Isaiah16
New Living Translation
1Send lambs from Sela as tribute to the ruler of the land. Send them through the desert to the mountain of beautiful Zion.
2The women of Moab are left like homeless birds at the shallow crossings of the Arnon River.
3“Help us,” they cry. “Defend us against our enemies. Protect us from their relentless attack. Do not betray us now that we have escaped.
4Let our refugees stay among you. Hide them from our enemies until the terror is past.” When oppression and destruction have ended and enemy raiders have disappeared,
5then God will establish one of David’s descendants as king. He will rule with mercy and truth. He will always do what is just and be eager to do what is right.
6We have heard about proud Moab— about its pride and arrogance and rage. But all that boasting has disappeared.
7The entire land of Moab weeps. Yes, everyone in Moab mourns for the cakes of raisins from Kir-hareseth. They are all gone now.
8The farms of Heshbon are abandoned; the vineyards at Sibmah are deserted. The rulers of the nations have broken down Moab— that beautiful grapevine. Its tendrils spread north as far as the town of Jazer and trailed eastward into the wilderness. Its shoots reached so far west that they crossed over the Dead Sea.
9So now I weep for Jazer and the vineyards of Sibmah; my tears will flow for Heshbon and Elealeh. There are no more shouts of joy over your summer fruits and harvest.
10Gone now is the gladness, gone the joy of harvest. There will be no singing in the vineyards, no more happy shouts, no treading of grapes in the winepresses. I have ended all their harvest joys.
11My heart’s cry for Moab is like a lament on a harp. I am filled with anguish for Kir-hareseth.
12The people of Moab will worship at their pagan shrines, but it will do them no good. They will cry to the gods in their temples, but no one will be able to save them.
13The Lord has already said these things about Moab in the past.
14But now the Lord says, “Within three years, counting each day, the glory of Moab will be ended. From its great population, only a feeble few will be left alive.”
Study Guide
Public-domain commentary and original-language notes for Isaiah 16.
Chapter Summary
In this chapter: Moab is exhorted to yield obedience. (1-5). The pride and the judgments of Moab. (6-14).
vv1-5
God tells sinners what they may do to prevent ruin; so he does to Moab. Let them send the tribute they formerly engaged to pay to Judah. Take it as good advice. Break off thy sins by righteousness, it may lengthen thy quiet. And this may be applied to the great gospel duty of submission to Christ. Send him the lamb, the best you have, yourselves a living sacrifice. When you come to God, the great Ruler, come in the name of the Lamb, the Lamb of God. Those who will not submit to Christ, shall be as a bird that wanders from her nest, which shall be snatched up by the next bird of prey. Those who will not yield to the fear of God, shall be made to yield to the fear of every thing else. He advises them to be kind to the seed of Israel. Those that expect to find favour when in trouble themselves, must show favour to those in trouble. What is here said concerning the throne of Hezekiah, also belongs, in a much higher sense, to the kingdom of Jesus Christ. Though by subjection to Him we may not enjoy worldly riches or honours, but may be exposed to poverty and contempt, we shall have peace of conscience and eternal life.
vv6-14
Those who will not be counselled, cannot be helped. More souls are ruined by pride than by any other sin whatever. Also, the very proud are commonly very passionate. With lies many seek to gain the gratification of pride and passion, but they shall not compass proud and angry projects. Moab was famous for fields and vineyards; but they shall be laid waste by the invading army. God can soon turn laughter into mourning, and joy into heaviness. In God let us always rejoice with holy triumph; in earthly things let us always rejoice with holy trembling. The prophet looks with concern on the desolations of such a pleasant country; it causes inward grief. The false gods of Moab are unable to help; and the God of Israel, the only true God, can and will make good what he has spoken. Let Moab know her ruin is very near, and prepare. The most awful declarations of Divine wrath, discover the way of escape to those who take warning. There is no escape, but by submission to the Son of David, and devoting ourselves to him. And, at length, when the appointed time comes, all the glory, prosperity, and multitude of the wicked shall perish.
Key Words
שָׁלַח: to send away, for, or out (in a great variety of applications)
כַּר: a ram (as full-grown and fat), including a battering-ram (as butting); hence, a meadow (as for sheep); also a pad or camel's saddle (as puffed out)
מָשַׁל: to rule
אֶרֶץ: the earth (at large, or partitively a land)
מִן: properly, a part of; hence (prepositionally), from or out of in many senses
סֶלַע: Sela, the rock-city of Idumaea
מִדְבָּר: a pasture (i.e. open field, whither cattle are driven); by implication, a desert; also speech (including its organs)
הַר: a mountain or range of hills (sometimes used figuratively)
בַּת: a daughter (used in the same wide sense as other terms of relationship, literally and figuratively)
צִיּוֹן: Tsijon (as a permanent capital), a mountain of Jerusalem
Cross References
Isaiah 16Moab previously paid a heavy tribute of lambs, which they are now exhorted to restore.
Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB
Jeremiah's parallel oracle matching Isaiah's description of the pride and haughtiness of Moab.
Supported by JFB
Parallel lament over the vine of Sibmah whose branches reached the sea.
Supported by JFB
Sela (Petra) was captured by Amaziah, bringing it under Judah's dominion.
Supported by JFB
David originally subdued the Moabites and brought them under tribute.
Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB
Parallel text where the prophet laments for the men of Kir-hareseth.
Supported by JFB
Parallel imagery of the heart sounding like pipes or a harp for Moab.
The established throne in David's tabernacle points typologically to King Messiah.
Supported by Matthew Henry, JFB
Parallel description of joy taken away from the plentiful field and quiet presses.
Supported by JFB
Identical phrase 'years of an hireling' used to specify a precise three-year judgment.
The metaphor of a shadow/refuge from the heat and storm matches the advice to Moab.
Supported by JFB
God will tread down Moab's pride like straw is trodden down in dunghills.
Supported by JFB
Torah law forbidding the betrayal of escaped servants, paralleling the call to shelter outcasts.
The ideal King who judges in righteousness and delivers the needy from oppressors.
Supported by JFB
Wages and terms of a hireling representing a strict, legally measured period.