Jude1
New Living Translation
1This letter is from Jude, a slave of Jesus Christ and a brother of James. I am writing to all who have been called by God the Father, who loves you and keeps you safe in the care of Jesus Christ.
2May God give you more and more mercy, peace, and love.
3Dear friends, I had been eagerly planning to write to you about the salvation we all share. But now I find that I must write about something else, urging you to defend the faith that God has entrusted once for all time to his holy people.
4I say this because some ungodly people have wormed their way into your churches, saying that God’s marvelous grace allows us to live immoral lives. The condemnation of such people was recorded long ago, for they have denied our only Master and Lord, Jesus Christ.
5So I want to remind you, though you already know these things, that Jesus first rescued the nation of Israel from Egypt, but later he destroyed those who did not remain faithful.
6And I remind you of the angels who did not stay within the limits of authority God gave them but left the place where they belonged. God has kept them securely chained in prisons of darkness, waiting for the great day of judgment.
7And don’t forget Sodom and Gomorrah and their neighboring towns, which were filled with immorality and every kind of sexual perversion. Those cities were destroyed by fire and serve as a warning of the eternal fire of God’s judgment.
8In the same way, these people—who claim authority from their dreams—live immoral lives, defy authority, and scoff at supernatural beings.
9But even Michael, one of the mightiest of the angels, did not dare accuse the devil of blasphemy, but simply said, “The Lord rebuke you!” (This took place when Michael was arguing with the devil about Moses’ body.)
10But these people scoff at things they do not understand. Like unthinking animals, they do whatever their instincts tell them, and so they bring about their own destruction.
11What sorrow awaits them! For they follow in the footsteps of Cain, who killed his brother. Like Balaam, they deceive people for money. And like Korah, they perish in their rebellion.
12When these people eat with you in your fellowship meals commemorating the Lord’s love, they are like dangerous reefs that can shipwreck you. They are like shameless shepherds who care only for themselves. They are like clouds blowing over the land without giving any rain. They are like trees in autumn that are doubly dead, for they bear no fruit and have been pulled up by the roots.
13They are like wild waves of the sea, churning up the foam of their shameful deeds. They are like wandering stars, doomed forever to blackest darkness.
14Enoch, who lived in the seventh generation after Adam, prophesied about these people. He said, “Listen! The Lord is coming with countless thousands of his holy ones
15to execute judgment on the people of the world. He will convict every person of all the ungodly things they have done and for all the insults that ungodly sinners have spoken against him.”
16These people are grumblers and complainers, living only to satisfy their desires. They brag loudly about themselves, and they flatter others to get what they want.
17But you, my dear friends, must remember what the apostles of our Lord Jesus Christ predicted.
18They told you that in the last times there would be scoffers whose purpose in life is to satisfy their ungodly desires.
19These people are the ones who are creating divisions among you. They follow their natural instincts because they do not have God’s Spirit in them.
20But you, dear friends, must build each other up in your most holy faith, pray in the power of the Holy Spirit,
21and await the mercy of our Lord Jesus Christ, who will bring you eternal life. In this way, you will keep yourselves safe in God’s love.
22And you must show mercy to those whose faith is wavering.
23Rescue others by snatching them from the flames of judgment. Show mercy to still others, but do so with great caution, hating the sins that contaminate their lives.
24Now all glory to God, who is able to keep you from falling away and will bring you with great joy into his glorious presence without a single fault.
25All glory to him who alone is God, our Savior through Jesus Christ our Lord. All glory, majesty, power, and authority are his before all time, and in the present, and beyond all time! Amen.
Study Guide
Public-domain commentary and original-language notes for Jude 1.
Chapter Summary
In this chapter: The apostle exhorts to stedfastness in the faith. (1–4). The danger of being infected by false professors, and the dreadful punishment which shall be inflicted on them and their followers. (5–7). An awful description of these seducers and their deplorable end. (8–16). Believers cautioned against being surprised at such deceivers arising among them. (17–23). The epistle ends with an encouraging doxology, or words of praise. (24, 25).
