Jeremiah39
World English Bible · Public Domain
1In the ninth year of Zedekiah king of Judah, in the tenth month, Nebuchadnezzar king of Babylon and all his army came against Jerusalem, and besieged it.
2In the eleventh year of Zedekiah, in the fourth month, the ninth day of the month, a breach was made in the city.
3All the princes of the king of Babylon came in, and sat in the middle gate: Nergal Sharezer, Samgarnebo, Sarsechim the Rabsaris, Nergal Sharezer the Rabmag, with all the rest of the princes of the king of Babylon.
4When Zedekiah the king of Judah and all the men of war saw them, then they fled and went out of the city by night, by the way of the king’s garden, through the gate between the two walls; and he went out toward the Arabah.
5But the army of the Chaldeans pursued them, and overtook Zedekiah in the plains of Jericho. When they had taken him, they brought him up to Nebuchadnezzar king of Babylon to Riblah in the land of Hamath; and he pronounced judgment on him.
6Then the king of Babylon killed Zedekiah’s sons in Riblah before his eyes. The king of Babylon also killed all the nobles of Judah.
7Moreover he put out Zedekiah’s eyes and bound him in fetters, to carry him to Babylon.
8The Chaldeans burned the king’s house and the people’s houses with fire and broke down the walls of Jerusalem.
9Then Nebuzaradan the captain of the guard carried away captive into Babylon the rest of the people who remained in the city, the deserters also who fell away to him, and the rest of the people who remained.
10But Nebuzaradan the captain of the guard left of the poor of the people, who had nothing, in the land of Judah, and gave them vineyards and fields at the same time.
11Now Nebuchadnezzar king of Babylon commanded Nebuzaradan the captain of the guard concerning Jeremiah, saying,
12“Take him and take care of him. Do him no harm; but do to him even as he tells you.”
13So Nebuzaradan the captain of the guard, Nebushazban, Rabsaris, and Nergal Sharezer, Rabmag, and all the chief officers of the king of Babylon
14sent and took Jeremiah out of the court of the guard, and committed him to Gedaliah the son of Ahikam, the son of Shaphan, that he should bring him home. So he lived among the people.
15Now Yahweh’s word came to Jeremiah while he was shut up in the court of the guard, saying,
16“Go, and speak to Ebedmelech the Ethiopian, saying, ‘Yahweh of Armies, the God of Israel, says: “Behold, I will bring my words on this city for evil, and not for good; and they will be accomplished before you in that day.
17But I will deliver you in that day,” says Yahweh; “and you will not be given into the hand of the men of whom you are afraid.
18For I will surely save you. You won’t fall by the sword, but you will escape with your life, because you have put your trust in me,” says Yahweh.’”
Study Guide
Public-domain commentary and original-language notes for Jeremiah 39.
Chapter Summary
In this chapter: The taking of Jerusalem. (1-10). Jeremiah used well. (11-14). Promises of safety to Ebed-melech. (15-18).
vv1-10
Jerusalem was so strong, that the inhabitants believed the enemy could never enter it. But sin provoked God to withdraw his protection, and then it was as weak as other cities. Zedekiah had his eyes put out; so he was condemned to darkness who had shut his eyes against the clear light of God's word. Those who will not believe God's words, will be convinced by the event. Observe the wonderful changes of Providence, how uncertain are earthly possessions; and see the just dealings of Providence: but whether the Lord makes men poor or rich, nothing will profit them while they cleave to their sins.
vv11-14
The servants of God alone are prepared for all events; and they are delivered and comforted, while the wicked suffer. They often meet with more kindness from the profane, than from hypocritical professors of godliness. The Lord will raise them up friends, do them good, and perform all his promises.
vv15-18
Here is a message to assure Ebed-melech of a recompence for his great kindness to Jeremiah. Because thou hast put thy trust in me, saith the Lord. God recompenses men's services according to their principles. Those who trust God in the way of duty, as this good man did, will find that their hope shall not fail in times of the greatest danger.
Key Words
תְּשִׁיעִי: ninth
שָׁנֶה: a year (as a revolution of time)
צִדְקִיָּה: Tsidkijah, the name of six Israelites
מֶלֶךְ: a king
יְהוּדָה: Jehudah (or Judah), the name of five Israelites; also of the tribe descended from the first, and of its territory
עֲשִׂירִי: tenth; by abbreviation, tenth month or (feminine) part
חֹדֶשׁ: the new moon; by implication, a month
נְבוּכַדְנֶאצַּר: Nebukadnetstsar (or -retstsar, or -retstsor), king of Babylon
בָּבֶל: Babel (i.e. Babylon), including Babylonia and the Babylonian empire
כֹּל: properly, the whole; hence, all, any or every (in the singular only, but often in a plural sense)
Cross References
Jeremiah 39Parallels the exact chronological opening and details of the final siege of Jerusalem.
Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB
Prophetic fulfillment of Zedekiah escaping by digging through the wall in twilight.
Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB
Fulfills prophecy that Zedekiah would be brought to Babylon but not see it.
Supported by JFB
Matches the historical summary of the siege timeline and breach of the city.
Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB
Identical historical record of the blinding of Zedekiah and his binding in chains.
Supported by Matthew Poole
Identifies Ebed-melech's previous merciful rescue of Jeremiah, explaining why God spares him.
Supported by Matthew Henry, JFB
Fulfills warning that Babylon's princes would sit in possession of the city.
Supported by JFB
Fulfills Jeremiah's specific warning that Zedekiah would speak with Nebuchadrezzar face-to-face.
Supported by JFB
Fulfills prediction that Zedekiah's wives and children would fall to the Chaldeans.
Supported by JFB
Elaborates on Nebuzar-adan's actions, the burning of the temple, and deportations.
Supported by JFB
Identifies Ahikam as Jeremiah's earlier protector, whose son Gedaliah now receives him.
Supported by JFB
Ezekiel's theological explanation of Zedekiah's judgment for breaking his covenant oath.
Supported by JFB
Parallel account of leaving the poor to serve as vinedressers and husbandmen.
Supported by JFB
Provides details on Jeremiah being taken to Ramah in chains before release.
Supported by JFB