Luke19
New Living Translation
1Jesus entered Jericho and made his way through the town.
2There was a man there named Zacchaeus. He was the chief tax collector in the region, and he had become very rich.
3He tried to get a look at Jesus, but he was too short to see over the crowd.
4So he ran ahead and climbed a sycamore-fig tree beside the road, for Jesus was going to pass that way.
5When Jesus came by, he looked up at Zacchaeus and called him by name. “Zacchaeus!” he said. “Quick, come down! I must be a guest in your home today.”
6Zacchaeus quickly climbed down and took Jesus to his house in great excitement and joy.
7But the people were displeased. “He has gone to be the guest of a notorious sinner,” they grumbled.
8Meanwhile, Zacchaeus stood before the Lord and said, “I will give half my wealth to the poor, Lord, and if I have cheated people on their taxes, I will give them back four times as much!”
9Jesus responded, “Salvation has come to this home today, for this man has shown himself to be a true son of Abraham.
10For the Son of Man came to seek and save those who are lost.”
11The crowd was listening to everything Jesus said. And because he was nearing Jerusalem, he told them a story to correct the impression that the Kingdom of God would begin right away.
12He said, “A nobleman was called away to a distant empire to be crowned king and then return.
13Before he left, he called together ten of his servants and divided among them ten pounds of silver, saying, ‘Invest this for me while I am gone.’
14But his people hated him and sent a delegation after him to say, ‘We do not want him to be our king.’
15“After he was crowned king, he returned and called in the servants to whom he had given the money. He wanted to find out what their profits were.
16The first servant reported, ‘Master, I invested your money and made ten times the original amount!’
17“‘Well done!’ the king exclaimed. ‘You are a good servant. You have been faithful with the little I entrusted to you, so you will be governor of ten cities as your reward.’
18“The next servant reported, ‘Master, I invested your money and made five times the original amount.’
19“‘Well done!’ the king said. ‘You will be governor over five cities.’
20“But the third servant brought back only the original amount of money and said, ‘Master, I hid your money and kept it safe.
21I was afraid because you are a hard man to deal with, taking what isn’t yours and harvesting crops you didn’t plant.’
22“‘You wicked servant!’ the king roared. ‘Your own words condemn you. If you knew that I’m a hard man who takes what isn’t mine and harvests crops I didn’t plant,
23why didn’t you deposit my money in the bank? At least I could have gotten some interest on it.’
24“Then, turning to the others standing nearby, the king ordered, ‘Take the money from this servant, and give it to the one who has ten pounds.’
25“‘But, master,’ they said, ‘he already has ten pounds!’
26“‘Yes,’ the king replied, ‘and to those who use well what they are given, even more will be given. But from those who do nothing, even what little they have will be taken away.
27And as for these enemies of mine who didn’t want me to be their king—bring them in and execute them right here in front of me.’”
28After telling this story, Jesus went on toward Jerusalem, walking ahead of his disciples.
29As he came to the towns of Bethphage and Bethany on the Mount of Olives, he sent two disciples ahead.
30“Go into that village over there,” he told them. “As you enter it, you will see a young donkey tied there that no one has ever ridden. Untie it and bring it here.
31If anyone asks, ‘Why are you untying that colt?’ just say, ‘The Lord needs it.’”
32So they went and found the colt, just as Jesus had said.
33And sure enough, as they were untying it, the owners asked them, “Why are you untying that colt?”
34And the disciples simply replied, “The Lord needs it.”
35So they brought the colt to Jesus and threw their garments over it for him to ride on.
36As he rode along, the crowds spread out their garments on the road ahead of him.
37When he reached the place where the road started down the Mount of Olives, all of his followers began to shout and sing as they walked along, praising God for all the wonderful miracles they had seen.
38“Blessings on the King who comes in the name of the Lord! Peace in heaven, and glory in highest heaven!”
39But some of the Pharisees among the crowd said, “Teacher, rebuke your followers for saying things like that!”
40He replied, “If they kept quiet, the stones along the road would burst into cheers!”
41But as he came closer to Jerusalem and saw the city ahead, he began to weep.
42“How I wish today that you of all people would understand the way to peace. But now it is too late, and peace is hidden from your eyes.
43Before long your enemies will build ramparts against your walls and encircle you and close in on you from every side.
44They will crush you into the ground, and your children with you. Your enemies will not leave a single stone in place, because you did not recognize it when God visited you.”
45Then Jesus entered the Temple and began to drive out the people selling animals for sacrifices.
46He said to them, “The Scriptures declare, ‘My Temple will be a house of prayer,’ but you have turned it into a den of thieves.”
47After that, he taught daily in the Temple, but the leading priests, the teachers of religious law, and the other leaders of the people began planning how to kill him.
48But they could think of nothing, because all the people hung on every word he said.
Study Guide
Public-domain commentary and original-language notes for Luke 19.