vv1-4
Christians are called out of the world, from the evil spirit and temper of it; called above the world, to higher and better things, to heaven, things unseen and eternal; called from sin to Christ, from vanity to seriousness, from uncleanness to holiness; and this according to the Divine purpose and grace. If sanctified and glorified, all the honour and glory must be ascribed to God, and to him alone. As it is God who begins the work of grace in the souls of men, so it is he who carries it on, and perfects it. Let us not trust in ourselves, nor in our stock of grace already received, but in him, and in him alone. The mercy of God is the spring and fountain of all the good we have or hope for; mercy, not only to the miserable, but to the guilty. Next to mercy is peace, which we have from the sense of having obtained mercy. From peace springs love; Christ's love to us, our love to him, and our brotherly love to one another. The apostle prays, not that Christians may be content with a little; but that their souls and societies may be full of these things. None are shut out from gospel offers and invitations, but those who obstinately and wickedly shut themselves out. But the application is to all believers, and only to such. It is to the weak as well as to the strong. Those who have received the doctrine of this common salvation, must contend for it, earnestly, not furiously. Lying for the truth is bad; scolding for it is not better. Those who have received the truth must contend for it, as the apostles did; by suffering with patience and courage for it, not by making others suffer if they will not embrace every notion we call faith, or important. We ought to contend earnestly for the faith, in opposition to those who would corrupt or deprave it; who creep in unawares; who glide in like serpents. And those are the worst of the ungodly, who take encouragement to sin boldly, because the grace of God has abounded, and still abounds so wonderfully, and who are hardened by the extent and fulness of gospel grace, the design of which is to deliver men from sin, and bring them unto God.
vv5-7
Outward privileges, profession, and apparent conversion, could not secure those from the vengeance of God, who turned aside in unbelief and disobedience. The destruction of the unbelieving Israelites in the wilderness, shows that none ought to presume on their privileges. They had miracles as their daily bread; yet even they perished in unbelief. A great number of the angels were not pleased with the stations God allotted to them; pride was the main and direct cause or occasion of their fall. The fallen angels are kept to the judgment of the great day; and shall fallen men escape it? Surely not. Consider this in due time. The destruction of Sodom is a loud warning to all, to take heed of, and flee from fleshly lusts that war against the soul, 1Pe 2:11. God is the same holy, just, pure Being now, as then. Stand in awe, therefore, and sin not, Ps 4:4. Let us not rest in anything that does not make the soul subject to the obedience of Christ; for nothing but the renewal of our souls to the Divine image by the Holy Spirit, can keep us from being destroyed among the enemies of God. Consider this instance of the angels, and see that no dignity or worth of the creature is of avail. How then should man tremble, who drinketh iniquity like water! Job 15:16.
vv8-16
False teachers are dreamers; they greatly defile and grievously wound the soul. These teachers are of a disturbed mind and a seditious spirit; forgetting that the powers that be, are ordained of God, Ro 13:1. As to the contest about the body of Moses, it appears that Satan wished to make the place of his burial known to the Israelites, in order to tempt them to worship him, but he was prevented, and vented his rage in desperate blasphemy. This should remind all who dispute never to bring railing charges. Also learn hence, that we ought to defend those whom God owns. It is hard, if not impossible, to find any enemies to the Christian religion, who did not, and do not, live in open or secret contradiction to the principles of natural religion. Such are here compared to brute beasts, though they often boast of themselves as the wisest of mankind. They corrupt themselves in the things most open and plain. The fault lies, not in their understandings, but in their depraved wills, and their disordered appetites and affections. It is a great reproach, though unjust to religion, when those who profess it are opposed to it in heart and life. The Lord will remedy this in his time and way; not in men's blind way of plucking up the wheat with the tares. It is sad when men begin in the Spirit, and end in the flesh. Twice dead; they had been once dead in their natural, fallen state; but now they are dead again by the evident proofs of their hypocrisy. Dead trees, why cumber they the ground! Away with them to the fire. Raging waves are a terror to sailing passengers; but when they get into port, the noise and terror are ended. False teachers are to expect the worst punishments in this world and in that to come. They glare like meteors, or falling stars, and then sink into the blackness of darkness for ever. We have no mention of the prophecy of Enoch in any other part or place of Scripture; yet one plain text of Scripture, proves any point we are to believe. We find from this, that Christ's coming to judge was prophesied of, as early as the times before the flood. The Lord cometh: what a glorious time will that be! Notice how often the word “ungodly” is repeated. Many now do not at all refer to the terms godly, or ungodly, unless it be to mock at even the words; but it is not so in the language taught us by the Holy Ghost. Hard speeches of one another, especially if ill-grounded, will certainly come into account at the day of judgment. These evil men and seducers are angry at every thing that happens, and never pleased with their own state and condition. Their will and their fancy, are their only rule and law. Those who please their sinful appetites, are most prone to yield to ungovernable passions. The men of God, from the beginning of the world, have declared the doom denounced on them. Such let us avoid. We are to follow men only as they follow Christ. (Jud 1:17-23)
Key Words
Ἰούδας (Ioúdas): Judas (i.e. Jehudah), the name of ten Israelites; also of the posterity of one of them and its region
δοῦλος (doûlos): a slave (literal or figurative, involuntary or voluntary; frequently, therefore in a qualified sense of subjection or subserviency)
Ἰησοῦς (Iēsoûs): Jesus (i.e. Jehoshua), the name of our Lord and two (three) other Israelites
Χριστός (Christós): anointed, i.e. the Messiah, an epithet of Jesus
δέ (dé): but, and, etc.
