says the Lord God: “Will it thrive? Will he not pull up its roots, Cut off its fruit, And leave it to wither? All of its spring leaves will wither, And no great power or many people Will be needed to pluck it up by its roots.

10Behold, it is planted, Will it thrive? Will it not utterly wither when the east wind touches it? It will wither in the garden terrace where it grew.” ’ ”

11Moreover the word of the Lord came to me, saying,

12“Say now to the rebellious house: ‘Do you not know what these things mean?’ Tell them, ‘Indeed the king of Babylon went to Jerusalem and took its king and princes, and led them with him to Babylon.

13And he took the king’s offspring, made a covenant with him, and put him under oath. He also took away the mighty of the land,

14that the kingdom might be brought low and not lift itself up, but that by keeping his covenant it might stand.

15But he rebelled against him by sending his ambassadors to Egypt, that they might give him horses and many people. Will he prosper? Will he who does such things escape? Can he break a covenant and still be delivered?

16‘As I live,’ says the Lord God, ‘surely in the place where the king dwells who made him king, whose oath he despised and whose covenant he broke—with him in the midst of Babylon he shall die.

17Nor will Pharaoh with his mighty army and great company do anything in the war, when they heap up a siege mound and build a wall to cut off many persons.

18Since he despised the oath by breaking the covenant, and in fact gave his hand and still did all these things, he shall not escape.’ ”

19Therefore thus says the Lord God: “As I live, surely My oath which he despised, and My covenant which he broke, I will recompense on his own head.

20I will spread My net over him, and he shall be taken in My snare. I will bring him to Babylon and try him there for the treason which he committed against Me.

21All his fugitives with all his troops shall fall by the sword, and those who remain shall be scattered to every wind; and you shall know that I, the Lord, have spoken.”

22Thus says the Lord God: “I will take also one of the highest branches of the high cedar and set it out. I will crop off from the topmost of its young twigs a tender one, and will plant it on a high and prominent mountain.

23On the mountain height of Israel I will plant it; and it will bring forth boughs, and bear fruit, and be a majestic cedar. Under it will dwell birds of every sort; in the shadow of its branches they will dwell.

24And all the trees of the field shall know that I, the Lord, have brought down the high tree and exalted the low tree, dried up the green tree and made the dry tree flourish; I, the Lord, have spoken and have done it.”

Study Guide

Public-domain commentary and original-language notes for Ezekiel 17.

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Chapter Summary

In this chapter: A parable relative to the Jewish nation. (1-10). to which an explanation is added. (11-21). A direct promise of the Messiah. (22-24).

vv1-10

Mighty conquerors are aptly likened to birds or beasts of prey, but their destructive passions are overruled to forward God's designs. Those who depart from God, only vary their crimes by changing one carnal confidence for another, and never will prosper.

vv11-21

The parable is explained, and the particulars of the history of the Jewish nation at that time may be traced. Zedekiah had been ungrateful to his benefactor, which is a sin against God. In every solemn oath, God is appealed to as a witness of the sincerity of him that swears. Truth is a debt owing to all men. If the professors of the true religion deal treacherously with those of a false religion, their profession makes their sin the worse; and God will the more surely and severely punish it. The Lord will not hold those guiltless who take his name in vain; and no man shall escape the righteous judgment of God who dies under unrepented guilt.

vv22-24

The unbelief of man shall not make the promise of God of none effect. The parable of a tree, used in the threatening, is here presented in the promise. It appears only applicable to Jesus, the Son of David, the Messiah of God. The kingdom of Satan, which has borne so long, so large a sway, shall be broken, and the kingdom of Christ, which was looked upon with contempt, shall be established. Blessed be God, our Redeemer is seen even by the ends of the earth. We may find refuge from the wrath to come, and from every enemy and danger, under his shadow; and believers are fruitful in him.

Cross References

Ezekiel 17

Historical record of Zedekiah's rebellion and breaking the oath he made by God to Nebuchadnezzar.

Supported by Matthew Poole, John Calvin, JFB

v7Jeremiah 37:5-7thematic

Fulfills the metaphor of the vine bending roots to Egypt, seeking Pharaoh's military intervention.

Supported by Matthew Poole, John Calvin, JFB

v22Isaiah 11:1allusion

Messianic prophecy of the tender branch/rod from the stem of Jesse, corresponding to Ezekiel's cedar twig.

Supported by Matthew Henry, JFB

v22Jeremiah 23:5allusion

The promise of raising to David a righteous Branch, matching the planting of the tender high cedar twig.

Supported by Matthew Henry, JFB

v23Matthew 13:32allusion

Christ's mustard seed parable echoes the birds dwelling under the shadow of the great cedar's branches.

Supported by Matthew Henry, JFB

v3Jeremiah 48:40allusion

Jeremiah also depicts the king of Babylon as an eagle flying swiftly over his prey.

Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB

v52 Kings 24:17thematic

Historical account of Nebuchadnezzar making Mattaniah (Zedekiah) king over Judea.

Supported by Matthew Poole, John Calvin

v10Hosea 13:15allusion

The destructive east wind that dries up the vine's spring and water source.

Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB

v14Ezekiel 29:14thematic

Parallels the descriptive language of Egypt being reduced to a base, low-stature kingdom.

Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB

v16Jeremiah 52:11fulfillment

Records Zedekiah being bound in chains and brought to Babylon, where he died as prophesied.

Supported by Matthew Poole, John Calvin

v20Ezekiel 12:13thematic

Ezekiel's earlier metaphor of spreading His net upon Zedekiah, who is taken to Babylon.

Supported by John Calvin, JFB

The capture of Jerusalem, Jehoiachin, and the elites, matching the eagle cropping the cedar's top.

Supported by John Calvin, JFB

v5Isaiah 44:4allusion

Illustrates the rapid growth of the willow tree beside abundant flowing waters.

Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB

v7Ezekiel 17:15thematic

The prophet's own literal explanation of the second eagle as Zedekiah sending ambassadors to Egypt.

Supported by Matthew Poole

v12Jeremiah 37:1thematic

Concretely identifies Nebuchadnezzar setting up Zedekiah as king in place of Coniah (Jehoiachin).

Supported by John Calvin

v16Zechariah 5:4thematic

Prophetic warning of God's curse consuming the house of whoever swears falsely by His name.

Supported by Matthew Henry

Lamentations refers to the captured king as the breath of our nostrils taken in their pits.

Supported by JFB

v23Daniel 4:12allusion

The cosmic tree metaphor, where beasts find shadow and birds dwell in its boughs.

Supported by Matthew Poole

v3Ezekiel 31:3thematic

Ezekiel uses the same image of a towering Assyrian cedar with high top branches.

Supported by JFB

v13Hosea 10:4thematic

Sparing no words for those who swear falsely and make covenants with empty oaths.

Supported by John Calvin

Law forbidding Israel's king to multiply horses or cause the people to return to Egypt.

Supported by Matthew Henry

v22Ezekiel 20:40thematic

The mountain of the height of Israel is identified as God's holy mountain of worship.

Supported by JFB