Chapter Summary
In this chapter: The conversion of Zaccheus. (1–10). The parable of the nobleman and his servants. (11–27). Christ enters Jerusalem. (28–40). Christ laments over Jerusalem. (41–48).
vv1-10
Those who sincerely desire a sight of Christ, like Zaccheus, will break through opposition, and take pains to see him. Christ invited himself to Zaccheus' house. Wherever Christ comes he opens the heart, and inclines it to receive him. He that has a mind to know Christ, shall be known of him. Those whom Christ calls, must humble themselves, and come down. We may well receive him joyfully, who brings all good with him. Zaccheus gave proofs publicly that he was become a true convert. He does not look to be justified by his works, as the Pharisee; but by his good works he will, through the grace of God, show the sincerity of his faith and repentance. Zaccheus is declared to be a happy man, now he is turned from sin to God. Now that he is saved from his sins, from the guilt of them, from the power of them, all the benefits of salvation are his. Christ is come to his house, and where Christ comes he brings salvation with him. He came into this lost world to seek and to save it. His design was to save, when there was no salvation in any other. He seeks those that sought him not, and asked not for him.
vv11-27
This parable is like that of the talents, Mt 25. Those that are called to Christ, he furnishes with gifts needful for their business; and from those to whom he gives power, he expects service. The manifestation of the Spirit is given to every man to profit withal, 1Co 12:7. And as every one has received the gift, so let him minister the same, 1Pe 4:10. The account required, resembles that in the parable of the talents; and the punishment of the avowed enemies of Christ, as well as of false professors, is shown. The principal difference is, that the pound given to each seems to point out the gift of the gospel, which is the same to all who hear it; but the talents, distributed more or less, seem to mean that God gives different capacities and advantages to men, by which this one gift of the gospel may be differently improved.
vv28-40
Christ has dominion over all creatures, and may use them as he pleases. He has all men's hearts both under his eye and in his hand. Christ's triumphs, and his disciples' joyful praises, vex proud Pharisees, who are enemies to him and to his kingdom. But Christ, as he despises the contempt of the proud, so he accepts the praises of the humble. Pharisees would silence the praises of Christ, but they cannot; for as God can out of stones raise up children unto Abraham, and turn the stony heart to himself, so he can bring praise out of the mouths of children. And what will be the feelings of men when the Lord returns in glory to judge the world!
Key Words
καί (kaí): and, also, even, so then, too, etc.; often used in connection (or composition) with other particles or small words
εἰσέρχομαι (eisérchomai): to enter (literally or figuratively)
Ἱεριχώ (Hierichṓ): Jericho, a place in Palestine
διέρχομαι (diérchomai): to traverse (literally)
ἰδού (idoú): used as imperative lo!;
ἀνήρ (anḗr): a man (properly as an individual male)
Ζακχαῖος (Zakchaîos): Zacchæus, an Israelite
ἦν (ēn): I (thou, etc.) was (wast or were)
ἀρχιτελώνης (architelṓnēs): a principle tax-gatherer
πλούσιος (ploúsios): wealthy; figuratively, abounding with
Cross References
Luke 19Prophetic fulfillment of the King coming in peace, riding on a colt, the foal of an ass.
Supported by Matthew Poole
The primary sister parable (the Talents) illustrating stewardship of gifts and rewards upon Christ's return.
Supported by Matthew Henry, JFB
The direct Messianic quote shouted by the crowds: 'Blessed be the King that cometh...'
Supported by Matthew Henry, John Calvin
Direct citation of Jeremiah's warning regarding God's house being turned into a den of thieves.
Supported by Matthew Henry, Matthew Poole
Direct citation of Isaiah's prophecy: 'My house shall be called an house of prayer.'
Supported by Matthew Poole
Contrasts Zacchaeus's joyful generosity with the rich young ruler's sorrowful inability to part with riches.
Supported by Matthew Poole
Direct thematic link to finding and rejoicing over that which was lost.
Supported by JFB
Shows the persistent disciple expectation that the political kingdom of God would immediately appear.
Supported by Matthew Poole, John Calvin, JFB
John the Baptist's specific call for publicans to bring forth fruits meet for repentance.
Supported by JFB
Explains how Zacchaeus is a 'son of Abraham' by faith, not merely physical lineage.
Supported by JFB
The resolution of the citizens' rebellion in the parable, previewing the destruction of Jerusalem.
Supported by Matthew Henry, JFB
Parallels Christ's deep emotional lamentation and weeping over the impending destruction of Jerusalem.
Supported by Matthew Henry
Samuel's public declaration of integrity and readiness to restore any defrauded goods.
Supported by Matthew Poole
Exhorts believers to minister their diverse spiritual gifts as good stewards of God's grace.
Supported by Matthew Henry
Old Testament prophecy of Jerusalem being plowed as a field and left in ruins.
Supported by Matthew Poole