ἀδελφός (adelphós): a brother (literally or figuratively) near or remote (much like G1 (Α))
Ἰάκωβος (Iákōbos): Jacobus, the name of three Israelites
κλητός (klētós): invited, i.e. appointed, or (specially), a saint
ἀγαπάω (agapáō): to love (in a social or moral sense)
ἐν (en): "in," at, (up-)on, by, etc.
Cross References
Jude 1Direct sister parallel concerning false teachers creeping in unawares and denying the Lord.
Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB
Direct parallel regarding God sparing not the angels that sinned, reserving them in darkness.
Supported by Matthew Henry, JFB
Verbal echo of the archangel's rebuke: 'The Lord rebuke thee' spoken to Satan.
Supported by JFB
Direct parallel in doxology celebrating Him who is 'of power to stablish you' (able to keep).
Supported by Matthew Poole
Parallel praise 'to God only wise' matching Jude's doxology to 'the only wise God'.
Supported by Matthew Poole
The Old Testament account of Moses' secret burial, over which Michael disputed.
Supported by Matthew Henry, JFB
Direct sister parallel on those who follow the way and error of Balaam for reward.
Supported by Matthew Henry, JFB
Historical account of the gainsaying of Korah (Core) and his rebellion.
Supported by Matthew Henry, Matthew Poole
Source of the imagery 'a brand plucked out of the fire' used in rescuing sinners.
Supported by Matthew Henry, Matthew Poole, JFB
Parallel of presenting believers holy, unblameable, and unreprovable (faultless) in His sight.
Supported by Matthew Henry, Matthew Poole, JFB
Echos the doxology to the 'only wise God, be honour and glory for ever'.
Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB
The historical way of Cain, cited as the first archetype of apostasy and hatred.
Supported by Matthew Henry
Parallel imagery of wells without water and clouds carried with a tempest.
Supported by Matthew Henry, JFB
Identifies Enoch as the seventh from Adam in genealogical descent.
Supported by Matthew Henry, JFB
Old Testament verbal parallel of the Lord coming with ten thousands of saints.
Supported by Matthew Henry, JFB
Identical apostolic warning that there shall come mockers in the last days.
Supported by Matthew Henry, JFB
Parallel instruction on converting erring brothers to save their souls from death.
Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB
Old Testament imagery of being 'as a firebrand plucked out of the burning'.
Supported by Matthew Henry, Matthew Poole
Saves as through fire, aligning with Jude's 'pulling them out of the fire'.
Supported by Matthew Henry, Matthew Poole
Contrast of those who 'have not defiled their garments' with garments spotted by flesh.
Supported by JFB
Echos the praise to Him who is 'able to do exceeding abundantly' to keep.
Supported by Matthew Henry, Matthew Poole
Distinguishes the author Jude (Judas, not Iscariot) from the traitor.
Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB
Historical destruction of the unbelieving generation in the wilderness.
Supported by Matthew Henry
Sodom and Gomorrah turning to ashes as an example to the ungodly.
Supported by Matthew Henry, JFB
Parallel regarding walking after the flesh, despising government, and speaking evil of dignities.
Supported by Matthew Henry
Defines the 'sensual' (natural) man who has not the Spirit of God.
Supported by JFB
Exhortation to 'continue in his goodness' corresponding to 'keep yourselves in the love of God'.
Supported by Matthew Henry
Levitically illustrates 'the garment spotted by the flesh' through contaminated leprosy garments.
Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB
Doxological parallel attributing glory to Jesus Christ both now and forever.
Supported by JFB
Links the hope of eternal life to the promise of God.
Supported by Matthew Poole