Jeremiah39
New Living Translation
1In January of the ninth year of King Zedekiah’s reign, King Nebuchadnezzar of Babylon came with his entire army to besiege Jerusalem.
2Two and a half years later, on July 18 in the eleventh year of Zedekiah’s reign, a section of the city wall was broken down.
3All the officers of the Babylonian army came in and sat in triumph at the Middle Gate: Nergal-sharezer of Samgar, and Nebo-sarsekim, a chief officer, and Nergal-sharezer, the king’s adviser, and all the other officers of the king of Babylon.
4When King Zedekiah of Judah and all the soldiers saw that the Babylonians had broken into the city, they fled. They waited for nightfall and then slipped through the gate between the two walls behind the king’s garden and headed toward the Jordan Valley.
5But the Babylonian troops chased them and overtook Zedekiah on the plains of Jericho. They captured him and took him to King Nebuchadnezzar of Babylon, who was at Riblah in the land of Hamath. There the king of Babylon pronounced judgment upon Zedekiah.
6The king of Babylon made Zedekiah watch as he slaughtered his sons at Riblah. The king of Babylon also slaughtered all the nobles of Judah.
7Then he gouged out Zedekiah’s eyes and bound him in bronze chains to lead him away to Babylon.
8Meanwhile, the Babylonians burned Jerusalem, including the royal palace and the houses of the people, and they tore down the walls of the city.
9Then Nebuzaradan, the captain of the guard, took as exiles to Babylon the rest of the people who remained in the city, those who had defected to him, and everyone else who remained.
10But Nebuzaradan allowed some of the poorest people to stay behind in the land of Judah, and he assigned them to care for the vineyards and fields.
11King Nebuchadnezzar had told Nebuzaradan, the captain of the guard, to find Jeremiah.
12“See that he isn’t hurt,” he said. “Look after him well, and give him anything he wants.”
13So Nebuzaradan, the captain of the guard; Nebushazban, a chief officer; Nergal-sharezer, the king’s adviser; and the other officers of Babylon’s king
14sent messengers to bring Jeremiah out of the prison. They put him under the care of Gedaliah son of Ahikam and grandson of Shaphan, who took him back to his home. So Jeremiah stayed in Judah among his own people.
15The Lord had given the following message to Jeremiah while he was still in prison:
16“Say to Ebed-melech the Ethiopian, ‘This is what the Lord of Heaven’s Armies, the God of Israel, says: I will do to this city everything I have threatened. I will send disaster, not prosperity. You will see its destruction,
17but I will rescue you from those you fear so much.
18Because you trusted me, I will give you your life as a reward. I will rescue you and keep you safe. I, the Lord, have spoken!’”
Study Guide
Public-domain commentary and original-language notes for Jeremiah 39.
Chapter Summary
In this chapter: The taking of Jerusalem. (1-10). Jeremiah used well. (11-14). Promises of safety to Ebed-melech. (15-18).
vv1-10
Jerusalem was so strong, that the inhabitants believed the enemy could never enter it. But sin provoked God to withdraw his protection, and then it was as weak as other cities. Zedekiah had his eyes put out; so he was condemned to darkness who had shut his eyes against the clear light of God's word. Those who will not believe God's words, will be convinced by the event. Observe the wonderful changes of Providence, how uncertain are earthly possessions; and see the just dealings of Providence: but whether the Lord makes men poor or rich, nothing will profit them while they cleave to their sins.
vv11-14
The servants of God alone are prepared for all events; and they are delivered and comforted, while the wicked suffer. They often meet with more kindness from the profane, than from hypocritical professors of godliness. The Lord will raise them up friends, do them good, and perform all his promises.
vv15-18
Here is a message to assure Ebed-melech of a recompence for his great kindness to Jeremiah. Because thou hast put thy trust in me, saith the Lord. God recompenses men's services according to their principles. Those who trust God in the way of duty, as this good man did, will find that their hope shall not fail in times of the greatest danger.
Key Words
תְּשִׁיעִי: ninth
שָׁנֶה: a year (as a revolution of time)
צִדְקִיָּה: Tsidkijah, the name of six Israelites
מֶלֶךְ: a king
יְהוּדָה: Jehudah (or Judah), the name of five Israelites; also of the tribe descended from the first, and of its territory
עֲשִׂירִי: tenth; by abbreviation, tenth month or (feminine) part
חֹדֶשׁ: the new moon; by implication, a month
נְבוּכַדְנֶאצַּר: Nebukadnetstsar (or -retstsar, or -retstsor), king of Babylon
בָּבֶל: Babel (i.e. Babylon), including Babylonia and the Babylonian empire
כֹּל: properly, the whole; hence, all, any or every (in the singular only, but often in a plural sense)
Cross References
Jeremiah 39Parallels the exact chronological opening and details of the final siege of Jerusalem.
Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB
Prophetic fulfillment of Zedekiah escaping by digging through the wall in twilight.
Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB
Fulfills prophecy that Zedekiah would be brought to Babylon but not see it.
Supported by JFB
Matches the historical summary of the siege timeline and breach of the city.
Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB
Identical historical record of the blinding of Zedekiah and his binding in chains.
Supported by Matthew Poole
Identifies Ebed-melech's previous merciful rescue of Jeremiah, explaining why God spares him.
Supported by Matthew Henry, JFB
Fulfills warning that Babylon's princes would sit in possession of the city.
Supported by JFB
Fulfills Jeremiah's specific warning that Zedekiah would speak with Nebuchadrezzar face-to-face.
Supported by JFB
Fulfills prediction that Zedekiah's wives and children would fall to the Chaldeans.
Supported by JFB
Elaborates on Nebuzar-adan's actions, the burning of the temple, and deportations.
Supported by JFB
Identifies Ahikam as Jeremiah's earlier protector, whose son Gedaliah now receives him.
Supported by JFB
Ezekiel's theological explanation of Zedekiah's judgment for breaking his covenant oath.
Supported by JFB
Parallel account of leaving the poor to serve as vinedressers and husbandmen.
Supported by JFB
Provides details on Jeremiah being taken to Ramah in chains before release.
Supported by JFB